Sustainable Consumption and Production Policy and Waste Management: Case of Thailand by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Alice Sharp Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University
1. Sustainable Consumption and Production
Policy and Waste Management: Case of
Thailand
Assoc. Prof. Dr.Alice Sharp
Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology
Thammasat University
alice@siit.tu.ac.th
3. 15.03 MillionTons
Generated 100%
3.3 MillionTons
Actual Recycled 22%
From recovery activities:
Garbage Banks,
Municipal Collectors,
junk shops
Recyclable
Potential 80%
12.63 millionTons
Improper
Disposed 63%
Open Dump
Sites
Open Burning
Collected 84%
12.02 MillionTons
Sanitary
Disposed 37% 98 Operated Sites
* 93 Landfills
* 2 Incinerators
* 3 Integrated SW
22 Under
construction
Situation of Solid Waste Management in
Thailand
3
Source : Pollution Control Department
http://infofile.pcd.go.th/mgt/Overview_waste.pdf?CFID=6073453&CFTOKEN=56977045
4. Waste UtilizationMillion Ton
Waste utilizationWaste Generation
Compost/
Biogas
15%
Recyclable
materials
82%
Electricity/
renewable energy
generation 3%
Waste Utilization
4
Source : Pollution Control Department
http://infofile.pcd.go.th/mgt/Overview_waste.pdf?CFID=6073453&CFTOKEN=56977045
5. Sustainable Consumption and Production
and Solid Waste
Natural
Resources
Production
Consumption
Waste
Generation
Waste
Management
4
6. National Waste Management Policy
Internal factors
• social & economic development
• Government policy
• Awareness in resource and
energy conservation
• pollution situation
External factors
• international agreement
• trade and environment
• international standard
• Global environmental
issues
National Waste
Management Policy
Participation of
stakeholders
Integrated
technology
Clustering
Promoting
3Rs
6
7. Policy Frameworks
1 Applying 3Rs for achieving waste reduction &
utilization;
2 Promoting the integrated waste management
system to reduce the landfill areas, increase waste
utilization, and generate the renewable energy;
3 Encouraging the cooperation of adjacent Local
Governments for establishment of waste
management facility;
4 Endorsing public and private sectors to participate in
waste management project.
7
8. Applying 3Rs for achieving waste
reduction & utilization
8
Green Design
Product Labeling
Green procurement
10. RDF
Power Generator
MSW
Organic Wastes
Anaerobic
Digestion Tank #
1
Anaerobic
Digestion Tank #
2
Sludgedryer
Reusable waterWastewater treatment (Aerated largoon)
Composting system Compost
Water Separator
Manual sorter
Metal sorter
Small size organic waste
Light weight (Plastics)
Biogas
Landfill (sand/gravel)
Landfill (sand/gravel)
Metal
Mechanical sorter
Bag Opener
Homogenizer
Recyclable
Nakhon Ratchasima - Waste Treatment System
180 T/d
50 T/d
8 T/d
21 T/d
800 kW
Gasification หรือ เตาเผาผลิต
พลังงาน
10
11. Alternative Energy Development Plan 10 Year
DevelopmentTowards
Low Carbon Society
R&D Budget
Investment from
private sector
Solar Wind Bio-energy Bio-Fuel
Waste
New forms of EnergyHydro power
Target for renewable energy = 25% in 2021
Barrel
Renewable energy
in 2011 = 8.98%
11
12. Waste>100 T/d 25 municipalities
(100-170=20 muni. 200-300 =5 muni. )
Total 3,791 T/d
Waste 50-100 T/d
37 municipalities
Total 2,488 T/d
Waste 10-50 T/d
177 municipalities
Total 3,794 T/d
Waste 5-10 T/d
267 municipalities
Total 1,839 T/d
Waste<5 T/d
639 municipalities
Total 1,692 T/d
Waste Quantity
35 MW
75 MW
25 MW
25 MW
160 MW from waste
12
13. Keys to success
Technical and financial support
Maximized source separation and recycle
Good management and proper
incentives
Proper regulations and guidelines
Private endorsement