Apresentação sobre os descobrimentos Portugueses

1. Comenius Project -2012/14
MONSERRATE SECONDARY SCHOOL
Viana do Castelo
Portuguese
Discoveries
COLONIAL
EMPIRE
beginning, rise and fall

2. MARITIME EXPANSION
Prince Henrique (1390-
1460) was the patron and
inspirer of the first
Portuguese navigation
voyages. He launch
Portugal in an era of
discoveries between the
fifteenth and sixteenth
centuries that would give
the country an worldwide
empire.

3. MAP OF THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES
This Empire spanned through three continents: Africa, Asia and South America.
The faraway places reached by Portuguese navigators allowed contact with other civilizations and cultures, the
establishment of trade routes and the huge contribution to the acquisition of new knowledge.

4. Impelled by their thirst of knowledge and the richness that they could conquer, the Portuguese
spread around the world.
Let us make a brief "trip" through history, knowing the great moments in the maritime
expansion.

5. CONQUEST OF CEUTA-1415
The achievement of this Muslim city in the North of Africa
is considered by most historians as the beginning of the Portuguese expansion.

6. Madeira
1419/20-REDISCOVERY OF PORTO SANTO AND MADEIRA ISLANDS
Rediscovery, since there were already knowledge about its existence.
Navigators: João Gonçalves Zarco (Madeira), Tristão Vaz Teixeira (Porto Santo)
Nowadays these islands are major tourist destinations – this because of its climate, exceptional
landscape and several other attractions.

7. 1427-AÇORES’S DISCOVERY
Volcanic origin archipelago composed of nine islands.
Its discovery could have been casual during a return trip from Africa coast.
As Madeira archipelago, it is now national territory and also a great tourist
destination.

8. 1434- CABO BOJADOR PASSING TROUGH
It was folded for the first time by Gil Eanes.
The legends of the “Terrified Sea" hovered the sailors imagination.
People believed that was the point of the African coast where lied the end of
the known world. From there life was not possible, the sea was not deep
enough for navigation and currents were very strong.
When fears were broken, exploring the coast becomes "easier".

9. THE WESTERN COAST OF AFRICA
Slowly and methodically, Portuguese navigators were heading south of Cabo Bojador.
Between 1435 and 1485, the better knowledge of the seas and navigation techniques, lead the way to new lands. Arguin becomes the first
trading post on the African coast.
Arriving to southernmost of Africa in 1487, Bartolomeu Dias reaches the great cape - Cape of Storms or Cape of the Good Hope. He demystify
the legend of Adamastor giant.

10. Moçambique
Angola
Oceano
Pacífico
Oceano
Atlântico
Portugal
Diogo Cao arrives to Zaire in 1484
by starting the conquest of this
region, including ANGOLA.
Its occupation truly happens in the
XVI century.
Vasco da Gama on his voyage to
India, arrives Mozambican coast in
1498. Around the ear of 1505 starts
the Portuguese penetration and
fixation in MOZAMBIQUE.
These were the two largest Portuguese
colonies in Africa.

11. 1494-TORDESILHAS’S TREATY
.
The dispute and possession of the discovered and to discover lands led kings of Portugal and Castile (Spain) to a negotiating
process. In this treaty, the world was divided into two parts by a meridian passing 370 leagues west of Cabo Verde: the
lands to the east of this meridian would be Portuguese; lands to the west would Castilian.

12. 1498 - DISCOVERY OF THE MARITIME WAY TO ÍNDIA
Vasco da Gama, after passing the legendary Cape of Good Hope and land in Mozambique, catches sight of Calicut.
Was discovered the sea route to Índia, connecting the West to East!
This was one of the great achievements of the Portugal "golden age".
It was assured the transit to Europe of spices and other rare products.

13. 1500 – BRASIL’S DISCOVERY
In a second expedition to India, Pedro Alvares Cabral, maybe becouse he took a wrong route, arrives into Brasil.
Over three centuries, populating and braving the discovered lands, the Portuguese exploit the natural resources found there (gold,
sugar, timber, coffee, etc.)
Brasil

14. PORTUGUESE ARRIVAL TO THE FAR EAST
From India, arrived into China. Were the first Europeans to reach JAPAN
(1542). In 1557 Portuguese set-up in Macau.

15. The End Of The Empire
After many centurys of existency, whit the developments narrated here, the Portuguese Empire
comes to na end.
- The Islands of Madeira and Açores remained nacional territory.
- In 1822, Brazil, achieved it´s independence.
-In 1961 the India Unian Army invaded and anexed the territories of Goa, Damão e Diu.
- Portugal gave back Macau to China in 1999.
- The Democratic regime, instaured in Portugal in 1974, recognizes the indenpendency of the
other colonies.