Virtualization Simplified - Guide to Server Virtualization

Virtualization Simplified - Guide to Server
Virtualization
Joe Penney – Technology Coordinator, Madison Plains Local School District
Matt Honigford – Technical Account Manager, VMware

Madison Plains Local School District
Home of the Golden Eagles
© 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

What’s the purpose of this session?
To help you prepare…


Fiscal Impact of Virtualization

Traditional Model

10 Physical Servers
Power Consumption
Replacement of 2 Servers** @ $5,000.00* = $10,000.00 Dell PE2950

Total: $10,000.00 Yearly

Virtualized Model

2 Physical Servers (10 Virtual Servers)

1 Server per 2-3 years** @ $5,000.00 = ($1,667.00 per year(3))

ESX Software: $934.00 per ESX/yearly = $934.00 x 2 = $1,868.00
Total: $3,535.00 Yearly
Assumptions: *Physical Server Cost - $5000.00
**BP's - 20% Renewal per Year


Key Features of Virtualization

Partitioning Isolation

Run multiple virtual machines Each virtual machine is isolated
simultaneously on a single physical from other virtual machines on the
server same server

Encapsulation Hardware Independence

Virtual machines encapsulate entire
systems (hardware Run a virtual machine on any
configuration, operating server without modification
system, apps) in files

>95% of Apps Match Native Performance on Virtual Machines

ESX 2 ESX 3 ESX 3.5 ESX 4
30% - 60% 20% - 30% <10% - 20% <2% - 10% Overhead

1 vCPU 2 vCPU 4 vCPU 8 vCPU
% of Applications

< 4 GB 16 GB 64 GB 255 GB

380 Mb/s 800 Mb/s 9 Gb/s 30 Gb/s

< 10,000 20,000 100,000 > 350,000

Application Performance Requirements
1. Source: VMware Capacity Planner assessments


VMware vSphere enables you to use all those cores…

VMWare ESX Scaling:
1000 Keeping up with core
Oracle
counts

SQL Server
Virtualization provides a
means to exploit
100
Number of Cores used

Exchange the hardware’s
increasing parallelism

Avg.
Cust, Applic
ation
10
Avg. Four
Socket

Web Servers

1 Most applications
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 don’t scale beyond
Year 4/8 way


ESX 4.0 Performance with SQL Server 2008

Relative Scaling Ratio ESX achieves 90%
of native performance on
VM 147.24 4.0 vCPU VM
Native 133.12
Workload transaction
latency unchanged
94.04 between ESX 4.0
79.88 and Native

51.08
45.22

1 vCPU 2 vCPU 4 vCPU


How do I begin?
By Developing a Plan…


VMware vSphere (ESX4) – Deployment Options


Perform Assessment Using Capacity Planner

VMware Capacity Planner is…
• An optimized business and decision support tool
• Used to perform faster, more accurate and
benchmarked consolidation assessments from the
datacenter to the desktop

Capacity Planner provides:
• Complete state of the infrastructure (As-Is)
• Comprehensive future state consolidation
recommendation and roadmap (To-Be)


Capcity Analysis
Detailed Analysis
Time Based:
Server Hourly Utilization 100
Desktop Hourly Utilization compatible
100

systems, hourly
90
90 80
80 70

% Utilization
patterns, business/
70 60
% Utilization

60 50
50
40
40

30
20
30

20
peak hours
10
10
0
0
0 1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8
9 10 11
12 13 14
15 16 17
0 1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8
9 10 11
Hour of Day
12 13 14
15 16 17
18 19 20
21 22 23
All Resources:
Hour of Day 18 19 20

CPU, Memory, Disk, N
21 22 23 CPU Disk I/O Network I/O Memory
CPU Disk I/O Network I/O Memory

100
Good Consolidation etwork
90

80

70 Conversion Factors:
% Utilization

60

50
40
CPU
30
20
10
speedup, virtualization
overhead, virtualization
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Hour of Day

Server B CPU Server A CPU
Benefits
Comparisons:
hardware, groups, thre
 Output: Consolidation blueprint with VM configuration and recommendations
sholds


Or use vCenter’s Guided Consolidation

• Automatically discovers
physical servers
Discover • Analyzes utilization and
usage patterns
• Converts physical servers
to VMs placed intelligently
based on user response
Analyze

• Lowers training requirements
for new virtualization users
• Steers users through the entire
consolidation process
Convert


What are my first steps?
Put the Plan into action…


vSphere ESXi as a Solid Foundation

VMware ESXi Architecture
• True thin hypervisor: 70MB

• No general-purpose OS

• Easy to install / configure

• Very small security attack surface
ESXi 4.0
• Direct driver model = I/O scaling

• Drivers optimized for VMs

• Special treatment for drivers


VMware vCenter for “Single Pane of Glass” Management

Datacenter • Centrally manage Virtual Machines
Cluster
• Instantly provision new servers with
standardized templates
Stand-alone
• Dynamically move workloads across
Host Resource Pool servers without service interruption
Monitor system availability and performance
Automate notifications and alerting
Integrate Disaster Recovery Backup Solution


Physical to Virtual Machine Converter

Use VMware Converter To:

• Perform Physical to Virtual
P2V conversion of your
existing servers
• Resize hard disk size (both
up and down) during P2V
• Convert both Windows and
Linux machines
• Provide DR solution by
scheduling P2V of remaining
physical server on regular
basis


What are the most utilized features?
Enterprise Options/Simple Configuration…

Live Migration Of Virtual Machines with VMotion

What is it?
• Live migration of virtual
machines from one physical
server to another
Environment Impact
• Zero downtime to virtual
machines
• Continuous service availability
• Complete transaction integrity
• Supported on Fibre Channel and
iSCSI SAN and NAS (NFS)
Shared
Storage

High availability with VMware HA

What is it?
• Automatic restart of virtual machines
in case of server failure

What is its impact?

XResource Pool
• Cost effective high availability for all
applications
• No need for dedicated stand-by
hardware
• None of the cost and complexity of
clustering


Resource Optimization with DRS

What is it?
• Dynamic balancing of computing
resources across server pools
User Demand
• Intelligent resource allocation based
on pre-defined rules
Impact
• Prioritize server resource availability
• Add hardware dynamically to avoid
over-provisioning to peak load
• Automate hardware maintenance
Server Pool


Zero Downtime Maintenance with DRS

• What is it?
• Maintenance Mode moves machines
to alternate hosts in the pool.
• What is its impact?
• No application outage
• No user impact
• No server configuration changes

Resource Eliminate planned downtime!
Pool

Maintenance
Perform
Enter
Complete
Maintenance
Mode


VMware VMFS File System and Storage VMotion

Abstract Mobilize

• Distributed Cluster File • Storage VMotion moves virtual
System (VMFS) allows any machine disks from one storage
type of storage to be location to another without
attached and used with disruption or downtime
VMware


vStorage Thin Provisioning

• Virtual machine disks consume
only the amount of physical
App App App
space in use
OS OS OS

 Virtual machine sees full
logical disk size at all times
ESX
 Full reporting and alerting on
allocation and consumption
10GB 10GB
20GB 10GB
40GB
Virtual
Disks Significantly improve storage
20GB 40GB 100GB utilization
Eliminate need to over-provision
Physical virtual disks
Storage 70GB
30GB Reduce storage costs by up to 50%


VMware Fault Tolerance

Single identical VMs running in lockstep
on separate hosts
Zero downtime, zero data loss failover
for all virtual machines in case of
hardware failures
App App App
Integrated with VMware HA/DRS
FT
OS OS OS

VMware ESX VMware ESX Zero downtime, zero data loss
No complex clustering or specialized
hardware required
Single common mechanism for all
applications and OS-es
X


vNetwork Distributed Switch

Aggregated datacenter level
virtual networking
APP APP APP APP APP APP APP APP APP
OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
Simplified setup and change
vSwitch vSwitch vSwitch
Cisco Nexus 1000V
vNetwork Distributed Switch Easy
VMware vSphere™ troubleshooting, monitoring
and debugging
Enables transparent third
party management of virtual
environments


Some Additional Best Practices
Planning for success…


Leverage VMware Update Manager

• Automates patch management for
ESX Server hosts and select Microsoft
and RHEL virtual machines
 Scans and remedies online as well as
offline virtual machines and online ESX
Server hosts

OFFLINE
 Snapshots virtual machines prior to
patching and allows rollback to
snapshot

Eliminates manual tracking of patch
levels of ESX Server hosts and virtual
Update
machines
Manager
Automates enforcement of patch
standards
Reduces risk through snapshots and
offline virtual machine patching


Improve Backups with Data Recovery and vStorage API’s

Agentless file level backup

Move backup out of the virtual
machine
• A single agent running on the proxy
server rather than an agent on
every virtual machine.

Eliminate backup traffic on the
local area network
• Utilize Fibre Channel tape devices
for virtual machine backups

Pre-integrated with major
3rd-party backup products


Storage is key!

Storage misconfiguration is responsible
for ~80% of performance problems
File

Guest
System
Guest
Arrays expected to respond in about 10-
20 ms
Excepted additional storage latency due
Monitor Monitor to ESX about 100 us
Virtual SCSI ESX has demonstrated 350K IOPS or
250 Oracle DBs on one server
File System

I/O Drivers
Use vSphere to optimize your storage

Physical
Hardware


Application scale out may be better than sale up…

8,000 Mailboxes 16,000 Mailboxes

Server with 16 cores Server with 16 cores
Running one instance of running 6 instances
Exchange of Exchange


Take it from Experience…

Some lessons learned:
• Don’t P2V domain controllers!!!

• Don’t forget your Snapshots!!!

• Size storage correctly (IOPS/Capacity)

• Don’t change vSwitch names while running!

• Use nice switch (possibly one that supports VLAN’s)

• Segment traffic for VM’s/iSCSI/etc.

• Use redundant components whenever possible

OARnet and VMware Partnership

Agreement allows OARnet to distribute and license VMware
solutions to Ohio colleges and universities
• Reduce the current and future operating cost for K-12
education through aggregate purchase of VMware products
• Expand program benefits through the inclusion of all education
(K-20)

Potential Savings: $130 million over 3 years
• Reduction in hardware (servers, desktops) budgets
• Reduction in operational and maintenance costs
• “Green IT” due to lower use of energy and space

For information, go to http://www.oar.net and click on
“Purchase VMware”

Q&A

Thank You!


Virtualization Simplified - Guide to Server Virtualization

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