This document contains an agenda and discussion materials for an English class. The agenda includes an exam, a presentation on how to write a response to literature, and a discussion of the novel Stone Butch Blues. Students will then do an in-class writing assignment to outline and draft the body paragraphs of their response to literature essay on the novel. The document provides essay prompts and topics for students to choose from that analyze themes and experiences in the novel related to gender identity, social pressures, medical treatment, and resistance. It also includes guidance on how to write a response to literature, including developing a thesis, selecting evidence, organizing ideas, and interpreting evidence. The homework assigned is to continue reading a new novel and finish posting the in-
Designed for CTUTC (Can Tho university translation club) on the third workshop - Problematic structure.
Note: The font in the preview slides is not the used font.
In this presentation, Dr. Avon Hart-Johnson presents strategies and considerations on how to transform a dissertation to a book. Presented 12/29/17 at National Harbor, Walden PhD Residency
Rhetorical Analysis Reflection
Key Elements Of Rhetorical Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis Of Ethos
Write A Rhetorical Analysis Essay About Writing
Rhetorical Analysis Of The Arsenal Of Democracy
A Rhetorical Analysis Of Gender Equality Essay
Reflections On Rhetorical Appeals
Outliers Rhetorical Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis Reflection
Rhetorical Speech Examples
Rhetoric and Argument Essays
Rhetoric In Student Essay
Rhetorical Essay About Bullying
A Rhetorical Analysis Of Two TED Talks
Rhetoric In English 101
Rocky Balboa Speech Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis On Ted Talk
Reflective Essay On Rhetoric
My Rhetorical Summary Essay
Rhetorical Analysis Response
Designed for CTUTC (Can Tho university translation club) on the third workshop - Problematic structure.
Note: The font in the preview slides is not the used font.
In this presentation, Dr. Avon Hart-Johnson presents strategies and considerations on how to transform a dissertation to a book. Presented 12/29/17 at National Harbor, Walden PhD Residency
Rhetorical Analysis Reflection
Key Elements Of Rhetorical Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis Of Ethos
Write A Rhetorical Analysis Essay About Writing
Rhetorical Analysis Of The Arsenal Of Democracy
A Rhetorical Analysis Of Gender Equality Essay
Reflections On Rhetorical Appeals
Outliers Rhetorical Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis Reflection
Rhetorical Speech Examples
Rhetoric and Argument Essays
Rhetoric In Student Essay
Rhetorical Essay About Bullying
A Rhetorical Analysis Of Two TED Talks
Rhetoric In English 101
Rocky Balboa Speech Analysis
Rhetorical Analysis On Ted Talk
Reflective Essay On Rhetoric
My Rhetorical Summary Essay
Rhetorical Analysis Response
Literature ReviewsPlanning and Writing Them1You’ve.docxsmile790243
Literature Reviews
Planning and Writing Them
1
You’ve done the hard part!
You did your secondary research with your annotated bibliography
Now, take that research and compile it into a cohesive, useful narrative that explains the “conversation” around the topic you’re going to be looking into
2
What is a lit review?
Lit reviews usually are at the beginnings of research articles
Summarize the “conversation” on the subject and establish why your study is important
Look at Zakreski article, Greene article – see in the beginning of their articles, they summarize and explain what others have had to say about the topic
Your annotated bib should easily transition into what will be the first part of your paper, the literature review.
Duggar has lots of citations; 16 in her bib. She talks about lots of different ideas here to lay the groundwork for what she is going to do
Greene has fewer, but has more to say about them
3
Three functions of a lit review
Your literature review will become the first part of your research paper. Thus, it should do three things:
Include a short introduction that defines or identifies the general topic, issue, or area of concern, thus providing an appropriate context for reviewing the literature (this is called establishing a territory)
Synthesize other research on the topic, explaining what is known about it
Conclude by stating what is missing, what is controversial, what is not yet known, or what needs to be resolved in the discussion. This will provide the transition later to your own study and your research questions (this is called “establishing a niche”)
4
How do I write it?
Your literature review should synthesize all the information from your annotated bibliography
You can organize the information chronologically
You can organize the information by topic
by least-most recent studies or vice versa; clump everything by what was found, what
5
How do I write it, con’t
Your lit review should have an intro, body, and conclusion
This is not true of ALL lit reviews, but it is a good general rule to follow
The intro will serve at the intro to your paper
The body will establish the “conversation”
The conclusion will serve to transition your paper into a discussion of your study
The body can (and probably should) have multiple paragraphs, based on how you’ve organized it
6
About the conclusion
In the conclusion, you want to establish why your study is important
You need to somehow point out a gap in the knowledge, a question you have about other research, or a counter-point you want to raise
If you can’t prove that your study authentically adds to the conversation, then you really shouldn’t be doing the research
Leads to your methods section
7
Example lit reviews
See the link on Isidore on the “Info on Lit Reviews” page, “Example Lit Review”
From York College in New York – web.York.cuny.edu/~washton/student/Org-Behavior/lit_rev_eg.pdf
Also see https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/res ...
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
2. AGENDA
Exam 2: Terms
Presentation: Introduction to Essay #3
How to write a response to literature
Discussion: Stone Butch Blues
In-class writing: Thesis, outline, and body
paragraphs
4. Essay #3
Stone Butch Blues offers many
ways to read the challenges of
growing to adulthood. Each of the
conflicts Jess and her friends face
speaks to readers differently, and
for this reason, I offer you several
choices. In a thesis driven essay of
1000 to 1500 words, respond to
one of the following prompts. You
need only the primary text for this
essay, but you may use others if
you want to incorporate additional
support. Remember, you can also
draw on your own experiences and
knowledge to discuss, explain, and
analyze your topic.
5. Topic: Choose One
Explore Jess’s coming of age All people are subject to society’s
through moments of both demand for conformity. This, as
we discussed in class, has both
intentional and unintentional
positive and negative outcomes.
passing in Stone Butch Blues. For this essay, trace that demand
Show how these passing for conformity by identifying the
moments shape her into the social pressures that influence
person she ultimately becomes. Jess; explain how the social
Consider both hir experiences pressure to conform contributes
to her growth, development, and
and those of people she ultimate identity.
encounters.
Consider multiple settings and
Think about not only who social groups, for example,
passes, but for whom they home, school, work, bars, and
hospitals.
are passing.
Think about who has power and
Use textual evidence to show how and why that power is
the moments of passing; wielded.
analyze those moments to Use textual evidence to show
prove how they shape, the moments of social pressure;
influence, or change hir. analyze those moments to prove
how they shape, influence, or
change hir.
6. Or one of these
For this essay, explore instances Jess interacts with medical personnel
and methods of resistance to in various ways throughout the novel.
oppressions based on gender For this essay, explore Jess’s
identity development, experience with doctors, nurses,
clinics, hospitals, and psychiatric
socioeconomic structures, race, institutions. Show how her gender
and sex (or combinations of these identity influences the treatment she
markers) in Stone Butch Blues. receives (or doesn’t receive); analyze
Discuss how moments of and explain the effects of her
resistance contribute to Jess’s experiences on her social,
identity development. Consider psychological, and physical
Jess’s masculinity, her working- development. Consider multiple
class status, her Jewish heritage, encounters with health professionals
her female body and expected or visits to healthcare facilities. Think
both about her primary care but also
social role, and her lesbianism (or how she sees others treated.
combinations of these identity
markers) and the moments of Think about the authority of
prejudice, discrimination, medical professionals and how
that authority influences social
violence, or inhumane treatment values.
based on them.
Use textual evidence to show the
Think about how Jess resists encounters with medical
these oppressions. professionals; analyze those
Use textual evidence to show moments to show how Jess
internalizes the experiences.
the moments of oppression;
7. HOW TO WRITE A
RESPONSE TO
LITERATURE
Adapted from a handout from The Writing
Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill
8. Interpretations of fiction are
generally opinions, but not all
opinions are equal.
A good, valid, and interesting interpretation will do
the following:
avoid the obvious (in other words, it won’t argue a
conclusion that most readers could reach on their
own from a general knowledge of the story)
support its main points with strong evidence from the
story
use careful reasoning to explain how that evidence
relates to the main points of the interpretation.
9. Be Familiar with the Text
A good paper begins with the writer having a
solid understanding of the work that he or she
interprets. Being able to have the whole text in
your head when you begin thinking through
ideas will actually allow you to write the paper
more quickly in the long run.
Spend some time just thinking about the story.
Flip back through the book and consider what
interests you about this book—what seemed
strange, new, or important?
10. Explore Potential Topics
Even though you have a list of topics from which
to choose, you must develop your own
interpretation.
Consider how you might approach each topic.
What will your answer to each question show
about the text?
So what? Why will anyone care?
Try this phrase for each prompt: “This book
shows ________________. This is important
because ______________________.
11. Finding an Angle
Think about ways into the text; try
completing this phrase for each prompt
“This book shows ________________.
This is important because
______________________.
12. Select a Topic with Plenty
of Evidence
Narrow down your list of Jot down all the events or
possible topics by elements of the story that
identifying how much have some bearing on the
evidence or how many two topics that seem most
details you could use to promising.
investigate each potential
issue. Don’t launch into a topic
without considering all the
Keep in mind that options first because you
persuasive papers rely on may end up with a topic that
ample evidence and that seemed promising initially
having a lot of details to but that only leads to a dead
choose from can make your end.
paper easier to write.
13. Jot down all the events or elements of the
story that have some bearing on the two
topics that seem most promising.
Topic One: Medical
Personnel Topic Two: Resistance
Mental institution when Resisted Annie Oakley
Jess was young outfit.
Mastectomy Fought with police
Women’s clinic Resisted wearing a
dress to Ro’s funeral
14. Developing a Working
Thesis
Based on the evidence that relates to your
topic—and what you anticipate you might
say about those pieces of evidence—
compose a working thesis. Think about what
you want to show the reader.
15. Thesis Possibility:
This book shows that Jess’s resistance to oppression
based on gender identity development, socioeconomic
structures, race, and sex contributed to Jess’s growth and
development because it made her strong. This is
important because it shows that resistance is not futile,
that resisting oppression liberates people from it.
16. Write Out a Working Thesis
Try this phrase again: “This book (or
Feinberg) shows ________________.
This is important because
_____________________.
Remember, this will probably change
some as your insights develop into a
more complex idea.
17. Make an extended list of
evidence
Skim back over the story and make
a more comprehensive list of the
details that relate to your point.
As you make your notes keep track
of page numbers so you can quickly
find the passages in your book again
when you need them.
18. Take into account components of
fiction
• Plot: Think of this as the "who did what to whom" part of the story. Stone
Butch Blues is a bildungsroman (this is just a German term for a novel that is
centered around the development of its main characters). Jess’s
development is essential to the plot.
• Point of view: Who is telling the story and what does the narrator know or
not know? Can the reader trust that person to give an objective account, or
does that narrator color the story with his or her own biases and interests?
• Character: This refers to the qualities assigned to the individual figures in
the plot. Consider why the author assigns certain qualities to a character or
characters and how any such qualities might relate to your topic. Consider
symbols associated with characters.
• Setting: This is the environment in which all of the actions take place. What
is the time period, the location, the time of day, the season, the weather, the
type of room or building? What is the general mood, and who is present?
19. Select your evidence
• Once you’ve made your expanded list of evidence,
decide which supporting details are the strongest.
First, select the facts which bear the closest relation to
your thesis statement. Second, choose the pieces of
evidence you’ll be able to say the most about.
Readers tend to be more dazzled with your
interpretations of evidence than with a lot of quotes
from the book.
• Select the details that will allow you to show off your
own reasoning skills and allow you to help the reader
see the story in a way he or she may not have seen it
20. Refine your thesis
Now, go back to your working thesis and refine it
so that it reflects your new understanding of your
topic. This step and the previous step (selecting
evidence) are actually best done at the same
time, since selecting your evidence and defining
the focus of your paper depend upon each other.
Don't forget to consider the scope of your
project: how long is the paper supposed to be,
and what can you reasonably cover in a paper of
that length?
21. Thesis
In Stone Butch Blues, Leslie Feinberg describes
the development of protagonist, Jess Goldberg,
through a series of moments of resistance to a
society that cannot, or will not accept hir. This
book shows that social pressure, oppression,
and violence act not only as forces of
conformity, but also as powerful sources of
agency; they can inspire people to challenge
injustice in pursuit of liberty.
22. Organize your evidence
Once you have a clear thesis you can go back to your
list of selected evidence and group all the similar details
together. The ideas that tie these clusters of evidence
together can then become the claims that you’ll make in
your paper. As you begin thinking about what claims you
can make (i.e. what kinds of conclusion you can come
to) keep in mind that they should not only relate to all the
evidence but also clearly support your thesis. Once
you’re satisfied with the way you’ve grouped your
evidence and with the way that your claims relate to your
thesis, you can begin to consider the most logical way to
organize each of those claims.
23. Interpret your evidence
Avoid the temptation to load your paper with evidence from your
story. Each time you use a specific reference to your story, be
sure to explain the significance of that evidence in your own
words. To get your readers’ interest, you need to draw their
attention to elements of the story that they wouldn’t necessarily
notice or understand on their own. If you are quoting passages
without interpreting them, you’re not demonstrating your
reasoning skills or helping the reader. In most cases, interpreting
your evidence merely involves putting into your paper what is
already in your head. Remember that we, as readers, are lazy—
all of us. We don’t want to have to figure out a writer’s reasoning
for ourselves; we want all the thinking to be done for us in the
paper.
24. Introduction: Directed Summary (We will discuss this next time we meet)
Transition to Thesis Statement (We will discuss this next time we meet)
Thesis Statement
Section A
Body Paragraph 1
Body Paragraph 2
Section B
Body Paragraph 3
Body Paragraph 4
Section C
Body Paragraph 5
Body Paragraph 6
Counterargument (We will discuss this next time we meet)
Conclusion (We will discuss this next time we meet)
25. Thesis: This book shows that social pressure, oppression, and
violence act not only as forces of conformity, but also as powerful
sources of agency; they can inspire people to challenge injustice in
pursuit of liberty.
Section A: Social Pressure is a powerful source of agency that works to inspire
Jess to challenge injustice.
Par 1: Social pressure from the larger social construct that inspires Jess to challenge
injustice.
Par 2: Social pressure from inside of the lesbian community that inspires Jess to
challenge injustice.
Section B: Oppression is a powerful source of agency that works to inspire Jess
to challenge injustice.
Par 3: Gender expression oppression inspires Jess to challenge injustice.
Par 4: Discrimination/oppression at work/hospital/school inspires Jess to challenge
injustice.
Section C: Violence is a powerful source of agency that works to inspire Jess to
challenge injustice.
Par 5: Emotional/Mental Abuse (violence) inspires Jess to challenge injustice
Par 6: Physical Abuse (violence) inspires Jess to challenge injustice.
26. HOMEWORK
• Reading: Begin M Butterfly
• Writing: Finish and post in-class
writing.
• Outline
• Tentative Thesis
• Essay Sections: Section Sentences
• Body paragraphs with topic
sentences and evidence
(quotations) with explanations.