SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 27
Community Ecology population ecosystem community biosphere organism
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NICHE  ,[object Object],[object Object],Fundamental niches Realized niches High tide Low tide Species 1 Species 2 Competitive Exclusion If Species 2 is removed, then Species 1 will occupy whole tidal zone. But at lower depths Species 2  out-competes  Species 1, excluding it from its potential (fundamental) niche. Chthamalus sp. Semibalanus sp.
NICHE & COMPETITION ,[object Object],[object Object]
RESOURCE PARTITIONING ,[object Object],“ the ghost of competition past”
INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS (INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SPECIES)  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
commensalism predation competition Symbiosis mutualism … not very funny for a clown fish  +/0 +/+ +/- -/-
COEVOLUTION IN COMMUNITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Long term evolutionary adjustments between species
PREDATION DRIVES EVOLUTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],spines, thorns, toxins horns, speed, coloration Predation provides a strong selection pressure on both prey & predator
ANTI-PREDATOR ADAPTATIONS/DEFENSE MECHANISMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],lizard toad
COMMON WARNING COLORATION ,[object Object],black, red,  orange & yellow means: DON’T EAT ME !
MIMICRY ,[object Object],Hawkmoth larva puffs up to look like poisonous snake Batesian mimicry hawkmoth larvae green parrot snake Convergent evolution
BATESIAN MIMICRY Monarch male poisonous Convergent evolution fly bee moth bee Which is the fly vs. the bee? Which is the moth vs. the bee? Viceroy male edible
MULLERIAN MIMICRY yellow jacket cuckoo bee two or more harmful species look like each other Mullerian mimicry
WHAT KIND OF MIMICRY? Coral snake  is poisonous King snake is not Red on yellow, poison fellow; red on black, safe from attack
CHARACTERIZING A COMMUNITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SPECIES DIVERSITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KEYSTONE SPECIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sea star diversity decreases mussels out-compete other species diversity increases Washington coast
KEYSTONE SPECIES ,[object Object],dams transform flowing streams into ponds creating new habitat
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Mt. St. Helens
PRIMARY SUCCESSION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],make soil {
SECONDARY SUCCESSION ,[object Object],burning releases nutrients formerly locked up in the tissues of tree the disturbance starts the process of succession over again
SUCCESSION OF SPECIES lichens & mosses grasses trees bushes & small trees pioneer species compete well in high sunlight more shade tolerant species shade tolerant species stable community
CLIMAX FOREST ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DISTURBANCES AS NATURAL CYCLE  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],FOREST FIRES
WHEN PEOPLE DON’T LEARN ECOLOGY! Building homes in fire climax zones preventing fires makes next year’s fire much worse !
2007-2008 Don’t blow  your top ! Ask Questions !

More Related Content

What's hot

Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
tcooper66
 
Biodiversity and its Conservation
Biodiversity and its ConservationBiodiversity and its Conservation
Biodiversity and its Conservation
Akhil Kollipara
 

What's hot (20)

Biodiversity and conservation.pptx
Biodiversity and conservation.pptxBiodiversity and conservation.pptx
Biodiversity and conservation.pptx
 
Ecological Competition
Ecological CompetitionEcological Competition
Ecological Competition
 
Measuring biodiversity
Measuring biodiversityMeasuring biodiversity
Measuring biodiversity
 
Biogeography
BiogeographyBiogeography
Biogeography
 
Biodiversity in the philippines
Biodiversity in the philippinesBiodiversity in the philippines
Biodiversity in the philippines
 
Keystone species
Keystone   speciesKeystone   species
Keystone species
 
Community ecology
Community ecologyCommunity ecology
Community ecology
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
The measurement of biodiversity
 The measurement of biodiversity The measurement of biodiversity
The measurement of biodiversity
 
Biodiversity and its Conservation
Biodiversity and its ConservationBiodiversity and its Conservation
Biodiversity and its Conservation
 
Ecotones
EcotonesEcotones
Ecotones
 
Threats to biodiversity
Threats to biodiversityThreats to biodiversity
Threats to biodiversity
 
Restoration Ecology in Environmental Science
Restoration Ecology in Environmental ScienceRestoration Ecology in Environmental Science
Restoration Ecology in Environmental Science
 
BIODIVERSITY
BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY
BIODIVERSITY
 
Silvicultural systems
Silvicultural systemsSilvicultural systems
Silvicultural systems
 
Introduction to Biodiversity
Introduction to BiodiversityIntroduction to Biodiversity
Introduction to Biodiversity
 
Wildlife and its importance A presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan
Wildlife and its importance A presentation By Mr Allah Dad KhanWildlife and its importance A presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan
Wildlife and its importance A presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan
 
Ecology of community
Ecology of communityEcology of community
Ecology of community
 
community ecology (RAKESH)
community ecology (RAKESH)community ecology (RAKESH)
community ecology (RAKESH)
 
Ecotone and edge effects & ecological succession
Ecotone and edge effects & ecological successionEcotone and edge effects & ecological succession
Ecotone and edge effects & ecological succession
 

Viewers also liked

Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
coachsteg
 
Reforma Contrarreforma
Reforma ContrarreformaReforma Contrarreforma
Reforma Contrarreforma
gutirozas
 
17 ch54communityecology2008
17 ch54communityecology200817 ch54communityecology2008
17 ch54communityecology2008
sbarkanic
 
Plant community
Plant communityPlant community
Plant community
acrosinus
 
Ecology Population
Ecology PopulationEcology Population
Ecology Population
Leslie Smith
 
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
Napa Wattanasil
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Community ecology
Community ecologyCommunity ecology
Community ecology
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
Community ecology
Community ecologyCommunity ecology
Community ecology
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
Community ecology...1
Community ecology...1Community ecology...1
Community ecology...1
 
Biological communities
Biological communitiesBiological communities
Biological communities
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
ENVI 6 community ecology FINAL
ENVI 6  community ecology FINALENVI 6  community ecology FINAL
ENVI 6 community ecology FINAL
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
What is a COMMUNITY?
What is a COMMUNITY?What is a COMMUNITY?
What is a COMMUNITY?
 
Community Ecology
Community EcologyCommunity Ecology
Community Ecology
 
Mustard insects A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan
Mustard insects  A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad KhanMustard insects  A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan
Mustard insects A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan
 
Reforma Contrarreforma
Reforma ContrarreformaReforma Contrarreforma
Reforma Contrarreforma
 
Ch3 communities, biomes, ecosystems
Ch3 communities, biomes, ecosystemsCh3 communities, biomes, ecosystems
Ch3 communities, biomes, ecosystems
 
Phylogeny
PhylogenyPhylogeny
Phylogeny
 
17 ch54communityecology2008
17 ch54communityecology200817 ch54communityecology2008
17 ch54communityecology2008
 
Plant community
Plant communityPlant community
Plant community
 
Ecology Population
Ecology PopulationEcology Population
Ecology Population
 
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
การเปลี่ยนแปลงแทนที่
 
Fly pollinators 2012
Fly pollinators   2012Fly pollinators   2012
Fly pollinators 2012
 

Similar to Community Ecology

Ch53 communityecology2010
Ch53 communityecology2010Ch53 communityecology2010
Ch53 communityecology2010
msdbiology
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
Maria Donohue
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
guest1422cc
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
Maria Donohue
 
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptxinteractionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
geegrand2023
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
Linda Craun
 
Chapter 55
Chapter 55Chapter 55
Chapter 55
sojhk
 
06 ecol inter
06 ecol inter06 ecol inter
06 ecol inter
dompiazza
 

Similar to Community Ecology (20)

Ch53 communityecology2010
Ch53 communityecology2010Ch53 communityecology2010
Ch53 communityecology2010
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
 
Biotic Interactions
Biotic InteractionsBiotic Interactions
Biotic Interactions
 
12 7-11
12 7-1112 7-11
12 7-11
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
 
Ecology1
Ecology1Ecology1
Ecology1
 
Chapt04 lecture
Chapt04 lectureChapt04 lecture
Chapt04 lecture
 
Ecosystems
EcosystemsEcosystems
Ecosystems
 
Biological Communities And Interaction
Biological Communities And  InteractionBiological Communities And  Interaction
Biological Communities And Interaction
 
4328041.ppt
4328041.ppt4328041.ppt
4328041.ppt
 
Species Interactions
Species InteractionsSpecies Interactions
Species Interactions
 
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptxinteractionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
interactionsoforganisms-180323200310.ppt.pptx
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
 
Biology Form 4 Chapter 8 :Dynamic Ecosystem Part 2
Biology Form 4 Chapter 8 :Dynamic Ecosystem  Part 2Biology Form 4 Chapter 8 :Dynamic Ecosystem  Part 2
Biology Form 4 Chapter 8 :Dynamic Ecosystem Part 2
 
Species interactions
Species interactionsSpecies interactions
Species interactions
 
Chapter 55
Chapter 55Chapter 55
Chapter 55
 
Community Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And SucessionCommunity Interactions And Sucession
Community Interactions And Sucession
 
4.2 -- BIO
4.2 -- BIO4.2 -- BIO
4.2 -- BIO
 
06 ecol inter
06 ecol inter06 ecol inter
06 ecol inter
 

More from Jenny Klemme

Population Ecology
Population EcologyPopulation Ecology
Population Ecology
Jenny Klemme
 
Hardy Weinberg Populations
Hardy Weinberg PopulationsHardy Weinberg Populations
Hardy Weinberg Populations
Jenny Klemme
 
Evolution Of Populations
Evolution Of PopulationsEvolution Of Populations
Evolution Of Populations
Jenny Klemme
 
2. Evolutionary Forces
2. Evolutionary Forces2. Evolutionary Forces
2. Evolutionary Forces
Jenny Klemme
 
1. Natural Selection
1. Natural Selection1. Natural Selection
1. Natural Selection
Jenny Klemme
 

More from Jenny Klemme (8)

Animal Behavior
Animal BehaviorAnimal Behavior
Animal Behavior
 
Ecosystems
EcosystemsEcosystems
Ecosystems
 
Population Ecology
Population EcologyPopulation Ecology
Population Ecology
 
Speciation
SpeciationSpeciation
Speciation
 
Hardy Weinberg Populations
Hardy Weinberg PopulationsHardy Weinberg Populations
Hardy Weinberg Populations
 
Evolution Of Populations
Evolution Of PopulationsEvolution Of Populations
Evolution Of Populations
 
2. Evolutionary Forces
2. Evolutionary Forces2. Evolutionary Forces
2. Evolutionary Forces
 
1. Natural Selection
1. Natural Selection1. Natural Selection
1. Natural Selection
 

Recently uploaded

ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyesppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ashishpaul799
 
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
heathfieldcps1
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Championnat de France de Tennis de table/
Championnat de France de Tennis de table/Championnat de France de Tennis de table/
Championnat de France de Tennis de table/
 
slides CapTechTalks Webinar May 2024 Alexander Perry.pptx
slides CapTechTalks Webinar May 2024 Alexander Perry.pptxslides CapTechTalks Webinar May 2024 Alexander Perry.pptx
slides CapTechTalks Webinar May 2024 Alexander Perry.pptx
 
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticssize separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
 
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz 2024 - Prelims q&a.pdf
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz 2024 - Prelims q&a.pdfPost Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz 2024 - Prelims q&a.pdf
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz 2024 - Prelims q&a.pdf
 
Telling Your Story_ Simple Steps to Build Your Nonprofit's Brand Webinar.pdf
Telling Your Story_ Simple Steps to Build Your Nonprofit's Brand Webinar.pdfTelling Your Story_ Simple Steps to Build Your Nonprofit's Brand Webinar.pdf
Telling Your Story_ Simple Steps to Build Your Nonprofit's Brand Webinar.pdf
 
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 2 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 2 STEPS Using Odoo 17Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 2 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 2 STEPS Using Odoo 17
 
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptxREPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
 
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
 
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
 
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
 
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
 
The Ultimate Guide to Social Media Marketing in 2024.pdf
The Ultimate Guide to Social Media Marketing in 2024.pdfThe Ultimate Guide to Social Media Marketing in 2024.pdf
The Ultimate Guide to Social Media Marketing in 2024.pdf
 
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyesppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
 
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptxfactors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
 
Dementia (Alzheimer & vasular dementia).
Dementia (Alzheimer & vasular dementia).Dementia (Alzheimer & vasular dementia).
Dementia (Alzheimer & vasular dementia).
 
Exploring Gemini AI and Integration with MuleSoft | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #45
Exploring Gemini AI and Integration with MuleSoft | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #45Exploring Gemini AI and Integration with MuleSoft | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #45
Exploring Gemini AI and Integration with MuleSoft | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #45
 
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPointOpen Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
 
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 4pptx.pptx
 
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
 
Behavioral-sciences-dr-mowadat rana (1).pdf
Behavioral-sciences-dr-mowadat rana (1).pdfBehavioral-sciences-dr-mowadat rana (1).pdf
Behavioral-sciences-dr-mowadat rana (1).pdf
 

Community Ecology

  • 1. Community Ecology population ecosystem community biosphere organism
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. commensalism predation competition Symbiosis mutualism … not very funny for a clown fish +/0 +/+ +/- -/-
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. BATESIAN MIMICRY Monarch male poisonous Convergent evolution fly bee moth bee Which is the fly vs. the bee? Which is the moth vs. the bee? Viceroy male edible
  • 14. MULLERIAN MIMICRY yellow jacket cuckoo bee two or more harmful species look like each other Mullerian mimicry
  • 15. WHAT KIND OF MIMICRY? Coral snake is poisonous King snake is not Red on yellow, poison fellow; red on black, safe from attack
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. SUCCESSION OF SPECIES lichens & mosses grasses trees bushes & small trees pioneer species compete well in high sunlight more shade tolerant species shade tolerant species stable community
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. WHEN PEOPLE DON’T LEARN ECOLOGY! Building homes in fire climax zones preventing fires makes next year’s fire much worse !
  • 27. 2007-2008 Don’t blow your top ! Ask Questions !

Editor's Notes

  1. Resource partitioning among Dominican Republic lizards. Seven species of Anolis lizards live in close proximity, and all feed on insects and other small arthropods. However, competition for food is reduced because each lizard species has a different perch, thus occupying a distinct niche. Sympatric species often partition available resources, reducing competition between them.
  2. Predation provides a strong selective pressure on prey populations. Ay feature that would decrease the probability of capture should be strongly favored.