Design Workshop for Fast Forward Medical Innovation 2017

1. YOU ARE A
HEALTH CARE
DESIGNER
Fast Forward Medical Innovation
Design Bootcamp

2. JAMA Pediatrics
Unitio
Lenovo
DISCLOSURES

3. JOYCE LEE, MD, MPH
www.doctorasdesigner.com
Twitter: @joyclee
NANCY BENOVICH GILBY
Professor of Entrepreneurship,
UM School of Information

4. JOYCE LEE, MD, MPH
NANCY BENOVICH GILBY
MARK NEWMAN

5. CO+LAB OBJECTIVES
1 To develop digital health prototypes using participatory
design, including mobile context-aware applications, and
artificial and virtual reality technologies
To offer interdisciplinary learning experiences for
students, including interaction with patients and
caregivers and technology skills development
To conduct design research to gain insights related to
working with technology within the context of health.
2
3

6. AGENDA
Introduction to Design
Understand the 5 basic steps of Design
Thinking
Apply design thinking to create a prototype for
health
Reflect on the creations of the entire group and
the process

7. WHAT IS DESIGN?
“Purpose, planning, or intention that
exists or is thought to exist behind an
action, fact, or material object.”

8. “Can I park here?”
“For how long?”
Nikki Sylianteng @toparkornottopark

9. Nikki Sylianteng @toparkornottopark

13. WHO IS A DESIGNER?

15. “Folk in black turtlenecks and
designer glasses working on small
things like the Apple Watch”
-Tim Brown

16. Clinician, QI Director, Researcher

17. YOU ARE A DESIGNER

18. DESIGN IS A MINDSET
“Learning to design is learning to see”
-Oliver Reichenstein

20. The needle is
opposite to the
cap
Design Flaw #1

23. >15,000
Unintentional injections
from Epi-Pens in the US
between 1994-2007

24. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
< 6
6-1218-64
Total
13-17
>64
Unintentional Injections with
Epinephrine auto-injectors
Simons, 2010

25. Greenberg, 2010
“Despite instructions rendered on the
package insert, a large number of health
care professionals including nurses,
paramedics, and physicians
inadvertently self-inject while attempting
to administer the EpiPen to patients. One
recent report chronicles a 6-year
experience at a single US poison center
that fielded 365 epinephrine injections to
the hand.”

26. Design Flaw #2
Life or death is
stressful! Don’t
make me think!

27. Design Flaw #3
It’s an awkward
size, & doesn’t fit
in your pockets

28. Blackberry iPhone

30. The cap &
needle are at the
same end
Redesign #1

31. It’s like Siri
and talks to you!
Redesign #2

32. It’s thinner and
shorter!
Redesign #3

33. It reminds me
when to refill

35. The Paternalism of Medicine

36. “patients frequently do not understand
how and when to use [the epi-pen].”
Sicherer, 2011
Blaming the Patient

37. “patients frequently do not understand
how and when to use [the epi-pen].”
Sicherer, 2011
The needle is
opposite to the
cap
Patient Problem or Design Problem?

38. “Children had only used their EpiPen device in
29% of recurrent anaphylaxis reactions. This
is perhaps unsurprising because a fear of
needles/injections is common”
Sicherer, 2011
Blaming the Patient

39. “Children had only used their EpiPen device in
29% of recurrent anaphylaxis reactions. This
is perhaps unsurprising because a fear of
needles/injections is common”
Sicherer, 2011
Life or death is
stressful! Don’t
make me think!
Patient Problem or Design Problem?

40. “patients often forget [the device],
allow it to expire”
Sicherer, 2011
Blaming the Patient

41. “patients often forget [the device],
allow it to expire”
Sicherer, 2011
It’s an awkward
size, & doesn’t fit
in your pockets
Patient Problem or Design Problem?

42. Patient problems are really
healthcare system design
problems

43. Fix the Design and It’s No Longer
the Patient’s Problem

44. Let Patients Design and they will
Fix the Problem!

45. 75%
of children fail achieve recommended
blood sugar goals in Type 1 Diabetes

46. 75%
of health care providers/systems fail to
help children achieve recommended
blood sugar goals in Type 1 Diabetes

53. Healthcare: “Fax us your numbers!”
Kid: “Mom, what’s a fax? Is it
compatible with Snapchat?”

56. Some people wonder why almost
no one uploads their pump data…
I think I know why: because
getting it to work can be like
CRAWLING. THROUGH.
BROKEN. GLASS.
@HowardLook

58. DESIGN IS A PROCESS
It’s a form of Problem Solving

59. HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN
“An approach that puts human (end-
user) needs, capabilities, and behavior
first, then designs to accommodate those
needs, capabilities, and ways of
behaving”

60. THE END-USER IN
HEALTHCARE
It’s patients and caregivers, NOT doctors
or nurses, clinic managers, insurers,
administrators, or even specialty
organizations.

61. EMPATHY
Understand a problem
before solving it

62. DEFINE
A patient-defined problem

63. IDEATE
Collaborative, creative brainstorming

64. PROTOTYPE
Sketch, draw, glue, code

65. www.diabetesemoticons.com

66. WHYAPPLYDESIGN TO
HEALTHCARE?

71. Billion dollar valuations
42 design firms have been acquired since 2004
50% have been acquired within the last year
with Accenture, Deloitte, IBM, Google, Facebook
as the most acquisitive

72. 72

73. Empathy
Define the Problem
Ideate
Share & Capture Feedback
Prototype
Test

74. How might we design the ideal clinic visit
experience?
How might we design a tool or experience to
support for health, wellness, and disease ?
How might we design tailored healthcare to
our patients individual/specific needs?

75. Understand the problem before trying to
solve it.
EMPATHY

76. Interview your client about their experiences
with healthcare, wellness, and disease
management.
Ask open-ended questions:
Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?
5 min per person

77. Address the client’s specific problems and
needs.
DEFINE

78. Define the problem.
Capture your findings and take a stand on how
to address your client’s needs.
I was surprised to learn…
The client needs a way to…
4 min individually

79. Sketch solutions for your client’s needs.
IDEATE

80. Generate ideas to test.
Sketch out solutions to your partner’s needs.
Be messy, be creative, get to a good idea.
8 min individually

81. What does your client think of your
solutions?
SHARE

82. Share your solutions and gather feedback.
This feedback will shape your next iteration.
Understand your clients’ concerns and keep
their feedback in mind.
5 min per person

83. Sketch your best idea. Remember your
client’s feedback!
PROTOTYPE

84. Prototype your solution.
Reflect on your partner’s feedback and sketch
your best ideas.
How can you best serve the client’s needs?
8 min individually

85. What could be improved?
TEST

86. Test your new prototype.
Share your prototype with your partner and get
feedback on the outcome of your design
process.
What worked? What could be improved?
5 min per person

87. What did you come up with?
REPORT OUT

88. Health Care Designers!
THANK YOU
www.healthdesignby.us
www.doctorasdesigner.com
Dr. Joyce Lee
@joyclee
joyclee@med.umich.edu
Nancy Benovich Gilby
nabgilby@umich.edu