1. BIRTH CONTROL
CHAPTER 9
By: Kara Sexton
Women’s Health Issues
HE 210- OL

2. REASONS TO USE BIRTH
CONTROL
 Protect
against
unplanned pregnancy
 SOME methods protect
against STI/ STD
 Clearer Skin
 Lighter periods/ PMS
relief
 Helps protect against
come cancers

3. TYPES OF BIRTH CONTROL..
Abstinence
 Birth Control Implant
 The Patch
 The Pill
 The Shot
 The Sponge
 Diaphragm
 Cervical Cap

Condom (male and
female)
 The Vaginal Ring
 IUD
 Spermicide
 Withdrawal
 Sterilization for men
and women
 Morning After Pill


4. A CLOSER LOOK..
Abstinence


Taking part in other kinds
of sex play that don't lead
to pregnancy. Known as
outercourse.
Or not having vaginal
intercourse when a
woman is more prone to
getting pregnant or
periodic abstinence and
having fertility
awareness-based
methods of birth control.

Pros
Doesn’t require planning or a
prescription
 Inexpensive
 Can be carried easily
 No side effects


Cons
Reduce sensitivity
 Allergies


5. Birth Control Implant
The birth control
implant is flexible
plastic implant that is
inserted under the skin
of the upper arm.
 It protects against
pregnancy for up to
three years


Pros
Immediately Effective
 Private/ hidden
 Effective for up to 3 years


Cons



Does not protect against
STI/STD
Placement and removal
require a doctor
Can be expelled

6. The Patch
The birth
control patch is a
thin plastic
patch that sticks to the skin
and is placed once a week

The Pill
o Birth control pills are
a kind of medication
that women can take
daily to prevent
pregnancy

Pros
May cause lighter periods and
relieve PMS symptoms
 Protect against uterine and
ovarian cancers
 May reduce cysts
 Does not require a pelvic exam
for use


Cons
Does not protect against STI
 Must be taken directly and
daily – easily forgotten
 Increases risk of blood
clots, heart attack and stroke
 Requires prescription


7. The Shot

Pros
Most private method
 Does not require daily or
monthly attention
 May stop bleeding
 May reduce ovarian and uterine
cancer

The birth control shot is
an injection of
hormones that
prevents pregnancy.
 Each shot prevents
pregnancy for three
months.


Cons
Does not protect against STI
 Causes loss of bone density
 May delay ability to conceive
after stopping use
 Weight gain


8. The Sponge


The sponge is made of
plastic foam and contains
spermicide.
It is soft, round, and about
two inches in diameter & is
inserted into the vagina
before intercourse.

Can be inserted hours before
sex
 Can be used for multiple acts
 Does not effect periods
 Slightly hidden

The Diaphragm

The diaphragm is a shallow,
dome-shaped cup with a
flexible rim that is inserted
into the vagina
Cervical Cap

The cervical cap is a silicone
cup shaped like a sailor's hat.
You insert it into your vagina
and over your cervix
Pros

Cons
Does not protect against
STI/STD
 Low effectiveness
 Requires pelvic exam and fitting
 Increase risk of bladder infection


9. Condom (male)

Condoms are worn on
the penis during
intercourse. They are
made of thin latex or
plastic that has been
molded into the shape of
a penis.

Does not require
planning
 Inexpensive and easy
to carry around
 Protects against STI’s

Condom (female)

The female condom is
a pouch that is inserted
before intercourse to
prevent pregnancy
Pros

Cons
Reduce sensitivity
 Some men can’t
maintain erection
 Allergies


10. Vaginal Ring

The vaginal
ring is a small,
flexible ring a
woman inserts into her
vagina once a month to
prevent pregnancy
Pros
Can be worn for
approximately one month
 Private/ hidden
 Does not need to be fitted
 May reduce PMS



Cons
May cause discharge
 Does not protect against
STI’s


11. IUD
IUD stands for
"intrauterine device,"
it’s a small T-shaped
device made of flexible
plastic.
 There are two types
available in the United
States — copper
and hormonal


Pros
Immediately effective
 Private/ hidden
 Nothing to remember
 Lasts up to 3 years


Cons
Does not protect against
STI’s
 Placement and removal
require clinical visits
 Can be expelled
 Perforation of the uterus
wall can occur


12. Spermicide

Spermicide is a birth
control method that
contains chemicals that
stop sperm from
moving

Pros
Available without
prescription
 Lubrication may increase
pleasure


Cons
Women who use more
than once a day appear to
have higher risk of HIV
transmission
 Low effectiveness
 Can be messy
 May cause irritation


13. Withdrawal

Pulling the penis out of
the vagina before
ejaculation

Pros
Promotes
communication
between partners
 Free
 No health risks


Cons
No protection against
STI’s or STD’s
 Requires self-control
and experience
 Risky


14. Sterilization (male)


Vasectomy- a health
care provider closes or
blocks the tubes that
carry sperm
Permanent- requires no
attention
 Cost effective
 Males is less complicated


Sterilization (female)

A health care provider
closes or blocks a
woman's fallopian tubes
Cutting and tying tubes
Closing tubes with
electrical current
 Closing tubes with
clips, clamps, or rings


Pros
Cons
Possible regret
 Does not protect against
STI
 Requires surgery
(women's more
complicated and risky)
 Not reversible


15. Morning After Pill
Should NOT be used as a method for regular birth control
EMERGENCY contraceptive only


Pill taken to prevent
pregnancy after
unprotected
intercourse
Pros


Can be taken in an
emergency
Cons
Nausea
 Vomiting


16. THAT’S A LOT TO TAKE IN..
With so many options for
birth control its tough to
say what’s best for you..
BUT the most effective
method of birth control
is..