EFFECTIVE FLUENCY STRATEGIES Student Name University Name Date Instructor Name Five critical components: Phonemic Awareness Phonics Fluency Vocabulary Comprehension strategies Identifying words accurately and fluently Constructing meaning once words are identified Research indicates that students need to acquire skills and knowledge in at least five main areas in order to become proficient readers The National Account Panel (in accordance with the No Child Left Behind Act) completed all-encompassing analysis to determine the a lot of able way to advise acceptance how to read. The research revealed that if the afterward 5 apparatus are finer taught, they lead to the accomplished adventitious of account success (known as the 5 pillars of reading): phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. 2 PHONEMIC AWARENESS—The knowledge and manipulation of sounds in spoken words. VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT—The knowledge of words, their definitions, and context. READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES—The understanding of meaning in text. PHONICS—The relationship between written and spoken letters and sounds. READING FLUENCY, INCLUDING ORAL READING SKILLS—The ability to read with accuracy, and with appropriate rate, expression, and phrasing. In five components, first one is phonemic awareness that defines the knowledge and manipulation of sounds in spoken words. Through the phonics, the relationship between written and spoken letters and sounds are cleared. By the oral reading skills, the ability to read with accuracy, and with appropriate speed, expression, and phrasing is included. The knowledge of words, their definitions and context are included in the vocabulary development. The understanding of the meaning in text is cleared through the reading comprehension strategies. 3 What is reading fluency? Accuracy in reading words correctly. Reading not too fast and not too slow. Expressions with feeling. Follow most or all the punctuation marks. Sounds like talking. Fluency has natural phrasing and intonation . Fluency in reading is including accuracy, rate, expression, and punctuation. Accuracy-Accuracy in reading words correctly. Rate-Reading not too fast and not too slow. Expressions-Expressions with feeling, fluency has natural phrasing and intonation . Punctuation - Follow most or all the punctuation marks. Sounds like talking. 4 Strategies for Developing Reading Fluency Model Fluent Reading Do Repeated Readings in Class Promote Phrased Reading in Class Enlist Tutors to Help Out Enlist Tutors to Help Out Try a Reader's Theater in Class In order to read fluently, students must first hear and understand what fluent reading sounds like. From there, they will be more likely to transfer those experiences into their own reading. Repeated readings as a way to help students recognize high-frequency words more easily, thereby strengthening their ease of reading. Having students practice readin ...

1. EFFECTIVE FLUENCY STRATEGIES
Student Name
University Name
Date
Instructor Name
Five critical components:
Phonemic Awareness
Phonics
Fluency
Vocabulary
Comprehension strategies
Identifying words accurately and fluently
Constructing meaning once words are identified
Research indicates that students need to acquire skills and
knowledge in at least five main areas in order to become
proficient readers
The National Account Panel (in accordance with the No Child

2. Left Behind Act) completed all-encompassing analysis to
determine the a lot of able way to advise acceptance how to
read. The research revealed that if the afterward 5 apparatus are
finer taught, they lead to the accomplished adventitious of
account success (known as the 5 pillars of reading): phonemic
awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
2
PHONEMIC AWARENESS—The knowledge and manipulation
of sounds in spoken words.
VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT—The knowledge of words,
their definitions, and context.
READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES—The
understanding of meaning in text.
PHONICS—The relationship between written and spoken letters
and sounds.
READING FLUENCY, INCLUDING ORAL READING
SKILLS—The ability to read with accuracy, and with
appropriate rate, expression, and phrasing.
In five components, first one is phonemic awareness that
defines the knowledge and manipulation of sounds in spoken
words. Through the phonics, the relationship between written
and spoken letters and sounds are cleared. By the oral reading
skills, the ability to read with accuracy, and with appropriate
speed, expression, and phrasing is included. The knowledge of
words, their definitions and context are included in the

3. vocabulary development. The understanding of the meaning in
text is cleared through the reading comprehension strategies.
3
What is reading fluency?
Accuracy in reading words correctly.
Reading not too fast and not too slow.
Expressions with feeling.
Follow most or all the punctuation marks.
Sounds like talking.
Fluency has natural phrasing and intonation .
Fluency in reading is including accuracy, rate, expression, and
punctuation. Accuracy-Accuracy in reading words correctly.
Rate-Reading not too fast and not too slow. Expressions-
Expressions with feeling, fluency has natural phrasing and
intonation . Punctuation - Follow most or all the punctuation
marks. Sounds like talking.
4
Strategies for Developing Reading Fluency
Model Fluent Reading
Do Repeated Readings in Class
Promote Phrased Reading in Class
Enlist Tutors to Help Out
Enlist Tutors to Help Out

4. Try a Reader's Theater in Class
In order to read fluently, students must first hear and
understand what fluent reading sounds like. From there, they
will be more likely to transfer those experiences into their own
reading. Repeated readings as a way to help students recognize
high-frequency words more easily, thereby strengthening their
ease of reading. Having students practice reading by rereading
short passages aloud is one of the best ways to promote fluency.
5
Impact of fluency on reading comprehension
Fluency definitely impacts reading comprehension. The essence
of fluency is the ability to recognize words and understand
them. So that when someone is trying to comprehend something
that is being read, being fluent in that language increases
comprehension.
6
Research-based teaching strategies for fluency
Model Fluent Reading
Do Repeated Readings in Class
Promote Phrased Reading in Class
Try a Reader's Theater in Class

5. In order to read fluently, students must first hear and
understand what fluent reading sounds like. From there, they
will be more likely to transfer those experiences into their own
reading. The most powerful way for you to help your students is
to read aloud to them, often and with great expression.
Next, ask your students to engage in an "echo reading," in
which you read a line and all the students repeat the line back to
you. Following the echo reading, have students read the entire
poem together as a "choral read."
Fluency involves reading phrases seamlessly, as opposed to
word by word. To help students read phrases better, begin with
a terrific poem.
For the presentation, have readers stand, or sit on stools, in
front of the room and face the audience. Position them in order
of each character's importance. Encourage students to make eye
contact with the audience and one another before they read.
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Research Analysis
Partnership for reading brings in the gaining strategy to some
concepts based on the freeness with accuracy and to generate a
gap for students to eliminate the comprehension techniques.
Some of the analysis so far made to eliminate things for better
fluency are punctuation, expression, rate with the accuracy.
Analysis over the research methodology gains the significance

6. for fluency rate to be increased among the students.
8

7. Impact of fluency on reading comprehension
Fluency is mainly unnoticed of the five vital facets of analysis.
Because it is typically calculated during oral interpretation, a
lot of do not believe it vital to still, self-governing analysis.
Fluency is in terribly attached to decode and appraisal grasp. It
hands out as the viaduct amid decoding and grasp. On one stage
fluency imitates a reader’s aptitude to decipher the terms in a
copy. If he is so talented to hurriedly and precisely move
through the words on the sheet, his decoding expertise are
repeated.
Fluency has the top drive on reading comprehension. Children
with soaring fluency rates lean to study more and consider more
of what they translate for the reason that they are capable to

8. spend less cognitive energy on to decode personality words and
to integrate new information from passage into their awareness
pools.
Fluency also has constructive possessions on word
acknowledgment skills. Those children showing to analysis
programs with a spotlight on confidence have shown superior
gains in their capability to proficiently distinguish words than
individuals not getting instruction with a fluency module.
9
Differentiation of fluency instruction for ELL, SPED, and
diverse learners
ELL SPED Diverse Learners Students require to memorize
sound-letter posts and turn out to be easy in the reading of those
letters to be clever to put them collectively to create meaning
from a sound. It is so vital for students to put up their words to
pick up their facility when reading. If a student draws closer to
a statement they don't know, that can radically impacts their
confidence by sluggish down their appraisal.
When students read loudly, they must have passable familiarity
and skill in to manipulate letter sounds in some array to
translate being words glibly. Without fluency, students cannot
recognize the meaning within the content, as they are merely
focusing on the phonics, vocabulary, aspect of the judgment
rather than being able to read the sentence and create
import from the words.
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ELL SPED

9. ELLs should be trained to read initially in their first words. If
this is not probable, students require to see and listen to
hundreds of books in excess of a school year in order for
facility to be a model to them.
Approach used for students with particular needs will fluctuate
depending on the precise needs of the student. It is so vital to
get the most obvious picture of what the student needs from side
to side for their IEP and do whets on earth it takes to assemble
those needs.
ELLs play a part in choral read-aloud of big books, comprehend
along with skilled readers, and listen repetitively to books read
aloud in order to achieve fluency in English.
Students with special needs generally promote from a repetitive
reading performance, more time on charge, paired reading and
re-reading, and further pointer and improvement monitoring.
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Diverse Learners
Readers Theatre Example
Assign parts according to reading levels. Struggling booklover
can be made to assign the most theatrical parts. This can erect
their enthusiasm for analysis and help them ponder on reading
for meaning. ESL students can be made to assign smaller parts
so they will at rest be concerned but not overwhelmed.

10. Students may prepare simple props or name tags to develop
their presentation. Gifted students may crave to write their own
readers theatre to adapt well known fairy tales. Struggling
students can use simpler copies.
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Assessments for Fluency
QRI- Miscue Analysis
AIMS WEB
Dibels
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QRI-Miscue Analysis
Miscue Analysis involve the surveillance, footage and
evaluation of errors or faults a child creates or appears to build
when reading aloud.
The teacher would encompass the passage in face of them while
they pay attention to the student read. They trace using detailed
signs the errors ended, and later evaluate what intervention is
required.
AIMS WEB

11. AIMS WEB A web based plan used for growth monitoring that
includes more than a few fluency connected standardized
appraisal.
Letter Name Fluency (LNF)- this assessment necessitates
students to say the letter names from a register of letters in
front of them below a time edge of 1 min.
Letter Sound Fluency (LSF)- this appraisal requires students to
build the letter sound from a catalog of letters in front of them
beneath a time bound of 1 min.
15
Dibels
Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) are
a set of assessment used for worldwide showing and progress to
monitor in grades K-6. They are consistent, competent and
lengthily researched.
DIBELS assessments usually take place in the beginning,
middle and end of the university year to help control specific
reading programs so the equipment can be misrepresented in
order to hold up students based on their detailed needs, such as
phonemic consciousness or identification of the alphabet.
Testing can take around 10 minutes per student, so the
advantage is that it may be realized in schools with negligible
preparation.

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Summary
The role of fluency is particularly based on the five critical
elements,
Phonics
Reading Comprehension
Fluency
Vocabulary
Phonemic Awareness
Research based strategies for fluency are model fluent reading,
phrased reading, readers theater, repeated readings, paired
readings.
Impact of fluency on reading comprehension show cases that
fluency leads to comprehension.
Fluency instruction for ELL- ELLs play a part in choral read-
aloud of big books, comprehend along with skilled readers, and
listen repetitively to books read aloud in order to achieve
fluency in English.
SPED- Students with special needs generally promote from a
repetitive reading performance, more time on charge, paired
reading and re-reading, and further pointer and improvement
monitoring.
Diverse Learners- may prepare simple props or name tags to
develop their presentation. Gifted students may crave to write
their own readers theatre to adapt well known fairy tales.
Struggling students can use simpler copies.

13. Assessments for fluency lies on with the following three
methods
i)QRI-Miscue Analysis
ii)AIMS WEB
iii)Dibels
If the above categorized details with the course description is
scheduled properly, then it can be easily made through to knock
over the fluency blocks for students to shine in their course of
reading.
17
References
http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/jblanton/read/5essential.htm
http://www.readingrockets.org/article/341/
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/5-surefire-strategies-
developing-reading-fluency
http://www.readingresource.net/readingfluency.html
http://www.slideshare.net/artman75/fluency-presentation
Fluency leads to comprehension
http://www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview.cgi?LPid=13660
https://dibels.uoregon.edu/

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