1. Name: Kailash Sahu Batch: K4 Name of the units : Aviation Assignment Assessor Name: KaveriPratab

4. Air Line Industry The Airline Industry encompasses a single aircraft conveying cargo articles and mail to different places to the numerous aircrafts carrying passengers to the different parts of the world. Services of the Airline industry can be segregated as domestic, regional, within the continent or travel between continents. A thorough analysis of the Airline industry will essentially comprise all of the above. Records show that the demand for airline travel has been increasing. Deregulation in the Airline industry led to flexibility in the prices of the airline tickets.

5. Introduction This work is study on the development of aviation in India ,low cost airlines, domestic airlines and improving economy of India. This gives us an idea about cockpit, cargo and about the relevance of a cabin crew. This covers the area like dealing the special passengers and also about airbus.

6. Aviation industry in India Air travel remains a large and growing industry. It facilitates economic growth, world trade, international investment and tourism and is therefore central to the globalization taking place in many other industries. Aviation by its very nature constitutes the elitist part of our country's infrastructure.

7. Low cost airlines A low cost carrier of low cost airline is an airline that offers generally low fares in exchange for eliminating many traditional passengers services. It is also known as a no-frills or discount carrier airline. The concept originated in the United States before spreading to Europe in the early 1990s and subsequently to much of the rest of the world.

9. List of low cost airlines Kingfisher Airline. Indigo Airline. Go Airline. Spice Jet Airline. Air India. Jet Lite Airline. Paramount Airline. Jet Airline.

10. Domestic Airlines In India

11. Some details about the domestic airlines Indigo airlines: Indigo Airlines commenced operations on 4th august 2006 with a service from Delhi to Imphal via Guwahati. If you're looking to fly with a low cost airline, Indigo offers good value for money. It has 11% of market share. Go Air airlines: Go Air is a small privately owned, low cost airline that started operating in late 2005. It has almost a 5% market share. Spice jet airlines:Spicejet is a low-cost airline based in New delhi, India. It began service in May 2005. Earlier known as Royal Airways. Spice jet marked its entry in service with Rs-99 fares for the first 99 days and there were 9000 seats available at this rate .

12. 4. Jet lite:Jet Lite used to be Air Sahara until Jet Airways successfully took the company over in mid 2007. The low cost airline focuses on providing flights that connect India's capital cities and it has a 7% share of the market. 5. Kingfisher airlines: Kingfisher Airlines is another highly regarded full service airline. It started operating in mid 2005 and has a 15% market share. 6. Jet airlines:Jet Airways is widely regarded as India's biggest and best airline. It's a privately owned, full service airline that commenced operating in mid 1993. It's now captured almost 23% of the market.

13. India’s improving economy The Aviation industry in India encompasses a wide range of services related to air transport such as passenger and cargo airlines Development in economy means more contraction of runways, airports, etc. thus more planes can fly. The Aviation sector has reaped massive benefit from the entry of private carriers, especially from those of the low fare ones. The growth of the airlines sector has caused a sharp upturn in demand for allied services including MRO, ground handling, and catering services. India is second largest growing country after China The economic growth in India is 7% earlier it was 9% but due to increased fuel prize and resection the growth is decreased to 7%

14. P1b

15. The exterior parts of the aircraft

16. Describe the exterior parts FUSELAGE : It is the central body potion of a plane designed to carry fuel, passengers, freight & mail. The part of the aircraft, which is streamlined, and the wings and the tails are attached to it. It is made up of Duralium i.e. an alloy of Aluminium, nickel & cobalt. COCKPIT:A cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually near the front of an aircraft , from which a pilot controls the aircraft. It is a place where from which flight is controlled on the ground and in the air. CABIN: An aircraft cabin is the section of an aircraft in which passengers travel, often just called the cabin.The portion of enclosed airplane intended for transporting passengers or freight. WINGS :The parts of the plane that provide lift & support the weight of the plane, its passengers, crew & cargo while the plane is in flight. FLAPS: The movable portion of the wings closest to the fuselage. These are control surfaces installed on the trailing edge of a wing and used to increase the amount of lift generated by the wing at slower speeds.

17. AILERONS :Ailerons are hinged control surfaces attached to the trailing edge of the wing of a fixed-wing aircraft .The ailerons are used to control the aircraft in roll RUDDER :The rudder is one of three primary flight control surfaces found on an airplane. It is a movable surface hinged to the fixed surface that is located at the rear of the aircraft called the vertical stabilizer, or fin. The rudder controls movement of the airplane about its vertical axis and causes the airplane 's nose to move to the right or left and point in a different direction. HORIZONTAL STABILIZER :This is the horizontal part of the tail assembly, the small wings at the rear of an aircraft’s fuselage. It balances the lift forces generated by the main wings further forward on the fuselage. The stabilizer also usually contains the elevator. UNDERCARRIAGE :It is located underneath the plane, it allows the plane to land and supports it while it is on ground. It also has the mechanism to reduce and absorb the shock of landing to acceptable limits. SPOILER :Spoilers are small, hinged plates on the top portion of wings. Spoilers can be used to slow an aircraft, or to make an aircraft descend, if they are deployed on both wings. Spoilers can also be used to generate a rolling motion for an aircraft, if they are deployed on only one wing.

18. The interiors parts of the aircraft

19. Describe the interiors parts Aisle: A passage between two sections of seats, comprising of horizontally placed rows that is located from the nose to tail of the aircraft without any obstruction. Bulkhead: Partitions or walls in the fuselage to make compartments for different purposes. Doghouse: A small cupboard, placed on the floor of the aircraft on casters, usually behind the last row of seats in every zone of the plane used for storage purposes. Overhead : Medium sized compartments placed along the sidewall of the aircraft, fitted with a door, meant for stowage of the carry-on baggage of the passenger during flight. Emergency Exits: Doors & Windows used specially in case of emergency besides being used as normal exits. Galley: The ‘kitchen’ of the aircraft is called the galley. Lavatory: All lavatory are similar in design, though size and contour may very depending on its location

20. P3a

22. Passenger address system- This system is used to make announcements, give information etc to the passenger on board during an emergency. Announcements can be made from all handsets & the flight deck. Many aircrafts have pre- recorded ones as well when announcements in regional languages are necessary.

24. P2a&b

25. Aviation Terms Altimeter- An altimeter that reads accurate indications in absolute. Altitude- The elevation/height above the surface of the earth. Ambient Pressure- The pressure of the air that surrounds the aircraft the outside. Auxiliary Power Unit(APU)- A small turbine engine used to provide electrical power and bleed air for ground operations only. Bank- The turning of an aircraft to its left or right with the help of slats and flaps. Bay- A defused area for parking a single aircraft. Bulkhead- Partitions or walls in the fuselage to make compartments for different purposes. Leading Edge- The foremost edge of the aerofoil/wing. Ground Power Unit- Used to provide on board electrical aircraft power on the ground. Trailing Edge- The rearmost edge of the aerofoil.

26. P3a, b &c

28. Pilot and co pilots are not allowed to eat same meal at a time because there may be chance of food poisoning

29. The hot braver ages are given by the side of the cockpit for safety

30. Crew is not allowed to go in cargo compartment

32. Cabin Crew An employee of an airline who is primarily responsible for the safety and comfort of passengers during their flight is called crew or a flight Attendant. Flight attendants or cabin crew are members of an airlines primarily to ensure the safety but also the comfort of passengers aboard.

33. Qualities of A Cabin Crew TECHNICHAL KNOWLEDGE MATURITY ADAPTABILITY JUDGEMENT TACT GROOMING POSSITIVE THINK FRIENDLY EMPATHETIC SINCERE POSITIVE ATTITUDE DEDICATED GOOD LISTENER A GOOD COMMUNICATOR

34. GROOMING: A well groomed person is only approachable in airlines. A cabin crew should maintain their level of hygiene and should be presentable to the customers. POSITIVE ATTITUDE: A cabin crew with positive attitude is sure of himself, assured, confident. A positive attitude leads to the development of all other traits and also has a overall winning personality. EMPATHY: A cabin crew should be empathetic towards the passengers because once people feel you are totally understanding their feelings and needs they are more willing to understand you. GOOD LISTENING SKILL: Having a Good listening skills makes a cabin crew more productive. It helps to build rapport with the customers. Helps to work better in a team based environment. Mainly it helps to resolve problems of the customers. DEDICATED: A CABIN CREW SHOULD BE DEDICATED AND WORK TO ATTAIN 100% SATISFACTION OF THE CUSTOMERS. A DEDICATED PERSON ALWAYS ACHEIVES SUCCESS IN LIFE. SINCERITY: A sincere person is generally understood to be truth in word and act. A cabin crew should be sincere towards the job. A sincere person is always serious towards the work given.

35. Responsibilities Of Cabin Crew The main responsibility of a cabin crew is safety of the passengers, The second responsibility is passenger comfort The crew must have some qualities to do their work properly The crew on board is as much as the ambassador of the company because he/she represents the company The crew should be well groomed, The crew must have pleasant personality, charming voice quality and ability to solve problems of passengers

36. The primary functions of a crew Safety Service Uniforms and presentation Safety Responsibilities The majority of a flight attendant's duties are safety related. Prior to each flight, the crew have to check all the equipment’s working properly, The flight can not go even if any one equipment is not working properly, The crew demonstrates use of the equipment’s in any emergency to the passengers

37. Service The main function of a crew on board is safety but the second function is to provide proper service to the passengers The service includes distribution of food and beverages to the passengers Distribution of the magazines and newspapers to the passengers Distribution of games to the kids Helping the passengers if they require the help Uniforms & Presentation Their standards of Grooming, Behaviour, & their wearing of the uniform to acceptable standards must reflect this. They are recruited to a specification, which will require a minimum standard. Female Attendants are expected to use Appropriate cosmetics All attendants must have very high level of personal hygiene.

38. Task-3 P3b,2c

39. A Range of Different type of Passengers, with special requirements, Procedures of Identification and handling. And also the Embarkation and Disembarkation Procedures for these Passengers are as follows : Expectant mother

40. Expectant mother Women beyond the 28th week of pregnancy are not allowed to fly on most airlines. If so, a doctors certificate is required if such a passenger needs to fly to cover the airlines responsibility. The emergency procedures regarding fasting of seat belts for the expectant mother is demonstrated by the cabin crew to her. She is also advised to deplane last.

41. Task-4 4a,b

42. SAFETY EQUIPMENTS IN AIRCRAFT 1.Oxygen mask 2.Life jacket 2.Automatically inflatable vests found under every seats on board to help in floatation during ditching. Children's life vests are also present in smaller sizes. 1.Placed in overhead cabins to manipulate decompression in the cabin for every passengers.

43. 3.Portable Oxygen bottle 4. Megaphone 4.Hand held loudspeakers used by crew to enable them to direct emergency evacuation procedures by being heard over various sounds associated with the emergency . 3.Oxygen may be classified as an element, a gas, and a drug. Oxygen therapy is the administration of oxygen at concentrations greater than that in room air to treat or prevent hypoxemia (not enough oxygen in the blood).

44. 5.ELT 6.Fire extinguisher 5.The ELT (Emergency Locator Transmitter) is designed to Emergency signal on 121.5MHz. and 243.0MHz. automatically on impact by the use of a "G" switch or by manual activation. With ELT’s, Search and Rescue teams may more easily pinpoint the exact location of downed Aircraft. ELT’s are now also enhanced by Satellite detection 6.Devices used to contain & overcome fire. They are of two types : halon and water.

45. P1a&b

46. Passenger Choking Choking is the mechanical obstruction of the flow of air from the environment into the lungs. Chocking prevents breathing and can be partial or complete, with partial choking allow some, although inadequate, flow of air into the lungs. Prolonged or complete choking results in asphyxiation which leads to hypoxia and is potentially fatal.

47. Choking can be caused by:- Introduction of a foreign object into the airway, which becomes lodged in the pharynx, larynx or trachea. Respiratory diseases that involves obstruction of the airway. Compression of the laryngopharynx, larynx or trachea in strangles

48. Task-5

49. Bangalore Airport Doha Airport

50. Imagine I’m a Cabin Crew Ready Time- 12.45 morning. Cab coming- 1.15 morning. Flight time- 2.30 morning. Flight Name- Qatar Airlines. Airport- Bangalore international to Doha international Destination- Bangalore to Qatar. Pre Flight Checks- Sit, Life vest and safety card. In flight Hindi announcement. Duties- Door number 6. Service- Meal and Beverage's. Before landing- Closed all galley, cup board, overhead, put on sit belt every passenger and etc. Rest area- Qatar National Hotel.

51. Task-6 D

52. Airbus a380

53. The new airbus A-380 is a double-deck wide body. Four engine airline manufacture by Europe. The large passenger airline in the world, it designed to carry 555 passenger in the class configuration A-380 is a also termed as the “super jumbo” of aviation industry. A380 provides more than 80% of the floor place than A300 A380 also possess some luxury area as the gymnasiums, bar, beauty salon, etc for more passenger comfort. Lower fuel consumption . Noise level is lower of any existing aircraft. Window is also bigger, provide more natural light. Wireless Network Will Provides Wireless Broad Band Internet

54. LATEST TECHNOLOGY Airbus partners employed the latest technology, some derived from the Concorde . On entry into service in 1974, the A300 was very advanced and influenced later subsonic airliner designs. The technological highlights include: supercritical air foil section for economical performance. advanced aerodynamically efficient flight controls. 222-inch diameter circular fuselage section for 8-abreast passenger seating and wide enough for 2 LD3 cargo containers side-by-side. Structures made from metal billets , reducing weight. First airliner to be fitted with wind shear protection. Advanced autopilots capable of flying the aircraft from climb-out to landing. Electrically controlled braking system. Later A300s incorporate other advanced features such as: 2-man crew by automating the flight engineer & apos; s functions, an industry first. Glass cockpit flight instruments. Centre-of-gravity control by shifting around fuel. Wingtip fences for better aerodynamics (first introduced on the A310-300 ).

57. The Airbus A300 is a short- to medium-range wide body aircraft. Launched in 1972 as the world first twin-engined wide body. The Beluga is capable of carrying loads of just over 1,500m³ or up to 47t (103,616lb) over a distance of 900 nautical miles. Lighter loads are transported over longer distances, for example, 40t to 1,500 nautical miles and 26t to a range of over 2,500 nautical miles. A-380 The 555 seat Airbus A380-800, with a non-stop range of 8,000nm, was launched in December 2000. The A380 maximum operating speed is Mach 0.89 and the range is 15,000km.“ The A380 has twin-aisle cabins on the upper and lower decks, with 49% more floor space for 35% higher seating capacity.“ The A380 is equipped with four 70,000lb thrust engines“. The aircraft can complete a 180° turn within a width of 56.5m, within the 60m width dimension of standard runways. Comparing A-300 with latest technology

59. Passenger get more comfort than any others do mode of transport.

60. Due to the emergency of the LCC (low cost carriers) even common man can now travel by air which was a rare scenario in the earlier days.

61. Development in economy.

62. Improves standard of living.

63. More job opportunity.

64. Improvement in business sector.

65. Improves technology.

66. Opportunity to visit different countries.

67. The aviation industry is one of the fastest growing industry in the world .

68. As earlier it used to take weeks to cross the ocean but now its just a matter of hours..

69. The growth rate of domestic and international sector has been more than 25% which is highest in he world.

71. It brings air pollution and increase in air traffic.

72. Hijack, bomb threat and emergency landing.

73. As there has been a hike in fuel charges, the airlines have increased their fares .

74. The air tickets will not be affordable to the common man and it would be only for high class society people.

75. No new aircrafts will be purchased .

76. Some airlines had cancelled all flights on routes that are un economic.

77. Airline increased their extra charges such as baggage handling to cover over all increased cost.

78. For crew members Very risky.

79. Limited Flying Cannot choose Destination Shouting from Passenger.

80. Cleaning the Washroom and vomits.

81. Taking care of medical passengers.

82. Handling Drunk Passenger with Abusive behaviour.

83. No social life.

84. Fatigue.

86. Conclusion This work helped me to Identify the parts of an aircraft, cockpit, roles of a cabin crew. This also helped me in knowing more about Airbus A300 and A380. I got an idea about the emergencies that we will have to face. I came to know about the safety and emergency equipment's also. Now Aviation is booming and many people are like to work with this industry.

88. www.wikipedia.com

89. www.airbus.com

90. www.airliners.net