SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  177
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
International BW and Data Market :
Compilation and Summary
Dr.Ir.Joko Suryana
Lab of RadioTelecommunications and Microwave
School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
INSTITUTTEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Market Drivers of New Cable
• Market Opportunities
• Global IPTraffic Growth
• RegionalTraffic Demand
• International Internet Bandwidth Growth,
2009–2013
• International InternetTraffic Growth by
Region, 2008–2012 (CAGR &Tbps)
• DemandTraffic &Traffic Direction
• Asia Pacific
• Europe
• US & Canada
• Middle East
• Regional Inbound/OutboundTraffic
Forecast 2014 – 2023
• Asia
• US
• Europe
• Traffic of Fixed, Mobile & Managed IP
• Regional Submarine Infrastructure
• TotalActivatedCapacity 2007-2012
• Capacity (Time MY)
• Proposed Routes
• Transpacific Cables
• SouthAsia & Middle East/Europe-
Asia
• Intra Asia
• China
• Australia, NZ, Hawaii & Guam
OUTLINE
• South East Asian Countries ICT Profiles
• International BW Demand
• Asia BW Usage
• ICT Profiles
• Cambodia
• Indonesia
• Laos
• Malaysia
• Myanmar
• Philippines
• Singapore
• Thailand
• Vietnam
• Summary
• International BW
• Bandwidth Pricing
• Fixed and Mobile Broadband
• Summary of Middle East Contries Profiles
• Demographical Status
• Telecom Revenues Contributions & Growth
• Telecom Penetration Rate
• InternationalConnectivity and BW
• TrafficGrowth in MENA Region
• InternationalVoiceTraffic
• Inbound – outbound
• Top International Voice Route 2012
• CurrentTrend
• Telecom Subscriber Profiling in Middle East
• Submarine Cables and International
Bandwidth in Middle East
• ICT Maturity Level of Each Country in
Middle East
OUTLINE
• Global Internet Consumption and
Content, Fixed & Mobile
• Monthly Consumption
• Traffic Composition & Changes
• Asia Pacific
• Europe
• US & Canada
• Resilience and Diversity
• Hazards to Submarine Cable
• Vulnerable Choke Points
• Resilience and Diversity in Asia
Pacific Countries
• Resilience and Diversity ofTata
Communications, NTT
Communications &Telstra
• Market Analysis
• Market Size 2011-2012
• Traffic Demand
• Trans Atlantic
• Intra Asia
• Middle East-Europe
• Middle East-Asia
• India-West
• India-East
• Asia-US & Canada
• Capacity Demand Growth vs Price
Decline
• Active SubmarineCable Systems
• Differing Motivations of Key
Competitors
OUTLINE
• New Route for Better New Services
• International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region
• Global HSPA-LTE Growth
• Global Growth of LTE
• World IDD vsVoIP International Traffic
• CDN Revenue vsTraffic
in Asia Pacific
Introduction
International BW and Data Market
Introduction
Market Drivers of New Cable
• Usage growth : fixed, mobile and broadband users growth
• New applications : more valuable content
• Demand vs. Supply : there is a capacity gap between submarine cable providers
and traffic demand
• Emerging markets : developing countries di Asia and Africa
• Route diversity : latency, resilence and disaster recovery plan
• Cost-effectiveness : USD/Mbps
• Technology : more reliable and more speed
Introduction
Market Opportunities
• Asia Pacific - strong demand, low penetration
• Australasia - strong demand but limited population
• Caribbean - regional in-fill
• IndianOcean - intra-regional connectivity
• Latin America - bubbling up
• Mediterranean Africa - connectivity to Europe
• Oceania - development funds available
• Persian Gulf - oil-rich, underserved especially Iraq
• Sub-Saharan Africa - lots of talk, few results
• Transatlantic - supply tightening
Introduction
Global IPTraffic Growth
Source : CISCO,VNI
Introduction
Global IPTraffic Growth
Source : CISCO,VNI
RegionalTraffic Demand
International Internet Bandwidth Growth, 2009–2013
International bw and data market
International bw and data market
DemandTraffic
Asia Pacific
Year
Traffic
(Gbps)
2008 2.248
2009 3.737
2010 6.138
2011 9.571
2012 14.348
Source :Telegeography
Traffic Direction
Asia Pacific
Source :Telegeography
Region
Traffic
Proportion
US & Canada 42 %
Europe 30 %
Africa 1 %
Intra Asia 27 %
Traffic Direction
Asia Pacific
DemandTraffic
Europe
Year
Traffic
(Gbps)
2008 10.857
2009 18.021
2010 27.526
2011 40.648
2012 78.357
Source :Telegeography
Traffic Direction
Europe
Source :Telegeography
Region
Traffic
Proportion
US & Canada 15 %
Asia 7 %
Africa 1 %
Intra Europe 77 %
Traffic Direction
Europe
Source :Telegeography
DemandTraffic
US & Canada
Year
Traffic
(Gbps)
2008 5.071
2009 7.851
2010 11.882
2011 16.646
2012 25.171
Source :Telegeography
Traffic Direction
US & Canada
Region
Traffic
Proportion
Europe 35 %
LATA 25 %
Asia 25 %
Intra USC 15 %
Source :Telegeography
Traffic Direction
US & Canada
Source :Telegeography
DemandTraffic
Middle East
Year
Traffic
(Gbps)
2008 348
2009 729
2010 1.303
2011 2.294
2012 3.448
Source :Telegeography
Traffic Direction
Middle East
Region
Traffic
Proportion
Europe 20 %
US 35 %
Asia 25 %
Intra ME 20 %
Source :Telegeography
Regional
Inbound/OutboundTraffic
Forecast 2014 – 2023
Inbound – Outbound
Asia
• New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that
international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing
from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012.
• 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent)
• Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%,
and 2028-2031:CAGR 5%
• Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
Inbound – Outbound
US
• New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that
international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing
from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012.
• 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent)
• Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%,
and 2028-2031:CAGR 5%
• Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
Inbound – Outbound
Europe
• New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that
international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing
from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012.
• 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent)
• Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%,
and 2028-2031:CAGR 5%
• Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
Traffic of Fixed, Mobile & Managed IP
• In Asia Pacific, mobile data traffic will grow 9-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual growth
rate of 56%.
• In North America, mobile data traffic will grow 17-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual
growth rate of 76%.
• InWestern Europe, mobile data traffic will grow 13-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual
growth rate of 67%
• In Central and Eastern Europe, mobile data traffic will grow 13-fold from 2012 to 2017, a
compound annual growth rate of 66%.
Regional Submarine
Infrastructure
Transpacific Cables
Total Activated
Transpacific Capacity 2007-2012
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Time MY
Trans Pacific Cable Capacity
ProposedTranspacific
South Asia & Middle East /
Europe-Asia
South Asia & Middle East /
Europe-Asia
South Asia & Middle East /
Europe-Asia
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Time MY
South Asia & Middle East/Europe-Asia Cable Capacity
Proposed South Asia & Middle East/Europe-
Asia
Intra Asia
Intra Asia, 2007-2012
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Time MY
Intra Asia Cable Capacity
Proposed Intra Asia
China
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Australia, NZ, Hawaii & Guam
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
South East Asian Countries
ICT Profiles
International BW Demand
Asia BW Usage
Growing Demand
in South East Asia
Cambodian
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Cambodia
1. Delayed development of international connectivity due to historical dependence on satellite.
2. Cambodia is one of the few coastal countries in the world without direct access to a submarine fibre optic
cable; construction and maintenance agreement for Asia‐America Gateway trans‐Pacific cable (2010) did not
provide for a Cambodian landing point, but a new Malaysia‐Cambodia‐Thailand cable is under consideration.
3. Telcotech joined AAG consortium in 2007 but was left to negotiate for bandwidth on the cable through
“reasonably‐priced backhaul agreements” with the cable’s landing parties inThailand andViet Nam;Telcotech
was purchased by Ezecom in 2011 and its terrestrial connectivity to AAG throughThailand and Viet Nam was
expected to be increased from 10 Gbps to 100 Gbps.
4. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Information Highway Project provides terrestrial connectivity to Lao
PDR,Thailand, andViet Nam, operated byTelecom Cambodia.
5. Viettel Cambodia (MilitaryTelecommunications Company) operates dual terrestrial fibre optic paths from
Cambodia toViet Nam.
6. The Cambodia‐Viet Nam High‐SpeedTransmission Line was launched byTelecom Cambodia and VNPT group
in April 2012.
7. TheThailand‐Cambodia‐Viet Nam‐Hong Kong Fibre Highway initiative was announced in March 2012, with
NeocomISP as the Cambodian partner, allowing access to international submarine cables in Hong Kong.
8. As of 2012,Thai operatorTOT and ChinaTelecom were reportedly exploring a partnership to build terrestrial
fibre links between Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Russia,Thailand, and Viet Nam.
9. The governments of Cambodia and Lao PDR signed a memorandum of understanding in 2013 to improve fibre
optic connectivity between the two countries.
10. The proposed Cambodian submarine cable project (2008) did not move forward.
Indonesia
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Indonesia
1. Not well‐served by interregional submarine cable systems: Indonesia’s only
intercontinental/interregional link is SEA‐ME‐WE‐3, which is 14 years old and
connects 33 countries in Europe,Africa, Asia, and Australia.
2. Between 2003 and 2010, six submarine cable systems were constructed between
Indonesia and Singapore, and further submarine connectivity was constructed to
Malaysia andThailand.
3. As a result of the half‐dozen Indonesia‐Singapore links constructed within the last
decade, the majority of Indonesia’s international Internet bandwidth now transits
throughSingapore.
4. Industry observers in Indonesia have pointed to its comparative shortage of direct
interregional bandwidth as potentially placing the country at a competitive
disadvantage versus Malaysia and Singapore in capturing foreign IT investment.
5. The Asia‐America Gateway (AAG) submarine cable entered service in January of
2010, and although it does not land in Indonesia, PTTelekomunikasi Indonesia is a
member of the consortium and accesses the cable via the 55‐kilometre
Batam‐Singapore Cable System (BSCS), constructed in 2009.
6. Limited Interregional connectivity and strong dependence on Singapore for transit
capacity
LaoPDR
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Lao PDR
1. Lao PDR‐China terrestrial cable crosses the border at Boten (linking to China
Telecom at 2 Gbps)
2. Lao PDR‐Thailand terrestrial cable via Friendship Bridge I (linking to CATTelecom
at 5 Gbps)
3. Lao PDR‐Thailand terrestrial cable via Friendship Bridge II (linking to CATTelecom
at 2 Gbps)
4. Lao PDR‐Viet Nam terrestrial cable (Dansavanh‐Lao Bao) (linking toVNPT
subsidiary Viet Nam Data Communication (VDC) at 5 Gbps)
5. Lao PDR‐Viet Nam terrestrial cable (Namphao‐CauTreo) (linking toVDC at 5
Gbps)
6. Lao PDR‐Cambodia terrestrial cable atVeun Kham (linking to Cambodia Telecom
at 2.5 Gbps)
7. Trans‐border links form part of China‐Southeast Asia Cable and Greater Mekong
Subregion Information Highway Project, thereby providing onward connectivity
to Malaysia and Singapore.
8. No direct Interregional connectivity; terrestrial trans‐border links operate at low
Malaysia
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Malaysia
1. Benefited from Europe‐Asia submarine cables (FLAG Europe‐Asia and SEA‐ME‐WE‐3) in late 1990s,
SAFE cable to SouthAfrica in 2002, and SEA‐ME‐WE‐4 in 2005.
2. Pan‐EastAsian regional connectivity provided by APCN‐2 (2002) andAsia Submarine‐cable Express
(2012);Telekom Malaysia retained two fibre pairs in the latter, which comprise “Cahaya Malaysia”.
3. TheAsia‐America Gateway (AAG) entered service in 2010 and provides direct connectivity from
Malaysia and Southeast Asia to the United States.
4. Malaysian operatorTime dotCom is a 10% shareholder in the trans‐Pacific Unity system between Japan
and the United States.
5. Konsortium Renkaian Serantau (KRS) (Regional Network Consortium) was formed by 24 Malaysian
operators in 2011 with the goal of driving down the price of international bandwidth; KRS also
considered the construction of a trans‐Pacific submarine cable to the United States.
6. Regional submarine cables serving Malaysia include Malaysia‐Thailand, Malaysia‐Thailand East and
West, the East‐West SubmarineCable System, the Dumai‐MelakaCable System (DMCS), the
Batam‐RengitCable System (BRCS), and the Batam‐Duamai‐MalaccaCable System (BDM).
7. Terrestrial links to bothThailand and Singapore are operated byTelekom Malaysia, and theTime
dotCom Cross‐Peninsular Cable System (CPCS) also links to those two countries.
8. Malaysia benefits from strong links to its regional neighbours, as well as good connectivity to Europe,
Africa, and North America.
Myanmar
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Myanmar
1. Myanmar’s primary international link is the SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 submarine cable, on which two
10‐Gbps wavelengths are reportedly lit.
2. Terrestrial links provide trans‐border connectivity to China,Thailand, and India.
3. Myanmar Posts andTelecommunications (MPT) and Bangladesh SubmarineCable Company
Limited (BSCCL) are implementing a terrestrial link between Myanmar and the SEA‐ME‐WE‐4
cable station in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh in order for both countries to take advantage of each
other’s submarine cable connections.
4. A $40 million branch to Myanmar on the proposed SEA‐ME‐WE‐5 submarine cable has
reportedly been financed by China Unicom, leading to speculation that Chinese operators may
use the branch as a redundant path for westbound Chinese demand, or as a platform for future
Chinese investment in Myanmar’s newly liberalized telecommunications market, or will sell
transit capacity to South Asian markets such as India and Bangladesh.
5. CATTelecom ofThailand is reportedly exploring the construction of a $41‐million, 800‐kilometre
link between Satun,Thailand and Dawei, Myanmar, the planned site of a deepwater port and
special economic zone.
6. Current International connectivity is primarily through the SEA‐MEWE‐3 cable, which was
constructed in 1999; however, a link to SEAME‐WE‐4 via Bangladesh and the construction of a
branch on the proposed SEA ME‐WE‐5 cable would improve connectivity.
Philliphines
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Philippines
1. PLDT operates three international submarine cable landing stations: Batangas City (for the
APCN‐2 and SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 cables); Buang, La Union (for the trans‐Pacific Asia‐America
Gateway cable); and Daet, Camarines Norte (for Asia Submarine‐cable Express).
2. GlobeTelecom operates two international submarine cable landing stations: Ballesteros,
Cagayan (forTGN Intra‐Asia) and Nasugbu, Batangas (for the Southeast Asia‐Japan Cable).
3. Pacnet’s pan‐Asian EAC‐C2C cable network has dual landings in the Philippines, in Capepisa,
Cavite and in Nasugbu, Batangas.
4. The country benefits from multiple submarine cable landing stations in different parts of the
northern Philippines, offering single‐system connectivity to Asia, Europe, Australia, Africa,
and North America.
Singapore
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Singapore
1. Singapore is currently served by nine interregional submarine cable systems, with an
additional cable under construction and scheduled for activation in 2013.
2. An additional six submarine cable systems connect Singapore to its closest neighbours:
Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore.
3. Fibre links via Singapore’s causeway and bridge connect the country to Malaysian
terrestrial networks.
4. Singapore is a regional bandwidth hub and benefits from abundant, first‐class
intercontinental and regional connectivity; however, from an International perspective,
its concentration of undersea cables is viewed by some as a global “choke point”.
Thailand
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Thailand
1. Thailand is served by the major Europe‐Asia submarine cables
(FLAG Europe‐Asia, SEA‐ME‐WE‐3, and SEAME‐WE‐4), as well
as the Asia‐America Gateway (AAG) trans‐Pacific system.
2. To date,Thailand has not participated in any of the major
pan‐EastAsian submarine cable projects, althoughCAT has
invested in the proposedAsia‐PacificGateway project, which
would enter service in 2014.
3. Trans‐border fibre optic links connectThailand to each of its
neighbours; its links to Malaysia, which provide onward
connectivity to Singapore, are particularly popular among
operators seeking to avoid the high IP transit costs charged by
CAT for the country’s submarine cable infrastructure.
4. CAT’s reported control over the country’s somewhat limited
intercontinental submarine infrastructure has led many operators
to utilize terrestrial links to Singapore.
Vietnam
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
Vietnam
1. Until recently,Viet Nam’s primary international connection was the SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 cable,
although the activation of theTGN Intra‐Asia submarine cable in 2009 and the
trans‐PacificAsia‐America Gateway cable the following year resulted in a dramatic
increase in international capacity.
2. Viet Nam has not participated in most regional pan‐Asian systems, but a new project, the
Asia‐PacificGateway, would feature the participation of threeVietnamese investors and
enter service in 2014.
3. Viet Nam has terrestrial fibre optic links to each of its three neighbours (Cambodia, Lao
PDR, and China), including connectivity via the Greater Mekong Subregion Information
Highway Project and the China‐SoutheastAsia Cable.
4. Viet Nam’s submarine cable connectivity is significantly less than other Asian nations.
Summary
International BW
Country International Bandwidth CAGR BW/capita
Summary
International BW
Country International Bandwidth CAGR BW/capita
Summary
Bandwidth Pricing
Summary
Fixed and Mobile Broadband
Summary
Fixed and Mobile Broadband
Summary
Fixed and Mobile Broadband
Summary of Middle East
Contries Profiles
Demographical Status of Middle East Countries
Telecom Revenue Contributions
Telecom Revenue Growth 2008-2012
Telecom Penetration Rate
in MENA
Telecom Penetration Rate in MENA
Source :Telegeography
International Connectivity and BW in MENA
Traffic Growth in MENA Region
Source :Telegeography
International VoiceTraffic
Inbound and Outbond
Source :Telegeography
Top InternationalVoice Route
2012
Source :Telegeography
CurrentTrend
Middle East :
telecom subscriber profiling
Internet User Penetration Rates
in Middle East
Internet Users in Middle East
Mobile Phone Penetration Rates
in Middle East
Mobile Subscribers
in Middle East
Fixed Line Penetration Rates
in Middle East
Fixed Line Subscribers
in Middle East
Fixed Broadband Penetration Rates
in Middle East
Fixed Broadband Subscribers
in Middle East
Wireless Broadband Penetration Rates
in Middle East
Mobile Broadband Subscribers in Middle
East
Middle east :
submarine cable and bandwith
Submarine Cable with Landing Points in Middle
East
Number of Connected Submarine Cable
per Country
International Internet Bandwidth in
Middle East
CAGR of International Internet BW in Middle East
Source :Telegeography
Internet Exchange in Middle East Country
Internet Hosts per 10000 inhabitant di Middle East
Middle east :
ict maturity level
ICT Maturity Level : #1
• Maturity level 1: Iraq, Libya, the Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, and
Yemen
• This lowest level of maturity is characterized by the following:
• (a) low ICT penetration rates and unattractive telecom market conditions
that discourage personal and business usage;
• (b) scarce international connectivity to the Internet backbone;
• (c) poor Internet infrastructure and low dissemination, especially for
broadband, inadequate national backbone and limited number of
Internet players in the market.
• As compared to 2011, the Syrian Arab Republic was downgraded to
this level due to the negative effects of the ongoing armed conflict
on its infrastructure. Libya was rated in this level as well due to its
damaged ICT infrastructure as a result of the 2011 revolution.
ICT Maturity Level : #2
• Maturity level 2: Egypt, Morocco, Palestine, andTunisia
• This level of maturity is characterized by the following:
• (a) average ICT penetration rates and increasingly attractive telecom market conditions for
personal and business usage;
• (b) developing international connectivity to the Internet backbone;
• (c) improving Internet infrastructure and fair dissemination of broadband services, adequate
national backbone and active Internet players market.
• Member countries classified in this level retained their status from 2011 while the
new member countries Morocco andTunisia attained this level in 2013.
ICT Maturity Level : #3
• Maturity level 3: Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Oman
• This level of maturity is characterized by the following:
• (a) above-average ICT penetration rates and attractive telecom market conditions
promoting personal and business usage;
• (b) solid international connectivity to the Internet backbone;
• (c) comparatively good Internet infrastructure and strong broadband Internet
dissemination, good national backbone and active Internet players market.
• Lebanon stepped forward to this level since 2011 owing to notable growth in its
mobile phone services, elevated Internet penetration growth rates, especially for
fixed and mobile broadband, introduction of mobile broadband services, and
massive growth in international Internet bandwidth.
ICT Maturity Level : #4
• 4. Maturity level 4: Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates
• This level of maturity is characterized by the following:
• (a) world-class ICT penetration rates and very attractive telecom market conditions
promoting personal and business usage;
• (b) highly developed international connectivity to the Internet backbone;
• (c) very strong Internet infrastructure and elevated broadband Internet dissemination,
world-class national backbone and recognized Internet players.
• Saudi Arabia attained this level in 2013 owing to its elevated penetration rates and
usage level, especially for broadband Internet services and a favourable and
competitive telecom sector.
ICT Maturity Ranking in Middle East
Country
Global Internet
Consumption & Content
Global Internet Consumption and Content 2013
• Asia-Pacific mobile networks crossed a significant threshold, with average monthly mobile
usage now exceeding 1 gigabyte.This consumption is driven by streaming audio and video,
which accounts for 50% of peak downstream traffic.
• In US&Canada, the dominance of Real-Time Entertainment is due in large part to the
continued market leadership of Netflix andYouTube, which when combined now account
for over half of the downstream traffic during peak period.
• In other regions such as Europe and Asia,YouTube continues to be the largest single source
of Real-Time Entertainment traffic on both fixed and mobile access networks, which makes
it the leading source of Internet traffic in the entire world.
• In Europe, Netflix, less than two years since launch, now accounts for over 20% of
downstream traffic on certain fixed networks in the British Isles. It took almost four years
for Netflix to achieve 20% of data traffic in the United States.
Traffic Category
Traffic Category
Internet Consumption &
Contents
ASIA Pacific 2013
Monthly Consumption 2013
Asia Pacific, Fixed
Traffic Composition 2013
Asia Pacific, Fixed
Monthly Consumption 2013
Asia Pacific, Mobile
Traffic Composition 2013
Asia Pacific, Mobile
Internet Consumption &
Contents
Europe 2013
Monthly Consumption 2013
Europe, Fixed
Traffic Composition 2013
Europe, Fixed
Monthly Consumption 2013
Europe, Mobile
Traffic Composition 2013
Europe, Mobile
Internet Consumption &
Contents
US & Canada 2013
Monthly Consumption 2013
US & Canada, Fixed
Traffic Composition 2013
US & Canada, Fixed
Monthly Consumption 2013
US & Canada, Mobile
Traffic Composition 2013
US & Canada, Mobile
Resilience and Diversity
Hazards to Submarine Cable
• Submarine cables are susceptible to damage. Cable systems may be
disrupted for a number of reasons, each of which has a different profile in
terms of the likelihood that their occurrence could damage the overall
network performance of an economy.
• The hazards to submarine cable-bound communication can be categorized
into three groups:
• natural hazards to the cables themselves
• man-made hazards to the cables themselves
• hazards to the remaining infrastructure, especially landing stations and IT network
management systems.
Natural Hazards
to Submarine Cables
• Natural causes for cable disruptions are quite unusual.They include
current abrasions and earthquakes which cause around 12% of all faults.
• Only in water depths of more than 1000 m are they the major cause of
damage to submarine cables. However, when they happen they usually
cause devastating damage, often to a large number of cables.
• This makes them much more hazardous to the overall network
performance than those hazards which affect only single cables.
• Typical events in this category are:
• Submarine earthquakes, fault lines and related landslides break or bury cables
• Density currents break or bury cables
• Currents and waves cause abrasion, stress and fatigue of material
• Tsunami, storm surge and sea level rise cause damage to coastal installations
• Extreme weather (e.g. hurricanes) breaks or buries cables
• Rarely icebergs or volcanic activities cause damage to cables
Man-made Hazards
to Submarine Cables
• In comparison to natural hazards, man-made causes for submarine cable disruption
count for the far larger number of events and are more likely to occur.
• Around 70% of all cable faults are caused by fishing and anchoring in depths of less
than 200 m.
• In water depths of less than 1000 m human activity is the main hazard to submarine
cables, natural impacts cause less than 10% of cable damage in this area.
• Globally, 100-150 cables are broken per year by fishing or anchoring.
• Man-made hazards typically only affect those parts of the cables which are close to
land and where they are in relatively shallow water and therefore in the range of
ships’ nets and anchors.
Hazards to Landing Stations,
Maintenance Ships and the IT
Environment
• Interestingly, most debates and publications about dangers to submarine
cable systems only focus on the cables themselves.
• However, since the cable infrastructure constitutes just one component of
the overall communications system, other parts of the network have to be
taken into account as well.
Vulnerable Choke Points
• Three especially vulnerable choke points that require special attention were
identified:
• The Strait of Malacca between Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia;
• The Strait of Luzon between ChineseTaipei and the Philippines
• The South China Sea.
Geographic Diversity by New Cable Routes
Between Europe and Asia through the Arctic
Sea
• These new cable systems in particular will considerably improve overall network
stability and resilience:
• Their route through the Arctic region avoids areas which are infamous for being failure-
prone "choke points" such as the Luzon Strait near ChineseTaipei, the Strait of Malacca
between Indonesia and Malaysia, and the South China Sea as well as the Suez Canal.
• The cables create an entirely new redundant route as a geographic alternative to the
existing cables.
• These new cables will improve the network stability by following routes that are much less
likely to be struck by the most common disruptions, man-made hazards, as they are far
away from traditional shipping and fishing routes.
• A second major benefit in addition to increased overall network resilience will be a
reduced latency for connections between Europe and Asia.
Easing geographic congestion for
Australia and New Zealand by adding new
routes
• Another group of cable systems will create additional and, more importantly,
geographically diverse connections for Australia and to some extent indirectly for New
Zealand.As both economies are islands, they are entirely dependent on submarine cables
for their participation in the global data network.
• The Australian continent is currently mainly connected at the east coast with all cables
landing in one regional beacon, the area around Sydney.This includes Southern Cross,
Australia-JapanCable,Telstra Endeavour and PIPE PPC-1.
• There is just one cable on the west coast, SeaMeWe-3, landing in Perth, but this is a
relatively old cable built in 1999 with only a very limited capacity of 90 Gbps.
• Only two cables have a direct connection to the main sources of internet traffic: SeaMeWe-
3 directly connectsAustralia and Europe and Southern Cross is the only direct connection to
the US mainland.
Reducing risks at the Luzon Strait for Chinese
Taipei using new direct cable links to China
• The Luzon Strait between ChineseTaipei Island and Luzon Island
(Philippines) is an area of high cable density but also of frequent disruptions
as it is very prone to earthquakes.
• Virtually all important cables linking ChineseTaipei to the world go through
this choke point.
• The high geographic concentration of cables and a lack of alternative cables
and routes imply a certain risk of loss of traffic and decline in connection
speed and quality, as events such as earthquakes or storms may harm
several cables at once.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• Australia will potentially have improved geographic diversity in the coming
years due to a number of proposed additional submarine cables.
• This will reduce both the effects of submarine cable faults and possibly also the price
level domestic users have to pay for bandwidth.
• Brunei is well connected given its size with two landing stations, three
submarine cable systems and the possibility of overland connectivity to
Malaysia.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• China has reduced its reliance on submarine cables by the establishment of a direct
overland connection to Europe via Russia.
• Furthermore, it is linked via an overland connection to Hong Kong, China and its multitude
of submarine cable systems and has its own access to seven submarine cable systems, with
three further ones planned to land at ten landing stations.
• It is thus well covered even accounting for its exploding bandwidth growth.
• Hong Kong, China: As a major internet (and trade) hub, submarine cable
connectivity is of special economic importance.
• However, this means traffic outages are likely to have a severe impact on other South-East
Asian economies as well. Overall connectivity is thus very large and important not only to
Hong Kong, China itself but also to the region in general.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• Indonesia: Due to its geographic position and the routing of international
traffic and most submarine cables, Indonesia heavily relies on Singapore as
a hub for international connectivity.
• Otherwise, Indonesia should build new submarine route which for providing alternate
diversity and also picking up internet traffic at East Region of Indonesia
• Japan:The earthquake in March 2011 has shown that Japan’s submarine
cable infrastructure is vulnerable to such events but sufficiently protected
by various measures to control major effects on traffic.
• However, withTokyo as a major international traffic hub, Japan’s international
connectivity is also important to other economies in the region.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• Korea: Even though not an island, Korea’s reliance on submarine cables is island-
like due to the lack of availability of an overland route through North Korea.
• It is one of the largest bandwidth users in the region but has access to a geographically
diverse network.
• It has access to five submarine cables with four additional ones being planned landing at a
total of three locations.
• Malaysia can easily establish overland connectivity to Singapore, one of the main
internet hubs in the region.
• Malaysia has access to nine submarine cable systems with two more planned for landing at
four geographically different points.
• In addition landing points in Brunei Darussalam can be utilized.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• New Zealand has only access to one submarine cable in scope today (also to a
smaller one linking it to Australia), which however is built in such a way that it
provides redundancy as if it were two separate cables (ring structure). In addition,
two more submarine cable systems are planned.These cables land at three
different landing points.
• Papua New Guinea relies on submarine cables like an island.The deployment of
connectivity to Guam - where various submarine cable systems land - provides an
alternative route to the one to Australia.
• With two landing stations and two submarine cable systems, connectivity is redundant
especially when taking into account Papua New Guinea’s very low demand for bandwidth.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• The Philippines: Due to many submarine cables landing on the Philippines
while passing by, international capacity far exceeds domestic demand.
• There are six different landing points for submarine cables, all but one on the western
coast.This also prevents the Philippines from being able to offer a fully redundant
overland alternative to cables passing through the Strait of Luzon, one of the
bottlenecks in the region.
• Singapore, the other significant data hub in South East Asia besides Hong
Kong, China is connected by a multitude of submarine cables.
• Thus, capacity is not only serving domestic needs. No threat or area needing
improvement is identified by the model, although the situation in the Strait of Malacca
should be closely monitored.
Resilience and Diversity
ASPAC Countries
• ChineseTaipei is another of the few economies in scope where further submarine
cables could decrease the effects of large submarine cable outages.The reliance on
cables passing through the Strait of Luzon is high today but alternative cables
towards China are being planned.
• However, an additional cable on this side may be helpful to establish full redundancy and to
avoid loss of any traffic towards the end of the decade after outages in the Strait of Luzon.
• Thailand has access to submarine cables both on its western as well as on its
eastern coast, even though some are of limited capacity. In addition, overland
capacity to Singapore is an option.
• Thailand thus has sufficient redundant cables.Thailand could be able to offer an overland
alternative to cables passing through the Strait of Malacca, one of the bottlenecks in the
region.
Resilience and Diversity
Tata Communications
Resilience and Diversity
NTT Communications
Resilience and Diversity
Telstra
Market Analysis
Market Size 2011-2012
Route
Market Size
2011 (Gbps)
Market Size
2012 (Gbps)
Trans Atlantic 13000 18600
IntraAsia 9500 13360
Middle East-West 600 880
Middle East-East 220 330
India-West 700 1060
India-East 570 880
Asia-US&Canada 8500 11760
Traffic Demand :
Trans Atlantic
Europe US & Canada
Traffic Demand :
Intra Asia
Asia X AsiaY
Traffic Demand :
Middle East-Europe
Middle East Europe
Traffic Demand :
Middle East-Asia
Middle East Asia
Traffic Demand :
India-West
South Asia Europe/ME
Traffic Demand :
India-East
South Asia East Asia
Traffic Demand :
Asia – US & Canada
Asia – US & Canada (Tbps )
Asia US&Canada
Capacity Demand Growth vs Price
Decline
Active Submarine Cable Systems
Differing Motivations of Key Competitors
Each route has
different key
players and
different
demand and
price dynamics
Differing Motivations of Key Competitors
Each route has
different key
players and
different
demand and
price dynamics
New Route for Better New
Services
International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region
Source: HotTelecoms, LAPI ITB
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Asia 44 66 91 128 172 196 233 269 302 335 371 405 439 473 508
Europe 44 66 95 119 157 180 210 239 269 296 326 355 384 413 442
North America 22 29 44 62 71 85 99 112 125 139 152 165 178 192 205
Latin America 1 4 7 11 20 22 27 33 38 42 48 53 57 62 68
MEA 1 4 7 11 22 24 30 36 42 46 53 58 64 69 75
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
Billion Minutes
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Asia 4.990 6.710 7.622 9.065 10.496 11.787 13.044 14.472 15.782 17.093 18.441 19.791
Europe 4.645 6.108 7.003 8.183 9.325 10.483 11.542 12.721 13.839 14.961 16.085 17.228
North America 2.409 2.753 3.295 3.875 4.369 4.852 5.411 5.923 6.427 6.953 7.478 7.988
Latin America 430 774 852 1.060 1.282 1.477 1.640 1.860 2.051 2.238 2.433 2.634
MEA 430 860 920 1.158 1.412 1.635 1.810 2.064 2.278 2.488 2.707 2.935
-
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
Gbps
International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region
Source: HotTelecoms, LAPI ITB
Assumed:
• LTETraffic
• HD and SD voice ratio = 30:70
• Voice activity : 15 hours per day
Global HSPA-LTE Growth
Global Growth of LTE
World IDD vsVoIP InternationalTraffic
Sumber: HotTelecoms
CDN Revenue vsTraffic
in Asia Pacific
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue 314 417 583 806 1.08 1.36 1.60 1.77 2.00 2.22 2.45 2.67 2.89 3.12 3.34
Traffic 9 14 22 34 52 72 99 102 117 132 147 162 176 191 206
-
50
100
150
200
250
-
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
4.000
Traffic(1000xPB)
Revenue(MillionUSD)
Source: InformaTelecoms & Media, LAPI ITB.
ThankYou

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and Outsourcing
Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and OutsourcingIndoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and Outsourcing
Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and OutsourcingAmirhossein Ghanbari
 
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptx
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptxConnecting cape town v3.0.pptx
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptxBrian Pinnock
 
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715Ann Treacy
 
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next steps
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next stepsSmall cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next steps
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next stepsElizabeth Carter
 
LTE Spectrum Strategies
LTE Spectrum Strategies LTE Spectrum Strategies
LTE Spectrum Strategies Tom Wehmeier
 
Legal innovation in submarine cable systems
Legal innovation in submarine cable systemsLegal innovation in submarine cable systems
Legal innovation in submarine cable systemsMike Conradi
 
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?Dave Russel: Why Fiber?
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?Ann Treacy
 
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015Boaz Rein
 
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possible
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possibleFTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possible
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possibleIDATE DigiWorld
 
LTE differentiation:
LTE differentiation:LTE differentiation:
LTE differentiation:Wi-Fi 360
 
Carrier Hotels and Network Neutrality
Carrier Hotels and Network NeutralityCarrier Hotels and Network Neutrality
Carrier Hotels and Network NeutralityJohn R Savageau
 
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharing
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharingOpen Access Network: Infrastructure sharing
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharingHedi Hmida (PhD)
 
CANTO Presentation July 2009
CANTO Presentation July 2009CANTO Presentation July 2009
CANTO Presentation July 2009Ian Lenathen
 
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...Hedi Hmida (PhD)
 

Tendances (20)

Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and Outsourcing
Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and OutsourcingIndoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and Outsourcing
Indoor multi operator solutions - Network sharing and Outsourcing
 
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptx
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptxConnecting cape town v3.0.pptx
Connecting cape town v3.0.pptx
 
Submarine cable
Submarine cableSubmarine cable
Submarine cable
 
Interconnection Evolution
Interconnection EvolutionInterconnection Evolution
Interconnection Evolution
 
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715
Paul Solsrud: Cooperative network services broadband considerations 111715
 
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next steps
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next stepsSmall cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next steps
Small cell backhaul: progress, challenges and next steps
 
Alessio Murroni - Cambium Networks - Rural Broadband: Connect the Unconnected...
Alessio Murroni - Cambium Networks - Rural Broadband: Connect the Unconnected...Alessio Murroni - Cambium Networks - Rural Broadband: Connect the Unconnected...
Alessio Murroni - Cambium Networks - Rural Broadband: Connect the Unconnected...
 
LTE Spectrum Strategies
LTE Spectrum Strategies LTE Spectrum Strategies
LTE Spectrum Strategies
 
Legal innovation in submarine cable systems
Legal innovation in submarine cable systemsLegal innovation in submarine cable systems
Legal innovation in submarine cable systems
 
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?Dave Russel: Why Fiber?
Dave Russel: Why Fiber?
 
Fundamentals of Mobile Network Sharing
Fundamentals of Mobile Network SharingFundamentals of Mobile Network Sharing
Fundamentals of Mobile Network Sharing
 
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015
Analysis of the global satellite backhaul market april 2015
 
History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
 
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possible
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possibleFTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possible
FTTH Rollout in Rural areas: Make it possible
 
LTE differentiation:
LTE differentiation:LTE differentiation:
LTE differentiation:
 
Carrier Hotels and Network Neutrality
Carrier Hotels and Network NeutralityCarrier Hotels and Network Neutrality
Carrier Hotels and Network Neutrality
 
Economics of Network Sharing
Economics of Network SharingEconomics of Network Sharing
Economics of Network Sharing
 
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharing
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharingOpen Access Network: Infrastructure sharing
Open Access Network: Infrastructure sharing
 
CANTO Presentation July 2009
CANTO Presentation July 2009CANTO Presentation July 2009
CANTO Presentation July 2009
 
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...
 

En vedette

Indonesia Submarine Cables
Indonesia Submarine CablesIndonesia Submarine Cables
Indonesia Submarine CablesMuljati Muli
 
Submarine Cables by Niall Toh
Submarine Cables by Niall TohSubmarine Cables by Niall Toh
Submarine Cables by Niall TohMyNOG
 
Internet Communications: A Look Ahead
Internet Communications: A Look AheadInternet Communications: A Look Ahead
Internet Communications: A Look AheadSkypeConversations
 
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)Sten Tamkivi
 
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...Dr.Joko Suryana
 
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control System
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control SystemPhased Array Radar for Fire Control System
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control SystemDr.Joko Suryana
 
Antena bts multisistem lokal
Antena bts multisistem lokalAntena bts multisistem lokal
Antena bts multisistem lokalDr.Joko Suryana
 
6 S Consultants V1 0
6 S Consultants V1 06 S Consultants V1 0
6 S Consultants V1 0lozlis
 
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-reportAsghar Gholami
 
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa Internet Society
 
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider Bilal Kamal
 
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan Asia
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan AsiaBisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan Asia
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan AsiaDr.Joko Suryana
 

En vedette (20)

Cable landing station
Cable landing stationCable landing station
Cable landing station
 
Indonesia Submarine Cables
Indonesia Submarine CablesIndonesia Submarine Cables
Indonesia Submarine Cables
 
Submarine Cables by Niall Toh
Submarine Cables by Niall TohSubmarine Cables by Niall Toh
Submarine Cables by Niall Toh
 
Media in myanmar
Media in myanmarMedia in myanmar
Media in myanmar
 
Internet Communications: A Look Ahead
Internet Communications: A Look AheadInternet Communications: A Look Ahead
Internet Communications: A Look Ahead
 
Digital Inclusion in Laos
Digital Inclusion in LaosDigital Inclusion in Laos
Digital Inclusion in Laos
 
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)
The Story of Skype (Stanford 2009)
 
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...
Design and Implementation of RSLA Antenna for Mobile DBS Application in Ku-...
 
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control System
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control SystemPhased Array Radar for Fire Control System
Phased Array Radar for Fire Control System
 
Antena bts multisistem lokal
Antena bts multisistem lokalAntena bts multisistem lokal
Antena bts multisistem lokal
 
Alokasi Frekuensi Pada Selular
Alokasi Frekuensi Pada SelularAlokasi Frekuensi Pada Selular
Alokasi Frekuensi Pada Selular
 
E-Government Status of Laos
E-Government Status of LaosE-Government Status of Laos
E-Government Status of Laos
 
6 S Consultants V1 0
6 S Consultants V1 06 S Consultants V1 0
6 S Consultants V1 0
 
Secure modem design
Secure modem designSecure modem design
Secure modem design
 
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report
2014 submarine-cable-market-industry-report
 
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa
International Bandwidth and Pricing Trends in Sub-Sahara Africa
 
Bisnis lte di indonesia
Bisnis lte di indonesiaBisnis lte di indonesia
Bisnis lte di indonesia
 
Alokasi frekuensi
Alokasi frekuensiAlokasi frekuensi
Alokasi frekuensi
 
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider
RedTone Tier-1 Internet Capacity through Direct Submarine Cable Provider
 
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan Asia
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan AsiaBisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan Asia
Bisnis Colocation Services dan Data Center 2014 : Indonesia dan Asia
 

Similaire à International bw and data market

Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenue
Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenueAbu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenue
Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenueAbu Saeed Khan
 
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to Revenuenue
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to RevenuenueUnlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to Revenuenue
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to RevenuenueAbu Saeed Khan
 
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in Asia
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in AsiaTechnology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in Asia
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in AsiaAbu Saeed Khan
 
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectors
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectorsUnleashing infrastructure synergies across sectors
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectorsAbu Saeed Khan
 
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband Link
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband LinkThe Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband Link
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband LinkAbu Saeed Khan
 
One Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
One Belt, Many Roads and BeyondOne Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
One Belt, Many Roads and BeyondAbu Saeed Khan
 
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-PacificSubmarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-PacificAPNIC
 
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”Internet Society
 
The significance of international backhaul points to ponder by nepal
The significance of international backhaul   points to ponder by nepalThe significance of international backhaul   points to ponder by nepal
The significance of international backhaul points to ponder by nepalAbu Saeed Khan
 
Rail outlook study 2013–2022
Rail outlook study 2013–2022Rail outlook study 2013–2022
Rail outlook study 2013–2022abhishekmaaruthi
 
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49APNIC
 
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze Meng
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze MengFoundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze Meng
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze MengMyNOG
 
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications Infrastructure
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications InfrastructureAsia - Fixed Telecommunications Infrastructure
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications InfrastructureReportsnReports
 
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015techUK
 
Asia fixed telecommunications infrastructure
Asia   fixed telecommunications infrastructureAsia   fixed telecommunications infrastructure
Asia fixed telecommunications infrastructureAmbikabasa
 
Jeff thompson ceo towerstream
Jeff thompson ceo towerstreamJeff thompson ceo towerstream
Jeff thompson ceo towerstreamCarl Ford
 
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016Yana Filipova
 
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...Antonio Bove
 
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
 

Similaire à International bw and data market (20)

Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenue
Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenueAbu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenue
Abu Saeed Khan - Unlocking Asian borders for new avenue to revenue
 
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to Revenuenue
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to RevenuenueUnlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to Revenuenue
Unlocking Asian Borders for New Avenue to Revenuenue
 
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in Asia
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in AsiaTechnology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in Asia
Technology and Diplomacy: Mobile Internet in Asia
 
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectors
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectorsUnleashing infrastructure synergies across sectors
Unleashing infrastructure synergies across sectors
 
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband Link
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband LinkThe Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband Link
The Trans-Asian Terrestrial Broadband Link
 
One Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
One Belt, Many Roads and BeyondOne Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
One Belt, Many Roads and Beyond
 
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-PacificSubmarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific
Submarine Cable and Capacity Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific
 
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”
Keynote Presentation : “80/20 by 2020”
 
The significance of international backhaul points to ponder by nepal
The significance of international backhaul   points to ponder by nepalThe significance of international backhaul   points to ponder by nepal
The significance of international backhaul points to ponder by nepal
 
Rail outlook study 2013–2022
Rail outlook study 2013–2022Rail outlook study 2013–2022
Rail outlook study 2013–2022
 
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49
Evolution of Mobile Networks and IPv6 - APEC TEL49
 
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze Meng
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze MengFoundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze Meng
Foundations for a Digital Economy by Tan Tze Meng
 
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications Infrastructure
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications InfrastructureAsia - Fixed Telecommunications Infrastructure
Asia - Fixed Telecommunications Infrastructure
 
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015
Space & Satellite News Updates – 14th April 2015
 
Asia fixed telecommunications infrastructure
Asia   fixed telecommunications infrastructureAsia   fixed telecommunications infrastructure
Asia fixed telecommunications infrastructure
 
Jeff thompson ceo towerstream
Jeff thompson ceo towerstreamJeff thompson ceo towerstream
Jeff thompson ceo towerstream
 
ITW 2016 presentation
ITW 2016 presentationITW 2016 presentation
ITW 2016 presentation
 
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016
NetIX Moving Traffic to the Expressway 2016
 
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...
Delivering on the broadband promise: technology trends and institutional land...
 
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
 

Plus de Dr.Joko Suryana

Software defined radio technology : ITB research activities
Software defined radio technology : ITB research activitiesSoftware defined radio technology : ITB research activities
Software defined radio technology : ITB research activitiesDr.Joko Suryana
 
Lecture on telco managed services
Lecture on telco managed servicesLecture on telco managed services
Lecture on telco managed servicesDr.Joko Suryana
 
Ku kaband experiment report 2006
Ku kaband experiment report 2006Ku kaband experiment report 2006
Ku kaband experiment report 2006Dr.Joko Suryana
 
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasi
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasiPengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasi
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasiDr.Joko Suryana
 
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007Doing low arpu high usage business 2007
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007Dr.Joko Suryana
 
Design of human body scanner based on uwb
Design of human body scanner based on uwbDesign of human body scanner based on uwb
Design of human body scanner based on uwbDr.Joko Suryana
 
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007Dr.Joko Suryana
 
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhia
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhiaIccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhia
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhiaDr.Joko Suryana
 
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shiftersFinal tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shiftersDr.Joko Suryana
 
Broadband paradox and mobile cloud
Broadband paradox and mobile cloudBroadband paradox and mobile cloud
Broadband paradox and mobile cloudDr.Joko Suryana
 

Plus de Dr.Joko Suryana (14)

Software defined radio technology : ITB research activities
Software defined radio technology : ITB research activitiesSoftware defined radio technology : ITB research activities
Software defined radio technology : ITB research activities
 
Lecture on telco managed services
Lecture on telco managed servicesLecture on telco managed services
Lecture on telco managed services
 
Ku kaband experiment report 2006
Ku kaband experiment report 2006Ku kaband experiment report 2006
Ku kaband experiment report 2006
 
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasi
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasiPengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasi
Pengantar bisnis wholesale telekomunikasi
 
Bts hotel joko suryana
Bts hotel joko suryanaBts hotel joko suryana
Bts hotel joko suryana
 
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007Doing low arpu high usage business 2007
Doing low arpu high usage business 2007
 
Design of human body scanner based on uwb
Design of human body scanner based on uwbDesign of human body scanner based on uwb
Design of human body scanner based on uwb
 
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007
Pengantar bisnis mvno 2007
 
Cdn prospects 2011
Cdn prospects 2011Cdn prospects 2011
Cdn prospects 2011
 
Mobile data offloading
Mobile data offloadingMobile data offloading
Mobile data offloading
 
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhia
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhiaIccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhia
Iccs 2012 presentation joko suryana and audhia
 
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shiftersFinal tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
 
Lte technical overview
Lte technical overviewLte technical overview
Lte technical overview
 
Broadband paradox and mobile cloud
Broadband paradox and mobile cloudBroadband paradox and mobile cloud
Broadband paradox and mobile cloud
 

Dernier

NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023Steve Rader
 
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and Festivals
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and FestivalsFabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and Festivals
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and FestivalsWristbands Ireland
 
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyAnyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyHanna Klim
 
Scrum Events & How to run them effectively
Scrum Events & How to run them effectivelyScrum Events & How to run them effectively
Scrum Events & How to run them effectivelyMarianna Nakou
 
NewBase 25 March 2024 Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...
NewBase  25 March  2024  Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...NewBase  25 March  2024  Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...
NewBase 25 March 2024 Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...Khaled Al Awadi
 
MC Heights construction company in Jhang
MC Heights construction company in JhangMC Heights construction company in Jhang
MC Heights construction company in Jhangmcgroupjeya
 
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...IMARC Group
 
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...AustraliaChapterIIBA
 
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..dlewis191
 
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the company
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the companyAmazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the company
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the companyfashionfound007
 
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessQ2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessAPCO
 
Intellectual Property Licensing Examples
Intellectual Property Licensing ExamplesIntellectual Property Licensing Examples
Intellectual Property Licensing Examplesamberjiles31
 
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John Meulemans
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John MeulemansBCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John Meulemans
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John MeulemansBBPMedia1
 
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access
 
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Lviv Startup Club
 
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdf
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdfPDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdf
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdfHajeJanKamps
 
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês  em formato pptPlano de marketing- inglês  em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato pptElizangelaSoaresdaCo
 
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking Applications
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking ApplicationsUpgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking Applications
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking ApplicationsIntellect Design Arena Ltd
 
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsData skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsyasinnathani
 
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGUNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGlokeshwarmaha
 

Dernier (20)

NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
 
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and Festivals
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and FestivalsFabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and Festivals
Fabric RFID Wristbands in Ireland for Events and Festivals
 
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyAnyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
 
Scrum Events & How to run them effectively
Scrum Events & How to run them effectivelyScrum Events & How to run them effectively
Scrum Events & How to run them effectively
 
NewBase 25 March 2024 Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...
NewBase  25 March  2024  Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...NewBase  25 March  2024  Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...
NewBase 25 March 2024 Energy News issue - 1710 by Khaled Al Awadi_compress...
 
MC Heights construction company in Jhang
MC Heights construction company in JhangMC Heights construction company in Jhang
MC Heights construction company in Jhang
 
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...
Boat Trailers Market PPT: Growth, Outlook, Demand, Keyplayer Analysis and Opp...
 
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
 
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
 
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the company
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the companyAmazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the company
Amazon ppt.pptx Amazon about the company
 
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessQ2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
 
Intellectual Property Licensing Examples
Intellectual Property Licensing ExamplesIntellectual Property Licensing Examples
Intellectual Property Licensing Examples
 
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John Meulemans
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John MeulemansBCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John Meulemans
BCE24 | Virtual Brand Ambassadors: Making Brands Personal - John Meulemans
 
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
 
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
 
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdf
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdfPDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdf
PDT 88 - 4 million seed - Seed - Protecto.pdf
 
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês  em formato pptPlano de marketing- inglês  em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
 
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking Applications
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking ApplicationsUpgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking Applications
Upgrade Your Banking Experience with Advanced Core Banking Applications
 
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsData skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
 
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGUNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
 

International bw and data market

  • 1. International BW and Data Market : Compilation and Summary Dr.Ir.Joko Suryana Lab of RadioTelecommunications and Microwave School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics INSTITUTTEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
  • 2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Market Drivers of New Cable • Market Opportunities • Global IPTraffic Growth • RegionalTraffic Demand • International Internet Bandwidth Growth, 2009–2013 • International InternetTraffic Growth by Region, 2008–2012 (CAGR &Tbps) • DemandTraffic &Traffic Direction • Asia Pacific • Europe • US & Canada • Middle East • Regional Inbound/OutboundTraffic Forecast 2014 – 2023 • Asia • US • Europe • Traffic of Fixed, Mobile & Managed IP • Regional Submarine Infrastructure • TotalActivatedCapacity 2007-2012 • Capacity (Time MY) • Proposed Routes • Transpacific Cables • SouthAsia & Middle East/Europe- Asia • Intra Asia • China • Australia, NZ, Hawaii & Guam
  • 3. OUTLINE • South East Asian Countries ICT Profiles • International BW Demand • Asia BW Usage • ICT Profiles • Cambodia • Indonesia • Laos • Malaysia • Myanmar • Philippines • Singapore • Thailand • Vietnam • Summary • International BW • Bandwidth Pricing • Fixed and Mobile Broadband • Summary of Middle East Contries Profiles • Demographical Status • Telecom Revenues Contributions & Growth • Telecom Penetration Rate • InternationalConnectivity and BW • TrafficGrowth in MENA Region • InternationalVoiceTraffic • Inbound – outbound • Top International Voice Route 2012 • CurrentTrend • Telecom Subscriber Profiling in Middle East • Submarine Cables and International Bandwidth in Middle East • ICT Maturity Level of Each Country in Middle East
  • 4. OUTLINE • Global Internet Consumption and Content, Fixed & Mobile • Monthly Consumption • Traffic Composition & Changes • Asia Pacific • Europe • US & Canada • Resilience and Diversity • Hazards to Submarine Cable • Vulnerable Choke Points • Resilience and Diversity in Asia Pacific Countries • Resilience and Diversity ofTata Communications, NTT Communications &Telstra • Market Analysis • Market Size 2011-2012 • Traffic Demand • Trans Atlantic • Intra Asia • Middle East-Europe • Middle East-Asia • India-West • India-East • Asia-US & Canada • Capacity Demand Growth vs Price Decline • Active SubmarineCable Systems • Differing Motivations of Key Competitors
  • 5. OUTLINE • New Route for Better New Services • International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region • Global HSPA-LTE Growth • Global Growth of LTE • World IDD vsVoIP International Traffic • CDN Revenue vsTraffic in Asia Pacific
  • 7. Introduction Market Drivers of New Cable • Usage growth : fixed, mobile and broadband users growth • New applications : more valuable content • Demand vs. Supply : there is a capacity gap between submarine cable providers and traffic demand • Emerging markets : developing countries di Asia and Africa • Route diversity : latency, resilence and disaster recovery plan • Cost-effectiveness : USD/Mbps • Technology : more reliable and more speed
  • 8. Introduction Market Opportunities • Asia Pacific - strong demand, low penetration • Australasia - strong demand but limited population • Caribbean - regional in-fill • IndianOcean - intra-regional connectivity • Latin America - bubbling up • Mediterranean Africa - connectivity to Europe • Oceania - development funds available • Persian Gulf - oil-rich, underserved especially Iraq • Sub-Saharan Africa - lots of talk, few results • Transatlantic - supply tightening
  • 12. International Internet Bandwidth Growth, 2009–2013
  • 15. DemandTraffic Asia Pacific Year Traffic (Gbps) 2008 2.248 2009 3.737 2010 6.138 2011 9.571 2012 14.348 Source :Telegeography
  • 16. Traffic Direction Asia Pacific Source :Telegeography Region Traffic Proportion US & Canada 42 % Europe 30 % Africa 1 % Intra Asia 27 %
  • 18. DemandTraffic Europe Year Traffic (Gbps) 2008 10.857 2009 18.021 2010 27.526 2011 40.648 2012 78.357 Source :Telegeography
  • 19. Traffic Direction Europe Source :Telegeography Region Traffic Proportion US & Canada 15 % Asia 7 % Africa 1 % Intra Europe 77 %
  • 21. DemandTraffic US & Canada Year Traffic (Gbps) 2008 5.071 2009 7.851 2010 11.882 2011 16.646 2012 25.171 Source :Telegeography
  • 22. Traffic Direction US & Canada Region Traffic Proportion Europe 35 % LATA 25 % Asia 25 % Intra USC 15 % Source :Telegeography
  • 23. Traffic Direction US & Canada Source :Telegeography
  • 24. DemandTraffic Middle East Year Traffic (Gbps) 2008 348 2009 729 2010 1.303 2011 2.294 2012 3.448 Source :Telegeography
  • 25. Traffic Direction Middle East Region Traffic Proportion Europe 20 % US 35 % Asia 25 % Intra ME 20 % Source :Telegeography
  • 27. Inbound – Outbound Asia • New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012. • 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent) • Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%, and 2028-2031:CAGR 5% • Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
  • 28. Inbound – Outbound US • New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012. • 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent) • Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%, and 2028-2031:CAGR 5% • Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
  • 29. Inbound – Outbound Europe • New data fromTeleGeography’sGlobal Internet Geography research reveal that international Internet capacity growth fell to the lowest pace in five years, decreasing from 68% in 2008 to 40% in 2012. • 2012 to 2017: as perVNI (Transpacific andAsia-Europe bandwidth growth at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23 percent) • Slowing growth after 2017, assuming 2018-2022:CAGR 20%, 2023-2027:CAGR 15%, and 2028-2031:CAGR 5% • Source: 2007 - 2011,Telegeography Global Internet Map
  • 30. Traffic of Fixed, Mobile & Managed IP • In Asia Pacific, mobile data traffic will grow 9-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual growth rate of 56%. • In North America, mobile data traffic will grow 17-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual growth rate of 76%. • InWestern Europe, mobile data traffic will grow 13-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual growth rate of 67% • In Central and Eastern Europe, mobile data traffic will grow 13-fold from 2012 to 2017, a compound annual growth rate of 66%.
  • 33. Total Activated Transpacific Capacity 2007-2012 Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
  • 34. Time MY Trans Pacific Cable Capacity
  • 36. South Asia & Middle East / Europe-Asia
  • 37. South Asia & Middle East / Europe-Asia
  • 38. South Asia & Middle East / Europe-Asia Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
  • 39. Time MY South Asia & Middle East/Europe-Asia Cable Capacity
  • 40. Proposed South Asia & Middle East/Europe- Asia
  • 42. Intra Asia, 2007-2012 Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
  • 43. Time MY Intra Asia Cable Capacity
  • 46. Australia, NZ, Hawaii & Guam Source :Terabit Consulting 2013
  • 47. South East Asian Countries ICT Profiles
  • 51. Cambodian Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 53. Cambodia 1. Delayed development of international connectivity due to historical dependence on satellite. 2. Cambodia is one of the few coastal countries in the world without direct access to a submarine fibre optic cable; construction and maintenance agreement for Asia‐America Gateway trans‐Pacific cable (2010) did not provide for a Cambodian landing point, but a new Malaysia‐Cambodia‐Thailand cable is under consideration. 3. Telcotech joined AAG consortium in 2007 but was left to negotiate for bandwidth on the cable through “reasonably‐priced backhaul agreements” with the cable’s landing parties inThailand andViet Nam;Telcotech was purchased by Ezecom in 2011 and its terrestrial connectivity to AAG throughThailand and Viet Nam was expected to be increased from 10 Gbps to 100 Gbps. 4. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Information Highway Project provides terrestrial connectivity to Lao PDR,Thailand, andViet Nam, operated byTelecom Cambodia. 5. Viettel Cambodia (MilitaryTelecommunications Company) operates dual terrestrial fibre optic paths from Cambodia toViet Nam. 6. The Cambodia‐Viet Nam High‐SpeedTransmission Line was launched byTelecom Cambodia and VNPT group in April 2012. 7. TheThailand‐Cambodia‐Viet Nam‐Hong Kong Fibre Highway initiative was announced in March 2012, with NeocomISP as the Cambodian partner, allowing access to international submarine cables in Hong Kong. 8. As of 2012,Thai operatorTOT and ChinaTelecom were reportedly exploring a partnership to build terrestrial fibre links between Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Russia,Thailand, and Viet Nam. 9. The governments of Cambodia and Lao PDR signed a memorandum of understanding in 2013 to improve fibre optic connectivity between the two countries. 10. The proposed Cambodian submarine cable project (2008) did not move forward.
  • 54. Indonesia Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 56. Indonesia 1. Not well‐served by interregional submarine cable systems: Indonesia’s only intercontinental/interregional link is SEA‐ME‐WE‐3, which is 14 years old and connects 33 countries in Europe,Africa, Asia, and Australia. 2. Between 2003 and 2010, six submarine cable systems were constructed between Indonesia and Singapore, and further submarine connectivity was constructed to Malaysia andThailand. 3. As a result of the half‐dozen Indonesia‐Singapore links constructed within the last decade, the majority of Indonesia’s international Internet bandwidth now transits throughSingapore. 4. Industry observers in Indonesia have pointed to its comparative shortage of direct interregional bandwidth as potentially placing the country at a competitive disadvantage versus Malaysia and Singapore in capturing foreign IT investment. 5. The Asia‐America Gateway (AAG) submarine cable entered service in January of 2010, and although it does not land in Indonesia, PTTelekomunikasi Indonesia is a member of the consortium and accesses the cable via the 55‐kilometre Batam‐Singapore Cable System (BSCS), constructed in 2009. 6. Limited Interregional connectivity and strong dependence on Singapore for transit capacity
  • 57. LaoPDR Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 59. Lao PDR 1. Lao PDR‐China terrestrial cable crosses the border at Boten (linking to China Telecom at 2 Gbps) 2. Lao PDR‐Thailand terrestrial cable via Friendship Bridge I (linking to CATTelecom at 5 Gbps) 3. Lao PDR‐Thailand terrestrial cable via Friendship Bridge II (linking to CATTelecom at 2 Gbps) 4. Lao PDR‐Viet Nam terrestrial cable (Dansavanh‐Lao Bao) (linking toVNPT subsidiary Viet Nam Data Communication (VDC) at 5 Gbps) 5. Lao PDR‐Viet Nam terrestrial cable (Namphao‐CauTreo) (linking toVDC at 5 Gbps) 6. Lao PDR‐Cambodia terrestrial cable atVeun Kham (linking to Cambodia Telecom at 2.5 Gbps) 7. Trans‐border links form part of China‐Southeast Asia Cable and Greater Mekong Subregion Information Highway Project, thereby providing onward connectivity to Malaysia and Singapore. 8. No direct Interregional connectivity; terrestrial trans‐border links operate at low
  • 60. Malaysia Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 62. Malaysia 1. Benefited from Europe‐Asia submarine cables (FLAG Europe‐Asia and SEA‐ME‐WE‐3) in late 1990s, SAFE cable to SouthAfrica in 2002, and SEA‐ME‐WE‐4 in 2005. 2. Pan‐EastAsian regional connectivity provided by APCN‐2 (2002) andAsia Submarine‐cable Express (2012);Telekom Malaysia retained two fibre pairs in the latter, which comprise “Cahaya Malaysia”. 3. TheAsia‐America Gateway (AAG) entered service in 2010 and provides direct connectivity from Malaysia and Southeast Asia to the United States. 4. Malaysian operatorTime dotCom is a 10% shareholder in the trans‐Pacific Unity system between Japan and the United States. 5. Konsortium Renkaian Serantau (KRS) (Regional Network Consortium) was formed by 24 Malaysian operators in 2011 with the goal of driving down the price of international bandwidth; KRS also considered the construction of a trans‐Pacific submarine cable to the United States. 6. Regional submarine cables serving Malaysia include Malaysia‐Thailand, Malaysia‐Thailand East and West, the East‐West SubmarineCable System, the Dumai‐MelakaCable System (DMCS), the Batam‐RengitCable System (BRCS), and the Batam‐Duamai‐MalaccaCable System (BDM). 7. Terrestrial links to bothThailand and Singapore are operated byTelekom Malaysia, and theTime dotCom Cross‐Peninsular Cable System (CPCS) also links to those two countries. 8. Malaysia benefits from strong links to its regional neighbours, as well as good connectivity to Europe, Africa, and North America.
  • 63. Myanmar Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 65. Myanmar 1. Myanmar’s primary international link is the SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 submarine cable, on which two 10‐Gbps wavelengths are reportedly lit. 2. Terrestrial links provide trans‐border connectivity to China,Thailand, and India. 3. Myanmar Posts andTelecommunications (MPT) and Bangladesh SubmarineCable Company Limited (BSCCL) are implementing a terrestrial link between Myanmar and the SEA‐ME‐WE‐4 cable station in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh in order for both countries to take advantage of each other’s submarine cable connections. 4. A $40 million branch to Myanmar on the proposed SEA‐ME‐WE‐5 submarine cable has reportedly been financed by China Unicom, leading to speculation that Chinese operators may use the branch as a redundant path for westbound Chinese demand, or as a platform for future Chinese investment in Myanmar’s newly liberalized telecommunications market, or will sell transit capacity to South Asian markets such as India and Bangladesh. 5. CATTelecom ofThailand is reportedly exploring the construction of a $41‐million, 800‐kilometre link between Satun,Thailand and Dawei, Myanmar, the planned site of a deepwater port and special economic zone. 6. Current International connectivity is primarily through the SEA‐MEWE‐3 cable, which was constructed in 1999; however, a link to SEAME‐WE‐4 via Bangladesh and the construction of a branch on the proposed SEA ME‐WE‐5 cable would improve connectivity.
  • 66. Philliphines Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 68. Philippines 1. PLDT operates three international submarine cable landing stations: Batangas City (for the APCN‐2 and SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 cables); Buang, La Union (for the trans‐Pacific Asia‐America Gateway cable); and Daet, Camarines Norte (for Asia Submarine‐cable Express). 2. GlobeTelecom operates two international submarine cable landing stations: Ballesteros, Cagayan (forTGN Intra‐Asia) and Nasugbu, Batangas (for the Southeast Asia‐Japan Cable). 3. Pacnet’s pan‐Asian EAC‐C2C cable network has dual landings in the Philippines, in Capepisa, Cavite and in Nasugbu, Batangas. 4. The country benefits from multiple submarine cable landing stations in different parts of the northern Philippines, offering single‐system connectivity to Asia, Europe, Australia, Africa, and North America.
  • 69. Singapore Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 71. Singapore 1. Singapore is currently served by nine interregional submarine cable systems, with an additional cable under construction and scheduled for activation in 2013. 2. An additional six submarine cable systems connect Singapore to its closest neighbours: Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore. 3. Fibre links via Singapore’s causeway and bridge connect the country to Malaysian terrestrial networks. 4. Singapore is a regional bandwidth hub and benefits from abundant, first‐class intercontinental and regional connectivity; however, from an International perspective, its concentration of undersea cables is viewed by some as a global “choke point”.
  • 72. Thailand Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 74. Thailand 1. Thailand is served by the major Europe‐Asia submarine cables (FLAG Europe‐Asia, SEA‐ME‐WE‐3, and SEAME‐WE‐4), as well as the Asia‐America Gateway (AAG) trans‐Pacific system. 2. To date,Thailand has not participated in any of the major pan‐EastAsian submarine cable projects, althoughCAT has invested in the proposedAsia‐PacificGateway project, which would enter service in 2014. 3. Trans‐border fibre optic links connectThailand to each of its neighbours; its links to Malaysia, which provide onward connectivity to Singapore, are particularly popular among operators seeking to avoid the high IP transit costs charged by CAT for the country’s submarine cable infrastructure. 4. CAT’s reported control over the country’s somewhat limited intercontinental submarine infrastructure has led many operators to utilize terrestrial links to Singapore.
  • 75. Vietnam Source :Terabit Consulting 2013Source :Telegeography
  • 77. Vietnam 1. Until recently,Viet Nam’s primary international connection was the SEA‐ME‐WE‐3 cable, although the activation of theTGN Intra‐Asia submarine cable in 2009 and the trans‐PacificAsia‐America Gateway cable the following year resulted in a dramatic increase in international capacity. 2. Viet Nam has not participated in most regional pan‐Asian systems, but a new project, the Asia‐PacificGateway, would feature the participation of threeVietnamese investors and enter service in 2014. 3. Viet Nam has terrestrial fibre optic links to each of its three neighbours (Cambodia, Lao PDR, and China), including connectivity via the Greater Mekong Subregion Information Highway Project and the China‐SoutheastAsia Cable. 4. Viet Nam’s submarine cable connectivity is significantly less than other Asian nations.
  • 84. Summary of Middle East Contries Profiles
  • 85. Demographical Status of Middle East Countries
  • 89. Telecom Penetration Rate in MENA Source :Telegeography
  • 91. Traffic Growth in MENA Region Source :Telegeography
  • 92. International VoiceTraffic Inbound and Outbond Source :Telegeography
  • 95. Middle East : telecom subscriber profiling
  • 96. Internet User Penetration Rates in Middle East
  • 97. Internet Users in Middle East
  • 98. Mobile Phone Penetration Rates in Middle East
  • 100. Fixed Line Penetration Rates in Middle East
  • 102. Fixed Broadband Penetration Rates in Middle East
  • 104. Wireless Broadband Penetration Rates in Middle East
  • 105. Mobile Broadband Subscribers in Middle East
  • 106. Middle east : submarine cable and bandwith
  • 107. Submarine Cable with Landing Points in Middle East
  • 108. Number of Connected Submarine Cable per Country
  • 110. CAGR of International Internet BW in Middle East Source :Telegeography
  • 111. Internet Exchange in Middle East Country
  • 112. Internet Hosts per 10000 inhabitant di Middle East
  • 113. Middle east : ict maturity level
  • 114. ICT Maturity Level : #1 • Maturity level 1: Iraq, Libya, the Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, and Yemen • This lowest level of maturity is characterized by the following: • (a) low ICT penetration rates and unattractive telecom market conditions that discourage personal and business usage; • (b) scarce international connectivity to the Internet backbone; • (c) poor Internet infrastructure and low dissemination, especially for broadband, inadequate national backbone and limited number of Internet players in the market. • As compared to 2011, the Syrian Arab Republic was downgraded to this level due to the negative effects of the ongoing armed conflict on its infrastructure. Libya was rated in this level as well due to its damaged ICT infrastructure as a result of the 2011 revolution.
  • 115. ICT Maturity Level : #2 • Maturity level 2: Egypt, Morocco, Palestine, andTunisia • This level of maturity is characterized by the following: • (a) average ICT penetration rates and increasingly attractive telecom market conditions for personal and business usage; • (b) developing international connectivity to the Internet backbone; • (c) improving Internet infrastructure and fair dissemination of broadband services, adequate national backbone and active Internet players market. • Member countries classified in this level retained their status from 2011 while the new member countries Morocco andTunisia attained this level in 2013.
  • 116. ICT Maturity Level : #3 • Maturity level 3: Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Oman • This level of maturity is characterized by the following: • (a) above-average ICT penetration rates and attractive telecom market conditions promoting personal and business usage; • (b) solid international connectivity to the Internet backbone; • (c) comparatively good Internet infrastructure and strong broadband Internet dissemination, good national backbone and active Internet players market. • Lebanon stepped forward to this level since 2011 owing to notable growth in its mobile phone services, elevated Internet penetration growth rates, especially for fixed and mobile broadband, introduction of mobile broadband services, and massive growth in international Internet bandwidth.
  • 117. ICT Maturity Level : #4 • 4. Maturity level 4: Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates • This level of maturity is characterized by the following: • (a) world-class ICT penetration rates and very attractive telecom market conditions promoting personal and business usage; • (b) highly developed international connectivity to the Internet backbone; • (c) very strong Internet infrastructure and elevated broadband Internet dissemination, world-class national backbone and recognized Internet players. • Saudi Arabia attained this level in 2013 owing to its elevated penetration rates and usage level, especially for broadband Internet services and a favourable and competitive telecom sector.
  • 118. ICT Maturity Ranking in Middle East Country
  • 120. Global Internet Consumption and Content 2013 • Asia-Pacific mobile networks crossed a significant threshold, with average monthly mobile usage now exceeding 1 gigabyte.This consumption is driven by streaming audio and video, which accounts for 50% of peak downstream traffic. • In US&Canada, the dominance of Real-Time Entertainment is due in large part to the continued market leadership of Netflix andYouTube, which when combined now account for over half of the downstream traffic during peak period. • In other regions such as Europe and Asia,YouTube continues to be the largest single source of Real-Time Entertainment traffic on both fixed and mobile access networks, which makes it the leading source of Internet traffic in the entire world. • In Europe, Netflix, less than two years since launch, now accounts for over 20% of downstream traffic on certain fixed networks in the British Isles. It took almost four years for Netflix to achieve 20% of data traffic in the United States.
  • 124. Monthly Consumption 2013 Asia Pacific, Fixed
  • 125. Traffic Composition 2013 Asia Pacific, Fixed
  • 126. Monthly Consumption 2013 Asia Pacific, Mobile
  • 127. Traffic Composition 2013 Asia Pacific, Mobile
  • 134. Monthly Consumption 2013 US & Canada, Fixed
  • 135. Traffic Composition 2013 US & Canada, Fixed
  • 136. Monthly Consumption 2013 US & Canada, Mobile
  • 137. Traffic Composition 2013 US & Canada, Mobile
  • 139. Hazards to Submarine Cable • Submarine cables are susceptible to damage. Cable systems may be disrupted for a number of reasons, each of which has a different profile in terms of the likelihood that their occurrence could damage the overall network performance of an economy. • The hazards to submarine cable-bound communication can be categorized into three groups: • natural hazards to the cables themselves • man-made hazards to the cables themselves • hazards to the remaining infrastructure, especially landing stations and IT network management systems.
  • 140. Natural Hazards to Submarine Cables • Natural causes for cable disruptions are quite unusual.They include current abrasions and earthquakes which cause around 12% of all faults. • Only in water depths of more than 1000 m are they the major cause of damage to submarine cables. However, when they happen they usually cause devastating damage, often to a large number of cables. • This makes them much more hazardous to the overall network performance than those hazards which affect only single cables. • Typical events in this category are: • Submarine earthquakes, fault lines and related landslides break or bury cables • Density currents break or bury cables • Currents and waves cause abrasion, stress and fatigue of material • Tsunami, storm surge and sea level rise cause damage to coastal installations • Extreme weather (e.g. hurricanes) breaks or buries cables • Rarely icebergs or volcanic activities cause damage to cables
  • 141. Man-made Hazards to Submarine Cables • In comparison to natural hazards, man-made causes for submarine cable disruption count for the far larger number of events and are more likely to occur. • Around 70% of all cable faults are caused by fishing and anchoring in depths of less than 200 m. • In water depths of less than 1000 m human activity is the main hazard to submarine cables, natural impacts cause less than 10% of cable damage in this area. • Globally, 100-150 cables are broken per year by fishing or anchoring. • Man-made hazards typically only affect those parts of the cables which are close to land and where they are in relatively shallow water and therefore in the range of ships’ nets and anchors.
  • 142. Hazards to Landing Stations, Maintenance Ships and the IT Environment • Interestingly, most debates and publications about dangers to submarine cable systems only focus on the cables themselves. • However, since the cable infrastructure constitutes just one component of the overall communications system, other parts of the network have to be taken into account as well.
  • 143. Vulnerable Choke Points • Three especially vulnerable choke points that require special attention were identified: • The Strait of Malacca between Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia; • The Strait of Luzon between ChineseTaipei and the Philippines • The South China Sea.
  • 144. Geographic Diversity by New Cable Routes Between Europe and Asia through the Arctic Sea • These new cable systems in particular will considerably improve overall network stability and resilience: • Their route through the Arctic region avoids areas which are infamous for being failure- prone "choke points" such as the Luzon Strait near ChineseTaipei, the Strait of Malacca between Indonesia and Malaysia, and the South China Sea as well as the Suez Canal. • The cables create an entirely new redundant route as a geographic alternative to the existing cables. • These new cables will improve the network stability by following routes that are much less likely to be struck by the most common disruptions, man-made hazards, as they are far away from traditional shipping and fishing routes. • A second major benefit in addition to increased overall network resilience will be a reduced latency for connections between Europe and Asia.
  • 145. Easing geographic congestion for Australia and New Zealand by adding new routes • Another group of cable systems will create additional and, more importantly, geographically diverse connections for Australia and to some extent indirectly for New Zealand.As both economies are islands, they are entirely dependent on submarine cables for their participation in the global data network. • The Australian continent is currently mainly connected at the east coast with all cables landing in one regional beacon, the area around Sydney.This includes Southern Cross, Australia-JapanCable,Telstra Endeavour and PIPE PPC-1. • There is just one cable on the west coast, SeaMeWe-3, landing in Perth, but this is a relatively old cable built in 1999 with only a very limited capacity of 90 Gbps. • Only two cables have a direct connection to the main sources of internet traffic: SeaMeWe- 3 directly connectsAustralia and Europe and Southern Cross is the only direct connection to the US mainland.
  • 146. Reducing risks at the Luzon Strait for Chinese Taipei using new direct cable links to China • The Luzon Strait between ChineseTaipei Island and Luzon Island (Philippines) is an area of high cable density but also of frequent disruptions as it is very prone to earthquakes. • Virtually all important cables linking ChineseTaipei to the world go through this choke point. • The high geographic concentration of cables and a lack of alternative cables and routes imply a certain risk of loss of traffic and decline in connection speed and quality, as events such as earthquakes or storms may harm several cables at once.
  • 147. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • Australia will potentially have improved geographic diversity in the coming years due to a number of proposed additional submarine cables. • This will reduce both the effects of submarine cable faults and possibly also the price level domestic users have to pay for bandwidth. • Brunei is well connected given its size with two landing stations, three submarine cable systems and the possibility of overland connectivity to Malaysia.
  • 148. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • China has reduced its reliance on submarine cables by the establishment of a direct overland connection to Europe via Russia. • Furthermore, it is linked via an overland connection to Hong Kong, China and its multitude of submarine cable systems and has its own access to seven submarine cable systems, with three further ones planned to land at ten landing stations. • It is thus well covered even accounting for its exploding bandwidth growth. • Hong Kong, China: As a major internet (and trade) hub, submarine cable connectivity is of special economic importance. • However, this means traffic outages are likely to have a severe impact on other South-East Asian economies as well. Overall connectivity is thus very large and important not only to Hong Kong, China itself but also to the region in general.
  • 149. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • Indonesia: Due to its geographic position and the routing of international traffic and most submarine cables, Indonesia heavily relies on Singapore as a hub for international connectivity. • Otherwise, Indonesia should build new submarine route which for providing alternate diversity and also picking up internet traffic at East Region of Indonesia • Japan:The earthquake in March 2011 has shown that Japan’s submarine cable infrastructure is vulnerable to such events but sufficiently protected by various measures to control major effects on traffic. • However, withTokyo as a major international traffic hub, Japan’s international connectivity is also important to other economies in the region.
  • 150. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • Korea: Even though not an island, Korea’s reliance on submarine cables is island- like due to the lack of availability of an overland route through North Korea. • It is one of the largest bandwidth users in the region but has access to a geographically diverse network. • It has access to five submarine cables with four additional ones being planned landing at a total of three locations. • Malaysia can easily establish overland connectivity to Singapore, one of the main internet hubs in the region. • Malaysia has access to nine submarine cable systems with two more planned for landing at four geographically different points. • In addition landing points in Brunei Darussalam can be utilized.
  • 151. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • New Zealand has only access to one submarine cable in scope today (also to a smaller one linking it to Australia), which however is built in such a way that it provides redundancy as if it were two separate cables (ring structure). In addition, two more submarine cable systems are planned.These cables land at three different landing points. • Papua New Guinea relies on submarine cables like an island.The deployment of connectivity to Guam - where various submarine cable systems land - provides an alternative route to the one to Australia. • With two landing stations and two submarine cable systems, connectivity is redundant especially when taking into account Papua New Guinea’s very low demand for bandwidth.
  • 152. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • The Philippines: Due to many submarine cables landing on the Philippines while passing by, international capacity far exceeds domestic demand. • There are six different landing points for submarine cables, all but one on the western coast.This also prevents the Philippines from being able to offer a fully redundant overland alternative to cables passing through the Strait of Luzon, one of the bottlenecks in the region. • Singapore, the other significant data hub in South East Asia besides Hong Kong, China is connected by a multitude of submarine cables. • Thus, capacity is not only serving domestic needs. No threat or area needing improvement is identified by the model, although the situation in the Strait of Malacca should be closely monitored.
  • 153. Resilience and Diversity ASPAC Countries • ChineseTaipei is another of the few economies in scope where further submarine cables could decrease the effects of large submarine cable outages.The reliance on cables passing through the Strait of Luzon is high today but alternative cables towards China are being planned. • However, an additional cable on this side may be helpful to establish full redundancy and to avoid loss of any traffic towards the end of the decade after outages in the Strait of Luzon. • Thailand has access to submarine cables both on its western as well as on its eastern coast, even though some are of limited capacity. In addition, overland capacity to Singapore is an option. • Thailand thus has sufficient redundant cables.Thailand could be able to offer an overland alternative to cables passing through the Strait of Malacca, one of the bottlenecks in the region.
  • 154. Resilience and Diversity Tata Communications
  • 155. Resilience and Diversity NTT Communications
  • 158. Market Size 2011-2012 Route Market Size 2011 (Gbps) Market Size 2012 (Gbps) Trans Atlantic 13000 18600 IntraAsia 9500 13360 Middle East-West 600 880 Middle East-East 220 330 India-West 700 1060 India-East 570 880 Asia-US&Canada 8500 11760
  • 159. Traffic Demand : Trans Atlantic Europe US & Canada
  • 160. Traffic Demand : Intra Asia Asia X AsiaY
  • 161. Traffic Demand : Middle East-Europe Middle East Europe
  • 162. Traffic Demand : Middle East-Asia Middle East Asia
  • 165. Traffic Demand : Asia – US & Canada Asia – US & Canada (Tbps ) Asia US&Canada
  • 166. Capacity Demand Growth vs Price Decline
  • 168. Differing Motivations of Key Competitors Each route has different key players and different demand and price dynamics
  • 169. Differing Motivations of Key Competitors Each route has different key players and different demand and price dynamics
  • 170. New Route for Better New Services
  • 171. International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region Source: HotTelecoms, LAPI ITB 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Asia 44 66 91 128 172 196 233 269 302 335 371 405 439 473 508 Europe 44 66 95 119 157 180 210 239 269 296 326 355 384 413 442 North America 22 29 44 62 71 85 99 112 125 139 152 165 178 192 205 Latin America 1 4 7 11 20 22 27 33 38 42 48 53 57 62 68 MEA 1 4 7 11 22 24 30 36 42 46 53 58 64 69 75 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 Billion Minutes
  • 172. 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Asia 4.990 6.710 7.622 9.065 10.496 11.787 13.044 14.472 15.782 17.093 18.441 19.791 Europe 4.645 6.108 7.003 8.183 9.325 10.483 11.542 12.721 13.839 14.961 16.085 17.228 North America 2.409 2.753 3.295 3.875 4.369 4.852 5.411 5.923 6.427 6.953 7.478 7.988 Latin America 430 774 852 1.060 1.282 1.477 1.640 1.860 2.051 2.238 2.433 2.634 MEA 430 860 920 1.158 1.412 1.635 1.810 2.064 2.278 2.488 2.707 2.935 - 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 Gbps International IPXVoiceTraffic by Region Source: HotTelecoms, LAPI ITB Assumed: • LTETraffic • HD and SD voice ratio = 30:70 • Voice activity : 15 hours per day
  • 175. World IDD vsVoIP InternationalTraffic Sumber: HotTelecoms
  • 176. CDN Revenue vsTraffic in Asia Pacific 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Revenue 314 417 583 806 1.08 1.36 1.60 1.77 2.00 2.22 2.45 2.67 2.89 3.12 3.34 Traffic 9 14 22 34 52 72 99 102 117 132 147 162 176 191 206 - 50 100 150 200 250 - 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 Traffic(1000xPB) Revenue(MillionUSD) Source: InformaTelecoms & Media, LAPI ITB.