1. TheGreatDepression Causes and Effects

2. Causes 1. False Prosperity 2. Speculation 3. Stock Market Crash 4. Banking Crisis 5. Unemployment 6. Trade Collapse 7. Republican Policy

4. Overproduction in textiles, farming, autos

5. 60% population earned less than the $2000 poverty minimum

7. Only 1.5m of 120m population were investors

8. Charles Mitchell of National City Bank: "I know of nothing fundamentally wrong with the stock market." (Oct. 21, 1929)Speculation

10. Oct. 23 - J.P. Morgan buys to stop price decline

11. Oct. 24 - panic selling began - 12.8m shares

14. Rose to 25-35% of total labor force

15. 80% in Toledo

16. Farm income declined 60%

18. Weimar Republic unable to pay reparations or U.S. banks loans

20. Laissez-Faire

21. Balanced budget

22. Trickle down

23. Voluntarism

25. Breakdown of families

26. Soaring high school dropout rates (2 to 4 million)

27. Homelessness

28. Organized protests

29. Around the country, the homeless built settlements of cardboard and tar-paper shacks, called "Hoovervilles" in reference to President Hoover

31. Effects

32. Unemployment grew to record proportions. 1 in 4 people were unable to find work.

33. People waited in all day lines at the unemployment office.

34. Lines would wrap around the buildings and hardly move at all.

35. If you were lucky enough to get in, you would be interviewed to determine your need.

36. With word of banks failing, people stormed the banks, demanding their savings.

37. Unable to withdraw their money from the banks, and not getting enough unemployment to live off of, people had no choice but to sell their farms.

38. There were huge evacuation auctions where people sold all of their possessions.

39. Many people packed up everything they had left and lived out of their cars.

41. This car was the home for a family of nine.

44. They traveled from place to place willing to do any type of work. All they worried about was how they were going to get their next meal.

45. Many performed intense manual labor on farms. Picking cotton was one of the hardest jobs.

46. Dust storms continually popped up due to severe droughts. This one was in eastern Colorado.

47. The sand would pelt your face and sting your skin. It would often block out the sun and make noontime seem like midnight.

48. Those who couldn’t sell their farms simply abandoned them. These were in Oklahoma.

54. Farmers hurriedly built fences to keep the sand away from their farm houses and to protect their livestock.

55. Sand drifts would pile up along the roads and fences. This was taken in Texas.

56. This used to be a road. Again, in Texas.

57. Shanty towns, or “Hoovervilles” began popping up along major highways.

58. People made make-shift shelters out of whatever material they could find.

61. The government set land aside where people could establish tent cities, small communities of homeless people living under tents.

62. In these tent cities, people were unable to bath, there was poor sanitation, and everything was dirty.

64. Proud men were forced to humble themselves and stand in line at soup kitchens.

66. On special occasions, some families may have gotten some food. This is Christmas dinner in a “Hooverville”.

67. Then there were the children

78. Analyzing the Images

83. Hoover vs. FDR

85. Orphaned at an early age

86. Very bright

87. Worked his way through Stanford University

89. Conducted relief efforts in Europe during and after WWI

90. Earned a stellar reputation for efficiency and diplomacy

91. Very popular politician

93. Privileged Child: Family name was well known

94. Married Eleanor Roosevelt - TR's Niece

96. Ran for Vice-President in 1920 with James Cox

97. Struck down by polio in 1921

98. Paralyzed from the waist down

99. Dropped out of public life for 7 years

100. Left him with a strong empathy for suffering

101. Got into politics in 1928 - elected governor of NY