3. Surface Anatomy of anterior thoracic wall
Thoracic Lines
Breast Quadrants
Anatomy of Breast ( structures )
Arterial Supply of Breast
Venous Drainage of Breast
Lymphatic Drainage of Breast
Clinical
Acknowledgment
References
8. A physician’s record might state, “ A hard irregular mass was
felt in the superior medial quardant of the breast at 2 O’clock
position, approx 2.5 cm from the margin of the areola”
17. CAUSES OF BREAST CANCER:
AGE
FAMILY HISTORY
GENDER
HARMONAL EFFECTS
LONG MENNSTRUAL CYCLE
PREGNANCY
BREAST FEEDING
DIET
GENETIC MUTATION
18. CLASSIFICATION
NON INVASIVE
I. DUCTUL CARCINOMA INSITU
II. LOBULAR CARCINOMA
INVASIVE
I. INVASIVE DUCTUL CARCINOMA >80 %
II. INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA 15%
III. MEDULLARY CARCINOMA
IV. COLLOID CARCINOMA
V. INFLIMATORY CARCINOMA
19. • LOCAL SPREAD ( into the chest wall)
• LYMPHATIC SPREAD
I. Axillary lymph nodes 70 %
II. Internal mammary lymph nodes
III. Supra clavicular lymph nodes
IV. Contra lateral lymph node
• HEMATOGENOUS SPREAD
I. Bone
II. Liver
III. Lungs
IV. Brain
20. I. CLINICAL FEATURES
Lump in breast, ulcerated,
Skin thickens around hair folicles
Blood stain discharge
Lymphadeopathy
Bony pain
Pleural effusion
Hemoptysis
21. VI. INVESTIGATIONS
1. For diagnosis of malegnancy.
Cut needle biopsy
Incisiosonal biopsy
2. Local extent of Diesease
Assesed by MRI
3. Lymph node involvement
Clinical judgement
Lymph node biopsy
4. Systemic spread
Pulmonary metastasis
X ray of chest
Liver and kidney ultrasound
Brain CT scan
22. I. STAGE 0
Surgery alone
II. STAGE 1 & 2
Surgery + chemotherapy +
radiotherapy + hormone therapy
III. STAGE I
Operable
Inoperable
IV. STAGE 4
Chemotherapy + radiotherapy + hormonal therapy +
mastectomy
23. ALLAH ALMIGHTY
MY PARENTS
FROF. DR. KHALID FAHEEM
SIR DR. MUJAHID AKBER
FACULTY
SYED KASHIF HUSSAIN, BASHARAT
, MUSTANSAR, MEHMOOD
MY FRIENDS
24. KEITH L MOORE 6TH EDITION
SYSTEMIC SURGERY BY ABDUL WAHAB DOGAR
B.D CHAURASIA
GRAYS ANATOMY
NET SURFING
I. www.thepoint.lww.com
ii. www.google.com
iii. www.studentconsult.com