Introduction to ambient intelligence

1. WELCOME

4. Ambient Intelligence (AmI)

5. Definition
Ambient
Relating to the immediate surroundings of something.
Intelligence
The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.

6. Ambient intelligence (AmI) refers to electronic environments that are
sensitive and responsive to the presence of people.
Ambient intelligence (AmI)

7. INTRODUCTION
● Ambient intelligence is an emerging discipline that brings intelligence to our
everyday environments and make these environments responsive to us
● Ambient intelligence is a network of hidden intelligent surfaces that
recognize our presence and mould our environment to our immediate needs
● AmI refers to digital environment that is aware of their presence and context
and is sensitive, adaptive and responsive to their needs, habits, gestures and
emotions

8. History
In,
1988 for 2020

9. Brain Epstein Eli Zelkha

10. Ambient Intelligence (AmI)
Ambient Intelligence is based on three technologies:
1. Ubiquitous computing
2. Ubiquitous communication &
3. Intelligent user interface

11. 1.Ubiquitous computing
Ubiquitous computing means integration microprocessors into everyday
objects like furniture, clothes and toys.
Using ubiquitous computing people will not be aware of the presence of
computers, they will be in the background.
.

12. 2.Ubiquitous communication
Ubiquitous communication should enable these objects to communicate with
each other and with the user

13. 3.Intelligent user interface
Intelligent user interface enables the AmI to control and interact with the
environment in a natural (voice, gestures) and personalized way(preference,
context)

14. Contributing technologies in AmI
1. Sensing
2. Reasoning
3. Acting

15. Generic archtecture of AmI
Environment Interactions
sensors actuators
middleware
AI reasoning
Knowledge
repository
Discovery and
learning
Desicion makers

16. Sensing
● A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from
the physical environment.
● The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure, or any
one of a great number of other environmental phenomena.
● The output is generally a signal

17. Definition of sensing
It refers to the ability of sensing the surrounding radio environment for having
knowledge of its occupancy.

18. Sensing
Methods of tracking and
positioning
User location
❖ Sensors in room
❖ Sensing hardware on person
Status tracking
❖ Wearing biometric sensor
❖ Information loaded microchip on cloth
Analysing sensor data
❖ Centralized model
❖ Disributed model

19. Reasoning
● Sensing and acting provide link between intelligent algorithms and the real
world in which they operate.
● In order to make such algorithms responsive, adaptive and beneficial to
users, a number of reasoning must take place.

20. Reasonings
➔ User modelling
➔ Activity prediction and recognition
➔ Decision making
➔ Spatial-temporal reasoning

21. 1. User modelling
User modeling is customization and adaptation of systems to the user's
specific needs. Ability to model user behavior
E.g.: Multi-agent Smart User Model Architecture

22. ● Static user model – the basic pattern, once the main data has been
gathered it normally would not change again.
● · Dynamic user model – changes in the user's interests, learning
progress and interactions with the system are noticed and influence the
user model.
● · Stereotype base user model – information is being gathered,
classifying users into classes with the same stereotypes, then the system
adapts to this stereotype.
● · Highly adaptive user model – tries to represent one particular user
therefore allowing a very high adaptivity of the system. This model
requires a lot of information first.

23. 2. Activity prediction and recognition
● Ability to predict and recognize activities that occur in AmI
● Predicting resident locations, and even resident actions, allows the AmI
system to anticipate the resident’s needs and assist with performing the
action

24. 3. Decision making
● Automatic decision making and control techniques are available

25. 4. Spatial-temporal reasoning
● For a system to take sensible decision it has to be aware of where the user
and what is he doing.
● These insights together with other information, provide important clues on
the type of activities the user is engaged in and the most adequate answer

26. Acting
Intelligent and assistive devices provide a mechanism by which AmI can
execute actions and affect the system users

27. Human computer interaction
AmI should be made easy to live
So need to define human-centric computer interface, that are
➢ Context awareness
➢ Natural interface

28. Context awareness
● Context awareness is a key to building AmI and associated applications.
● Context awareness is tracking the state of the user and the characteristics
of the environment with emerging technologies.
● With this information they can intelligently take decision
Eg: Aware home

29. Natural interface
The technologies including
- Motion tracking
- Gesture recognition
- Face expression recognition
- Emotion recognition
- Speech processing and
- Even whistle processing
Facilitate natural interactions with intelligent environments

30. Technical features
Low cost
No need of hard disk requirements that general purpose computers have
High bandwidth
Have enough network bandwidth to allow the communication between the
different devices that are used

31. continue...
Invisible file system
Users should be able to access to data without knowing specific location or
format.
Personalize information
Every time a new person joins a community his/her personal profile needs to be
added to every device.

32. continue….
Privacy issues
- System can record the actions of the user, their preferences, their locations
- Other people can access to these data
- We can use infrared or wireless radio communication encryption to ensure
security
- But, that is against the limited bandwidt of these technologies

33. Privacy and security challenges
1. Ami offers great benefits to user by customizing their environments and
meeting their needs
2. It gives more control to humans by making their environments more
responsive to intended actions, and reducing the physical effort
3. At the same time it can take away control when the environment performs
the wrong action.

34. continue...
4. AmI technologies can raise issues at sensor level, sensor reliability, handling
errors, and installation errors can create security risks.
5. To ensure security the designer must consider these factors together with
sensor communication channel reliability and security, and sensor data security

35. AmI Applications
SMART HOMES
AmI is allowing the home itself to possess intelligence and make decisions
regarding its state and interactions with its residents.

36. AmI Applications
HEALTH RELATED APPLICATIONS
Hospitals can improve the efficiency of their services by monitoring patients’
health and progress by performing automatic analysis of activities in thier
rooms

37. AmI Applications
EDUCATION SERVICES
Education related institutions may use technology to create smart classrooms
where the modes of learning are enhanced

38. AmI Applications
EMERGENCY SERVICES
Safety related services like fire brigades can improve the reaction to a hazard
by locating the place more efficiently and also by preparing the way to reach
the place in connection with street services.

41. Ongoing challenges
1. Battery for the sensors
2. Model multiple residents in an environment
3. To design self testing and self repairing AmI software
4. Issues related to security and privacy for AmI systems

42. Conclusion
Ambient intelligence is establishing fast as an area to help society through
technology.
There are still many challenges and improvements are needed.
Ambient intelligence system will be useful to society and also make our lives
easy.

44. THANK YOU
Joshua Simon
joshsm097@gmail.com
joshuasimon97.wordpress.com
joshuasimon97.blogspot.in