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A Geographer’s World


Introduction to Geography Chapter 1
Holt Social Studies
Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World

SECTION 1: STUDYING GEOGRAPHY
Studying Geography
 • Section 1 Main Ideas
   •   Geography is the study of the world, its
       people, and the landscapes they create
   •   Geographers look at the world in many
       different ways
   •   Maps and other tools help geographers
       study the planet
If YOU lived there…
 • You have just moved to Miami, Florida, from
   your old home in Pennsylvania. Everything
   seems very different – from the weather and
   the trees to the way people dress and talk.
   Even the streets and buildings look different.
   One day you get an e-mail from a friend at
   your old school. “What’s it like living there?”
   he asks.
    • HOW WILL YOU DESCRIBE YOUR NEW HOME?
Studying Geography
 • What is Geography?
 • Landscape
    • All the human and
      physical features that
      make a place unique
 • Geography as a Science
   and Social Science
 • Three levels of
   Geography
    • Local Level
    • Regional Level
    • Global Level
Studying Geography
 • The Geographer’s
   Tools
   •   Maps and Globes
        • Flat Drawing vs.
          spherical model
 • Satellite Images
 • Computer Programs
   •   GIS
 • Interviews
Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World

SECTION 2: GEOGRAPHY THEMES
AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
If YOU lived there…
 • Your older sister has offered to drive you to
   a friend’s house across town, but she
   doesn’t know how to get there. You know
   your friend’s street address and what the
   apartment building looks like. You know it’s
   near the public library. You also would
   recognize some landmarks in the
   neighborhood, such as the video store and
   supermarket.
   •   WHAT MIGHT HELP YOUR SISTER FIND THE
       HOUSE?
Geography Themes and Essential
Elements
 • Main Ideas
   •   The five themes of geography help us
       organize our studies of the world
   •   The six essential elements of geography
       highlight some of the subject’s most
       important ideas
The Five Themes of Geography
 •   Location
 •   Place
 •   Human-Environment Interaction
 •   Movement
 •   Regions
Location
 • Describes where
   something is
 • The mountain
   shown here, Mount
   Rainer, is in west-
   central Washington
 • Relative Location vs.
   Absolute Location
Place
 • Describes the
   features that make a
   site unique.
 • For
   example, Washingto
   n, D.C., is our
   nation’s capital and
   has many great
   monuments
Human-Environment Interaction
 • People interact with
   their environments
   in many ways.
 • Some, like this
   woman in
   California, use the
   land to grow crops
Movement
 • This theme looks at
   how and why
   people, things, and
   ideas move.
 • Airports like this one
   in
   Dallas, Texas, help
   people move around
   the world.
Region
 • Regions are areas
   that share common
   characteristics.
 • The Mojave
   Desert, shown
   here, is defined by
   its distinctive climate
   and plant life.
The Six Essential Elements
 • Help identify the most important ideas
   in the study of geography
   •   The World in Spatial Terms
   •   Places and Regions
   •   Physical Systems
   •   Human Systems
   •   Environment and Society
   •   The Uses of Geography
Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World

SECTION 3: THE BRANCHES OF
GEOGRAPHY
If YOU lived there…
 • You are talking to two friends about the
   vacations their families will take this summer.
   One friend says that his family is going to the
   Grand Canyon. He is very excited about seeing
   the spectacular landscapes in and around the
   canyon. Your other friend’s family is going to
   visit Nashville, Tennessee. She is looking
   forward to trying new foods at the city’s
   restaurants and touring its museums.
    • WHICH VACATION SOUNDS MOST INTERESTING?
     WHY?
The Branches of Geography
 • Main Ideas
   •   Physical geography is the study of
       landforms, water bodies, and other
       physical features.
   •   Human geography focuses on people, their
       culture, and the landscapes they create.
   •   Other branches of geography examine
       specific aspects of the physical or human
       world.
Physical Geography
 • What causes different
   features found on the
   planet
 • Keep careful records
   of temperatures of
   places, heights of
   mountains, etc.
 • Study changes to
   planet so that we can
   prepare to live with
   those changes
Human Geography
 • People are part of the
   geography equation
 • Study the world’s
   people; past and
   present
 • Study how people in
   different places address
   basic human needs
   (food, water, shelter)
 • Help plan cities, and
   sometimes protect
   environment
Other Fields of Geography
• Cartography
  •   Science of making maps
• Hydrology
  •   The study of water on
      earth (ie. River
      systems, rainfall patters)
• Meteorology
  •   The study of weather
      and what causes it

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A Geographer’s World

  • 1. A Geographer’s World Introduction to Geography Chapter 1 Holt Social Studies
  • 2. Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World SECTION 1: STUDYING GEOGRAPHY
  • 3. Studying Geography • Section 1 Main Ideas • Geography is the study of the world, its people, and the landscapes they create • Geographers look at the world in many different ways • Maps and other tools help geographers study the planet
  • 4. If YOU lived there… • You have just moved to Miami, Florida, from your old home in Pennsylvania. Everything seems very different – from the weather and the trees to the way people dress and talk. Even the streets and buildings look different. One day you get an e-mail from a friend at your old school. “What’s it like living there?” he asks. • HOW WILL YOU DESCRIBE YOUR NEW HOME?
  • 5. Studying Geography • What is Geography? • Landscape • All the human and physical features that make a place unique • Geography as a Science and Social Science • Three levels of Geography • Local Level • Regional Level • Global Level
  • 6. Studying Geography • The Geographer’s Tools • Maps and Globes • Flat Drawing vs. spherical model • Satellite Images • Computer Programs • GIS • Interviews
  • 7. Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World SECTION 2: GEOGRAPHY THEMES AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
  • 8. If YOU lived there… • Your older sister has offered to drive you to a friend’s house across town, but she doesn’t know how to get there. You know your friend’s street address and what the apartment building looks like. You know it’s near the public library. You also would recognize some landmarks in the neighborhood, such as the video store and supermarket. • WHAT MIGHT HELP YOUR SISTER FIND THE HOUSE?
  • 9. Geography Themes and Essential Elements • Main Ideas • The five themes of geography help us organize our studies of the world • The six essential elements of geography highlight some of the subject’s most important ideas
  • 10. The Five Themes of Geography • Location • Place • Human-Environment Interaction • Movement • Regions
  • 11. Location • Describes where something is • The mountain shown here, Mount Rainer, is in west- central Washington • Relative Location vs. Absolute Location
  • 12. Place • Describes the features that make a site unique. • For example, Washingto n, D.C., is our nation’s capital and has many great monuments
  • 13. Human-Environment Interaction • People interact with their environments in many ways. • Some, like this woman in California, use the land to grow crops
  • 14. Movement • This theme looks at how and why people, things, and ideas move. • Airports like this one in Dallas, Texas, help people move around the world.
  • 15. Region • Regions are areas that share common characteristics. • The Mojave Desert, shown here, is defined by its distinctive climate and plant life.
  • 16. The Six Essential Elements • Help identify the most important ideas in the study of geography • The World in Spatial Terms • Places and Regions • Physical Systems • Human Systems • Environment and Society • The Uses of Geography
  • 17. Holt Chapter 1 – A Geographer’s World SECTION 3: THE BRANCHES OF GEOGRAPHY
  • 18. If YOU lived there… • You are talking to two friends about the vacations their families will take this summer. One friend says that his family is going to the Grand Canyon. He is very excited about seeing the spectacular landscapes in and around the canyon. Your other friend’s family is going to visit Nashville, Tennessee. She is looking forward to trying new foods at the city’s restaurants and touring its museums. • WHICH VACATION SOUNDS MOST INTERESTING? WHY?
  • 19. The Branches of Geography • Main Ideas • Physical geography is the study of landforms, water bodies, and other physical features. • Human geography focuses on people, their culture, and the landscapes they create. • Other branches of geography examine specific aspects of the physical or human world.
  • 20. Physical Geography • What causes different features found on the planet • Keep careful records of temperatures of places, heights of mountains, etc. • Study changes to planet so that we can prepare to live with those changes
  • 21. Human Geography • People are part of the geography equation • Study the world’s people; past and present • Study how people in different places address basic human needs (food, water, shelter) • Help plan cities, and sometimes protect environment
  • 22. Other Fields of Geography • Cartography • Science of making maps • Hydrology • The study of water on earth (ie. River systems, rainfall patters) • Meteorology • The study of weather and what causes it