Industrial Revolution

1. INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
MADE by:-
KSHITIJ, VANSHIKA ,TARUN

2. What was industrial
revolution
• The transformation of industry and
the economy in Britain between the
1780s and 1850s is called the first
industrial revolution
• This had far reaching effects in
Britain

4. INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION IN BRITAIN
• Britain was the first
country to experience
modern
industrialisation .it
had been politically
stable since the
seventeenth century
with England

5. • This meant that the kingdom had
common laws, a single currency and
a market that was not fragmented by
local authorities levying taxes on
good that passed not fragmented by
local authorities leaving taxes on
goods that passes through their area

6. • Thus increasing their price by the end
of the seventeenth century money
was widely used as the medium of
exchange

7. TRADE DURING
INDUSTRIALISATION
• London had also acquired a global
significance. By the eighteenth century
the center of global trade had shifted
from the Mediterranean ports of Italy
and France to the Atlantic ports of
Holland and Britain

8. FINANCE DURING
INDUSTRIALISATION
• Bank of England by 1784 , there were
more than a hundred provincial bank
in England and during the next 10
years their number trebled .
• By 1820 there were more than 600
hundreds bank in provinces and over
100 banks in London alone.

9. Development of coal and
iron industriation
• England had coal and iron ore in
plenty . But soon in the 18th century
there was shortage of useable iron .
Iron is drawn out from ore pure
liquid metal by process called
smelting .

10. • For many year charcoal was used for for the
smelting
• Charcoal its own problem :-
• It was too fragile to transport across long
distance
• It could not generate high temperatures .
• This problem was sought by the family of iron
master THE Darby’s of Shropshire

11. ROLE OF DARBY
• Abraham Darby . This was blast furnace that
would use coke, which could generate high
temperatures coke was derived from coal by
removing the sulphur and impurities
• The second Darby developed wrought iron .Henry
Cort designed the puddling furnace and the rolling
mill

12. • the third Darby built the first iron bridge in the
world in coalbrookdale spanning the river
severn

13. ABRAHAM DARDY

14. CANALS
• Canals were initially
built to transport coal
to cities this was
because bulk and
weight of coal made it
transport by roads
very expensive them
by barges on canals.

15. RAILWAYS
• Railway emerged as
new mean of
transportation that
was avaible the year .
Both cheaper and
faster to carry
passengers and goals.

16. Features of cotton industry
• Raw cotton to be
entirely imported so
large part of finished
cloth were exported
this sustained the
process of
colonization .
• So that Britain could
retain control over the
source of raw cotton
as well as the market

17. STEAM SOURCE
• Water as hydraulic
power had been the
prime source of
energy for centuries .
but it had been
limited to certain
area ‘s and seasons
and by the speed of
the flow of water

18. • now it was used differently steam
power provided pressure at high
temperature there enabled the use
of broad range of machinery
• This meant that steam power was
only power of energy that was
reliable and inexpensive enough the
manufacture machinery itself

19. Contribution of James watt
• James watt build
steam engine in a69
.His invention convert
the steam engine from
being near pump into
a prime mover
capable of providing
energy to power
machines in factor

20. Worker’s life changed
• In this year it was possible for
individuals with talents to bring about
revolutionary changes
• Similarity their were rich individual
who took great interest and invested
money to multiply their money wealth
came in the form of good and services

21. NEGATIVE EFFECTS
• There more evidence of broken
family degraded .cities deployable
condition in factories
• Number of cities with population
over 50,000 increased from 2 t0 29
.their were less housing facilities no
adequate sanitation or clean drinking
water

22. WORK LIFE OF WOMEN &
CHILDREN
• Women and children was employed
in cotton and silk industry
• They worked at low wages
• They also work at farms

23. NEGATIVE EFFECTS
• Children ‘s hair got stuck in
machines
• Fingers got cut
• Coal mines roof fell on children and
many children die

24. STARTING OF PROTEST
• As workers flooded towns and
factories they expressed their anger
and forestration in numerous form of
protest

25. COMBINATION ACTS
• Parliament in 1795 passed
two combination act
which mad it illegal to
incite the people by
speech or writing to
hatred or contempt of the
king.
• It banned unauthorised
public meeting of over 50
people

26. CORN LAWS
• The prevention of
import of cheaper
food until the price of
food in Britain reach
in the certain level.

27. BREAD RIOTS AND
ENCLOSER

28. • Bread riots :- the worker boarded the
bread and sold its in lower price
.could be afforded by number of
people
• Enclosure :- hundred of small farmer
had been merged into one of
powerful landlords

29. LUDDISM
• People demanded for
minimum wages
• Control over the
labour of women and
children
• Work for labours
who lost their job
because of coming of
machinery

30. PETERLOO MASSACRE
• In august 1819. 80,000 people
gathered peacefully at st peter’s
fields in Manchester to claim
democratic right- of organization of
public meeting and the freedom of
press

31. REFORMS IN TEXTLIE
INDUSTRIES
• Laws were passed in 1819 prohibiting . The
employment of children under of 9 in factories
and limiting the hours of work of those between
the age 9 and 16 to 12hours
• In 1947 10 hours bill was passed which limited
the working hours of children and secured to 10
hours for male workers

32. REFORMS OF MINING
INDUSTRIES
• The mines commission of 1842 which was set up
by the government revealed that working
condition in mine have become worse . Since the
act of 1833 ,since more children were mode to
work
• The mines and collaries banned .children under
10 and women from underground

33. DEBATES
• Historian have described the time period between
1750 to 1820 as industrial revolution . It was
challenged on various ground .industrialization
had been too slow and gradually process to be
called a revolution
• It brought changes in already existing level
industries were set up not everywhere in England
but also in London , Manchester , Birmingham ,
New Castle and not through out England.

34. THANK YOU