Comparing Top Citation Management Software

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF
CITATION MANAGEMENT
SOFTWARE
JACOB HICKS & MICHAEL NELSON
mnelson21 at missouriwestern dot edu
jhicks5 at missouriwestern dot edu
MISSOURI WESTERN STATE UNIVERSITY
WWW.MISSOURIWESTERN.EDU/PSYCHOLOGY/GRADUATE

CITATION MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE?
 Can import/export and organize PDFs
 Can create citations and bibliographies from PDFs

OBJECTIVE
 Determine what users
 Need
 Want
 Hate

USER GOALS
 Primary
 Organize PDFs and articles
 Create citations and bibliographies
 Secondary
 Search Database
 File Sharing

PRODUCTS THAT WERE TESTED
 Qiqqa
 Zotero
 Mendeley
 Colwiz
 Endnote

QIQQA
 Free version available
 Full version $12/month or
$120/ year
 Available online
 Product of Quantisle
 Additional research
functions
 Brainstorm
 Expedition
(http://www.qiqqa.com/)

ZOTERO
 Free Program
 Product of Roy
Rosenzweig Center for
History and New Media
 Ability to drag and drop
citations into documents
https://www.zotero.org/

MENDELEY
 Free Program
 Product of Mendeley
Ltd.
 Database searching
without leaving the
program
http://www.mendeley.com/

COLWIZ
 Free program
 Product of Colwiz
 Online and offline
services
https://www.colwiz.com/home

ENDNOTE
 Program available online
 Free 30day trial after that
 $249.95
 Student price $113.95
 A product of Thomson
Reuters
 Automatically creates
citations
http://endnote.com/

COMMONALITIES
 The ability to store and organize PDFs and files
 The ability to create citations
 Users can share files with other users
 Online capabilities such as file syncing and cloud storage

DIFFERENCES
Qiqqa Zotero Mendeley Colwiz Endnote
Organize PDFs Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Share Files Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Database
Searching
Yes No Yes Yes Yes
Free to Use Yes- Pay for
all features
Yes Yes Yes No- Free 30
day trial
Able to create
citation
Yes w/
Plugin
Yes w/ Plugin Yes w/ Plugin Yes w/ Plugin Yes
Automatically
creates citation
No No No No Yes
Plug in for Word Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
PDF reader in
program
Yes No Yes Yes Yes
Citation Styles 6,390+ 6700+ 6700+ 6700+ 6500+

USER INTERVIEWS
 Interviewed two professors and three students
 Had users interact with a program
 Asked users questions about their experience
 Likes
 Dislikes
 What they want from the program

USER 1- PROFESSOR
 Likes
 Annotate PDF’s from tablet
 Pop-up explanations
 Dislikes
 When unable to edit PDF’s or open in window
 When unclear how to make citation
 Having to read a tutorial
 Needs
 Meet basic functionality of citations and easily export to word
 To easily import and export PDF’s

USER 2 - PROFESSOR
 Likes
 When the interface is easy to navigate
 Tabs over Windows
 Note taking tools
 Dislikes
 When cannot preview a PDF
 When unclear how to make citation
 Wasted space
 Needs
 Create, Copy and paste citations and bibliography
 Manage library of articles

USER 3 - UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT
 Likes
 Automatically creates a citation from an article
 Easy to import files
 Automatically syncs with Word
 Dislikes
 Difficult to attach PDFs to files
 Hard to learn initially
 No start-up guide
 Needs
 Easily create accurate citations from articles

 Likes
 Database searching
 PDF Reader
 Tabs rather than windows
 Dislikes
 Non-intuitive citation creator
 Unfriendly interface
 Needs
 Create citations without using word
 Create accurate citations

 Likes
 Can store and organize PDFs
 Dislikes
 No tutorial
 Hard to find/use citation creator
 Needs
 Intro Tutorial

USER OPINIONS
Questions User 1 User 2 User 3 User 4 User5
Used Citation
Management
before?
Endnote Endnote No No No
Tutorial v.
Exploration
Explore Explore Tutorial Combination Tutorial
Use to share files? No Yes No No Maybe
Willing to pay? No Yes- small fee No No Maybe- Small fee

COMMONALITIES BETWEEN ALL USERS
 The programs provide a good storage place for organizing articles
 Simple program layouts and interfaces
 The ability to search online databases for articles and PDFs
 A PDF reader built into the program with editing functions
 The use of tabs in program instead of opening separate new
windows

MUST HAVE
 Meet the basic functionality of organizing files and creating
citations easily
 Simple and intuitive interface
 Easy to use citation creator
 Easy to use functions
 Citation information should be easily visible
 Save time

NICE TO HAVE
 Copy and paste citations from the program
 More tools in toolbar
 Notification if citation information is missing
 PDF reader in program
 Automatic online matching of citations to make sure the citation is
correct
 Tutorial on the program

MUST NOT
 Hide the citation creator function
 HAVE to read/watch a tutorial to use the program
 Citation creator Plugin
 Have to open word to create a citation
 No PDF reader in the program
 Multiple windows

HOW QIQQA MET AND FAILED NEEDS
 Met
 PDF reader function
 Organized PDFs
 Failed
 Hard to figure out how to create citations
 Have to read the directions

HOW ZOTERO MET AND FAILED NEEDS
 Met
 Easy to comprehend interface and toolbar functions
 Organized PDFs
 Failed
 Hard to find/use citation creator
 PDF reader not included in program

HOW MENDELEY MET AND FAILED NEEDS
 Met
 Easy to comprehend interface and toolbar functions
 Saves users time with lots of functionality
 Failed
 Hard to find citation creator

HOW COLWIZ MET AND FAILED NEEDS
 Met
 Organized PDFs
 Save users time with lots of functionality
 Failed
 Initially unclear citation creator

HOW ENDNOTE MET AND FAILED NEEDS
 Met
 Simple interface and functions
 Citation creator was visible and intuitive
 Failed
 Difficult to use import/export function

PERSONA FOR PRODUCT
Student- Jessica Flowers Professor- Dr. Dave Wilks

SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSONA
Student- Jessica Flowers
 19 years old
 Single
 Sophomore student
 Sophomore Class Senator
 Lives on campus
 Good student (3.7 GPA)
Professor- Dr. Dave Wilks
 54 years old
 Married
 Has two kids
 Has taught psychology for 25
years
 Lives 20 minutes away from
campus

PERSONA’S PERSONALITIES
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Personality Traits
Extravert Openness Conscientiousness Intelligence Reliable
Jessica Flowers Dr. Dave Wilks

NEEDS & DESIRES
Jessica Flowers
 Create citations
 Work the first time she uses it
 Make her homework easier
and faster
 Give her more free time
Dr. Dave Wilks
 Create citations
 Manage library
 Be easy to use and
understand
 Make his work easier
 Save him time

GOALS
Jessica Flowers
 Be able to use and figure out
technology easily
 Use programs to make her
work easier
 Use programs to stay more
organized
 Use applications and
programs to do her homework
Dr. Dave Wilks
 To try and stay organized with
classwork and overall
workload
 Know and use current
technology proficiently
 Teach his students better ways
to do homework
 Have time to spend at home
with his wife and kids

HABITS AND BEHAVIORS
Jessica Flowers
 Responsible student
 Hang out with friends
 Very involved as the
sophomore class senator
 Sometimes procrastinates, but
always gets work done on
time
 Open to ideas that could
make her workload easier
Dr. Dave Wilks
 Loves to teach
 Known to students as a cool
and approachable
 Enjoys wine tastings with his
wife
 Spend time with his children
 Ride his bike for exercise
 Very involved with his classes

SKILLS AND EXPERTISE
Jessica
 Has used a computer and
internet for 9 years
 Involved with social media
Dave
 Has used a computer for 24
years
 Used internet for 16 years
 Teaches psychology

PRODUCT EXPECTATIONS
Jessica
 Organize PDFs
 Be able to create citations
Dave
 Organize PDFs and articles
 Create Citations
 Be able to use the program
without directions

USER EXPERIENCE GOALS
Jessica
 Be able to use and figure out
technology easily
 Use programs to make her
work load easier
 Use programs to stay more
organized
 Use applications and
programs to do her homework
Dave
 Be able to figure out and use
technology easily
 Make his workload easier by
using technology
 Save time by using programs
 Use programs to organize
articles and PDFs
 Easily share articles with his
students

MUST DO…
Jessica
 Work the first time she uses it
 Make her homework easier
and faster
 Give her more free time
Dave
 Be easy to use and
understand
 Make his work easier
 Save him time

NEVER DO…
Jessica
 Download a plugin
 Make her homework harder or
more time consuming
Dave
 Make him spend a lot of time
learning the technology

OVERALL SUMMARY
 Lots of citation management software out there
 Some are good
 All still need improvement
 Users really liked Endnote
 Familiar interface

TAKE HOME MESSAGE
 Users ‘must have’
 Organize PDFs
 Simple interface
 Users ‘nice to have’
 PDF reader in program
 Users ‘must not’
 Have to read tutorial
 Have to install plugin
 Multiple windows
 Products that met most of the
must haves
 Endnote, Mendeley, Colwiz
 Products that met the nice to
haves
 Endnote

Comparing Top Citation Management Software

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