A PowerPoint Presentation by Chua Thia-Eng, Regional Programme Director Partnerships in Environmental Management during International Waters Workshop - A CEO Dialogue Jointly Organized by GEF and WFEO/FIDIC last June 7-8, 2001 in Washington, DC, USA

1. Building Partnerships in Environmental Management for the
Seas of East Asia: A Framework for Regional Cooperation
PRESENTER: Chua Thia-Eng, Regional Programme Director
Partnerships in Environmental Management
CONFERENCE: International Waters Workshop - A CEO Dialogue
Jointly Organized by GEF and WFEO/FIDIC
LOCATION: Washington, DC, USA
DATE: June 7-8, 2001
CONTACT: IW:LEARN
4211 N. Fairfax Dr.
Arlington, VA 22207 USA
Tel: +703-522-2190
Fax: +703-522-2191
info@iwlearn.org

2. Building Partnerships in Environmental Management
for the Seas of East Asia: A Framework for
Regional Cooperation
Chua Thia-Eng

3. The East Asian Seas
Coastline:
234,000 km
Coastline:
234,000 km
Sea area:
7 million km2
Sea area:
7 million km2
Total population:
1.9 billion
Total population:
1.9 billion
Coastal population:
522 million
Coastal population:
522 million
213 million are poor in China;
65 million in the rest of EAS
213 million are poor in China;
65 million in the rest of EAS
Uses of the EAS:
• food supply
• livelihood
• medicine
• energy
• minerals
• transport
• recreation
Uses of the EAS:
• food supply
• livelihood
• medicine
• energy
• minerals
• transport
• recreation

6. PEMSEA - multi-country, multi-sector collaboration and partnerships
shared vision
strategy
program of actions
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY
forthe Seas of East Asia
INITIAL DRAFT
as of 25 May 2001.
Do not cite.

7. A Strategic Approach to Achieving Shared Vision
Values
• Ecological
• Aesthetic
• Historical and
cultural
• Recreation
• Development
Threats
• Habitat conversion
• Over-exploitation
• Land-based pollution
sources
• Oil and chemical pollution
• Destructive fishing
practices
• Invasive species
• Sea level rise
• Climate change
• Resource use conflicts
• Uncontrolled development
• Erosion/Siltation and
sedimentation
• Trade in endangered
species
Shared Vision
Sustain
Preserve
Protect
Develop
Implement
Communicate
Strategies
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs

8. Ensure Sustainable use of coastal and marine resources.
The East Asian countries shall:
STRATEGIC ACTION STATEMENTSTRATEGIC ACTION STATEMENT
Preserve species and areas of the coastal and marine environment that
are pristine or are of ecological, social or cultural significance.
Protect ecosystems, human health and society from risks occurring as
a consequence of human activities.
Develop economic activities in the coastal and marine environment
that contribute to economic prosperity and social well-being while
safeguarding ecological values.
Implement international instruments relevant to management of the
coastal and marine environment.
Communicate with stakeholders to raise public awareness, strengthen
multisectoral participation and obtain scientific support for the
sustainable development of the coastal and marine environment.

9. The environment of the Seas of East Asia should be
managed to ensure preservation of the ecosystems and the
well-being and dignity of the people of the region.
The right to development must be fulfilled so as to
equitably meet development and environmental needs of
present and future generations. (Agenda 21, Principle 3)
Management of coastal and marine resources and the
activities affecting them should respect natural processes
and systems.
Beneficial uses of the resources shall be encouraged and
adverse uses avoided or minimized.
Basic linkages between sustainable management of
coastal and marine resources, poverty alleviation, and
protection of the marine environment should be recognized
(APEC Action Plan)
General PrinciplesGeneral Principles
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY FORTHE SEAS OF EAST ASIA

10. The rights of all sectors of society shall be respected and the role
of civil society recognized.
The precautionary approach shall be widely applied. Where there
are threats of serious irreversible damage, lack of full scientific
certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-
effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.
(Principle 15, Agenda 21)
Activities within one State should not cause damage by pollution
to other States and their environment. (UNCLOS, Art. 194(2))
The interrelationship between conservation and socioeconomic
development implies both that conservation is necessary to
ensure sustainability of development, and that socioeconomic
development is necessary for the achievement of conservation on
a lasting basis. (ASEAN Agreement on the Conservation of Nature
and Natural Resources, 1985)
General PrinciplesGeneral Principles
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY FORTHE SEAS OF EAST ASIA

11. Supporting Implementation
1. Enabling local governments to effectively manage
coastal and marine environment and their natural
resources;
2. Promoting cross boundary, multi-sector, multi-
agency cooperation in managing subregional sea
areas and marine pollution hotspots;
3. Developing management related methodologies,
techniques, working models, and standards to
strengthen practical efforts in the field;
4. Providing policy support and scientific advise to
the decision-makers;

12. Supporting Implementation
5. Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and
linkages between related international
environmental instruments and facilitating their
integrated implementation;
6. Creating environmental investment opportunities
and integrating environment investment as an
integral part of economic development programmes;
7. Strengthening communication amongst
stakeholders, partners and the general public

13. Supporting Implementation 1
Enabling local governments to effectively manage coastal
and marine environment and their natural resources
Enabling local governments to effectively manage coastal
and marine environment and their natural resources
Capacity Building
Internships
Regional Task Force
Demonstration Sites

14. ICM Demonstration and
Parallel Sites
Integrated Coastal Management

15. Supporting Implementation 2
Promoting cross boundary,
multi-sector, multi-agency
cooperation in managing
subregional sea areas
and marine pollution hotspots
Promoting cross boundary,
multi-sector, multi-agency
cooperation in managing
subregional sea areas
and marine pollution hotspots
Institutional
Arrangements
Risk
Assessment
Response
Compensation/
Restoration
Capacity
Building
Environmental
Monitoring
Bohai Sea
Manila Bay
Gulf of
Thailand
Malacca
Straits
Marine Pollution
Hot Spots

16. Supporting Implementation 3
Developing management related methodologies,techniques,
working models, and standards to strengthen practical
efforts in the field
Developing management related methodologies,techniques,
working models, and standards to strengthen practical
efforts in the field
Risk assessment/Risk management
Integrated Coastal Management
Integrated Information Management System (IIMS)
Sea Use Zoning Schemes
Public-Private Sector Partnerships
Marine Electronic Highway (MEH)
ISO 14001 for Local Government

17. IIMS
Products
Environmental
Database
IIMS
central node
IIMS ICM/
hot spot nodes
Remote sensing
• Environmental assessment
• Planning
• Management
• Monitoring
U
S
E
R
S
GIS
Baseline
information
Thematic
maps
Modelling/
forecasting
software
environmental
monitoring
Products and Services: IIMS operational structure

18. Marine Electronic Highway
Functional Diagram
Applications Module Goals
emergency
response
electronic navigation
traffic management
resource management
and intervention
environmental
protection
- hydrodynamics
- s, T, δ t
- plankton
- nutrients
- sediments
3D circulation
model
plus 3D
ecology model
oil spill
search and rescue
tanker drift
tsunami / surge wave forecasting
tides and currents
fishery forecasts
ocean productivity
hazardous plankton forecasts
effluent dispersion
contaminant fate and effects
in situ obs.
Real-time
Envt’l Info
GPS
VTIS
radar
ENCs
Data
interface

19. Supporting Implementation 4
Providing policy support and scientific advice to the
decision-makers
Providing policy support and scientific advice to the
decision-makers
Integrated coastal management
the application of risk assessment for
environmental management
application of public sector – private sector
partnership for environmental clean-up
ecological carrying capacity
trade on marine endangered species
trade-offs between economic development and
environmental protection

20. Supporting Implementation 5
Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and
linkages between related international environmental
instruments and facilitating their integrated implementation
Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and
linkages between related international environmental
instruments and facilitating their integrated implementation
ICMand Agenda 21
Integrated Coastal
Management
G E F
U N D P
• regional cooperation
• international cooperation
• approaches
• national level
• issues identification
and assessment
• priorities
• integrated planning
and management
• strategies and action
• financing mechanism
Agenda 21,
Chapter 17
Integrated management and
sustainable development of
coastal and marine areas
• integrated policy
multiple use
• preventive and pre-
cautionary principles
• value changes
• stakeholders consulta-
tion and participation
• poverty
• environment
• employment
• women
Sustainable
human deve-
lopment
• land-water use
• contaminants
• transboundary
International waters
• UNCLOS
• IMO
• UNEP
International Conventions
Global Programme of Actions on land-based
pollution (1995)

21. Supporting Implementation 6
Creating environmental investment opportunities and
integrating environmental investment as an integral
part of economic development programmes
Creating environmental investment opportunities and
integrating environmental investment as an integral
part of economic development programmes
Stimulated by environmental threats
 Public health
 Ecosystem health
 Societal health
Policy and management framework
 ICM framework
 Risk management framework
 Coastal and marine policy
 Public awareness
 National and local capacity

22. Supporting Implementation 7
Strengthening communication and environmental
education amongst stakeholders, partners and the
general public
Strengthening communication and environmental
education amongst stakeholders, partners and the
general public
forming partnerships with NGOs, media and
religious groups
youth and women groups
summer camp
communication plans
videos, comics, public clean-up campaigns

23. Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Vast coastal population
Rapid coastal urbanization
Fast economic growth
Globalization

24. Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Improved standard of living
Green movement
High remedial cost

25. Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Decentralization to strengthen local governance
National coastal and marine policy
Specific national target/direction
China: 40% reduction in pollution load under its
10th
plan
Indonesia: 50% of coastal provinces
implementing ICM
Philippines: national coastal management plan
targets 1000 coastal municipalities

26. A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Sustainable development = environmental protection
+ economic development
Partnerships

27. A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Holistic, coordinated and integrated in planning
and management
Ecosystem management
Stakeholders involvement

28. A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Use local governments to address environmental
problems
Use the power of science and information
technology
Use the resources and expertise of the private
sector
Use the power of civil society

29. Partnership between public and private sector
Create investment environment
Identify priority environmental facilities
and services
Package investment opportunities
Promote investment opportunities
Bring the two parties together into
partnership

30. Advantages of PEMSEA’s Approach
1. Management framework at each
PEMSEA site
2. Reduced political and investment
risks of the investors
3. Benefits of PPP process to the
private investors
4. Benefits of PPP process to the
public sector

31. Public-Private Sector Partnerships: EAS version
Identifying investment opportunities at
ICM sites and RA/RM ‘hot spot’ locations
Identifying investment opportunities at
ICM sites and RA/RM ‘hot spot’ locations
Technical and economic
pre-feasibility
Technical and economic
pre-feasibility
Defining mechanisms to
catalyze, promote and
advance environmental
investments
Defining mechanisms to
catalyze, promote and
advance environmental
investments
Round table meetings with
investors, partners and
stakeholders
Round table meetings with
investors, partners and
stakeholders
Investment processesInvestment processes
Synthesizing policy/regulatory
issues to create a climate
conducive to environmental
investments
Synthesizing policy/regulatory
issues to create a climate
conducive to environmental
investments
Technologies
and Services

32. Public-Private Sector Partnerships in Batangas, Philippines
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
Philippines New
Zealand
McConnell
International
Ltd.
United
Environmental
Ltd.
SOE
Waikato
Batangas Utilities
Development Inc.
Batangas Utilities
Development Inc.
NZ Waste
Managers
Ltd.
Perry
Waste
Services
Ltd.
Batangas
Waste Inc.
Batangas
Province (34
municipalities)

33. Sustainable Regional Mechanism
International Frameworks for
Coastal & Marine Management
Int’l Conventions Int’l Action Plans
Regional Implementing Mechanism
Participating Countries
in the Region
Int’l, Regional Org./
Donors
Technical
Assistance
Products &
Services
Products &
Services
Institutional
Arrangements
Marine Environment
Resource Foundation
Grants
and
Donations
Envt’l
Invest-
ment
Center
Envt’l
Invest-
ment
Fund
Private Sector

34. Financial Arrangement for Marine Environment
Resource Foundation
Products and
Services
Grants and
Donations
Environment Investment Fund
(Investment Center)

35. Thank You