Thermoacoustic Refrigeration

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CONTACT FOR -CONTACT FOR - WORKSHOP, TRAINING & PROJECTSCONTACT FOR -CONTACT FOR - WORKSHOP, TRAINING & PROJECTS
ADVANCEMENT IN REFERIGERATION &ADVANCEMENT IN REFERIGERATION &
AIR CONDITIONINGAIR CONDITIONING
(THERMOACOUSTICS REFERIGERATION)(THERMOACOUSTICS REFERIGERATION)
Title of PresentationTitle of Presentation
Mr. KONAL SINGHMr. KONAL SINGH
Director and Founder of
ProBotiZ Group, NagpurProBotiZ Group, Nagpur

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OUTLINEOUTLINE
What is Refrigeration ?
Introduction.
Basic principle.
Working.
Description Of Parts.
Advantages & Disadvantages.
Application.
Conclusion.
Reference.

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WHAT IS REFRIGERATIONWHAT IS REFRIGERATION ??
The process in which work is done by transferring
the heat from one location to another as well as
from low temperature region and moved to high
temperature region is known as Refrigeration.

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
(THERMOACOUSTICS REFRIGERATION)(THERMOACOUSTICS REFRIGERATION)
HCFCS and CFCS, these chemicals are responsible for
depletion of stratospheric ozone layer.
Thermoacoustic refrigeration, an emerging “Green”
technology.
Environmental Friendly Refrigerator are used (usually
Argon & helium gases).
This System works on the Thermodynamics & Acoustics
theory.
It works on the principle of reversed Carnot cycle.

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Cont.Cont.
This is based on the principle that sound waves are
pressure waves.
Thermoacoustic refrigeration has the potential to
replace conventional refrigeration.
It also has a broad range of application, including
computers and nanotechnology. It will likely be
employed by military and space.

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HISTORY OFHISTORY OF
Nikolaus Rott & Lord Rayleigh.
In 1980, first experiment conducting in LANL.
In 2004, PSU scientist developed working refrigerator.
Emerging Green Technology based upon high pressure
sound wave.
Alternative cooling system.
Ecofriendly with nature.

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Thermoacoustics is based on the principle that sound
waves are pressure waves
They propagate causing compressions and rarefactions
in the medium.
Molecule causes constructive & destructive
interference.
Temperature changes due to the adiabatic compression
& expansion.
PRINCIPLE OFPRINCIPLE OF

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PRINCIPLE OF THERMODYNAMICPRINCIPLE OF THERMODYNAMIC
ContCont..
TEMPERATURE OF FLUID RISES WHEN COMPRESSED AND
DECREASES WHEN EXPANDED - When a gas is compressed,
work is done on the gas molecules. That means that additional
energy is transferred to the gas molecules from the source of
compression so as to increase temperature of gas and vice-a-
versa.
HEAT FLOWS FROM HIGHER TEMPERATURE REGION TO
LOWER TEMPERATURE REGION-- When two substances are
placed in direct contact, heat will flow from the hotter substance to
the cooler one unless both the bodies attain equal temperatures.

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PRINCIPLE OF THERMODYNAMICPRINCIPLE OF THERMODYNAMIC

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This system is work on the thermodynamic &
acoustics theory. It works on the principle of reversed
Carnot Cycle.
CYCLE FOR TARCYCLE FOR TAR

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CYCLE FOR TARCYCLE FOR TAR
Cont.Cont.
Process 1-2 – Compressed isentropically
Process 2-3 – Compressed isothermally
Process 3-4 – Expanded isentropically
Process 4-1 – Expanded isothermally
(COP)Carnotrefrigerator = T1/T2-T1

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WORKING OFWORKING OF
(THERMOACOUSTIC REFERIGERATOR)(THERMOACOUSTIC REFERIGERATOR)

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CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION
Travelling Wave Thermo acoustics Refrigeration
Standing Wave Thermo acoustic Refrigeration.

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TRAVELING WAVE THERMOACOUSTICSTRAVELING WAVE THERMOACOUSTICS
REFERIGERATION SYSTEMREFERIGERATION SYSTEM
Composed of an acoustic driver.
An acoustic resonator and a structure with narrow flow
channels called regenerator.
Works through the thermal imperfect contact between the
working gas and the regenerator.

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STANDING WAVE THERMOACOUSTIC
REFERIGERATION SYSTEM
The conventionally used acoustic resonator consists on
a straight tube with two closed ends .
The acoustic wave excited in the refrigerator is a
standing wave.

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DESCRIPTION OF PARTSDESCRIPTION OF PARTS
Cont.Cont.
DRIVER RESONATOR
It‘s supply to sufficient
acoustics Pressure
To store acoustic energy &
obtain Proper phasing of
pressure & velocity

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DESCRIPTION OF PARTSDESCRIPTION OF PARTS
STACK HEAT EXCHANGER
To convert acoustic pressure
oscillation into temperature
gradient
Transfer heat into or out of a
system

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ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES
Harmful chemicals like CFC’s, HFC’s, and HCFC’s are
not released into atmosphere.
As the working fluid is an inert gas there is no toxicity,
flammability, or negative environmental effects.
It is more reliable as there are few moving parts.
Mechanically Simple
Relatively Compact and Light in weight

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DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES
COP is less when compared with the present
refrigerating systems.
Component of these systems is very costly.

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APPLICATION & FUTURE SCOPEAPPLICATION & FUTURE SCOPE
APPLICATION :-
Ben and Jerry’s Ice Cream.
Future scope :-
Domestic food refrigerators & freezers.
Liquefaction of natural gasses & space craft.
Automobile sector are use for the refrigerator.
Thermoacoustic cooling are also use for computer
application & electronic industry.
Niche industry.

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WHY STILL NOT COMMERCIALISEDWHY STILL NOT COMMERCIALISED ??
MANY SCIENTISTS WORKING ON IT BELIEVE THAT
IF IT IS DEVELOPED IN THE BEST POSSIBLE MANNER IT
CAN ACHIEVE THE MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY OF CARNOT
CYCLE BUT IT HAS STILL NOT BEEN COMMERCIALISED
BECAUSE-
Less efficiency than domestic refrigerator.
Talent bottleneck in the field of thermoacoustic
refrigeration
Lack of suppliers producing customized components
Lack of interest and funding from industry

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Thermoacoustic refrigeration is an innovative
alternative for cooling that is both clean and
inexpensive.
The refrigeration effect is achieved by using sound
waves and an inert gas which will not cause any
damage to the atmosphere(i.e. ecofriendly).
Thermoacoustic refrigerators use acoustic waves to
transfer heat.
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

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Their benefits compared with their vapor-compression
counterparts are environmental friendliness,
robustness and simplicity, they are currently still less
efficient than traditional vapor-compression
refrigerators.
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
Cont.Cont.

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REFERENCESREFERENCES
www.egr.msu.edu .
www.msss.com.
www.mecheng.adelaide.edu.au .
Hatazawa, M., Sugita, H., Ogawa, T. and Seo, Y., “Performance
of a thermoacoustic sound wave generator driven with waste
heat of automobile gasoline engine.” Trans. Japan Soc. Mech.
Eng. 70. 292-299, 2004.
Thermoacoustic Refrigerator for Space Applications S. L.
Garrett, J. A. Adeff, T. J. Hofler Reprinted from Journal of
Thernmophysits Volume 7, Number 4, October-December 1993,
Pages 595-599.

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ANYANY

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Thermoacoustic Refrigeration

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