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William E. Lynch Jr. Aquatic Ecosystem Management Specialist Ohio State University Extension Program
Winter (ice – 39 F) Low biomasses of all types Early Spring (40 – 50 F) Diatom bloom Spring – Early Summer (50 – 72 F) Green algae bloom P Limited Systems N Limited Systems Mid - Late Summer (72 – 80+ F) Green algae Mid - Late Summer (72 – 80+ F) Cyanobacteria bloom Fall (80+ – 50 F) Green algae or cyanobacteria early Diatom bloom late
Large Lakes and Reservoirs 2009
Large Lakes and Reservoirs 2010 2009
Those Where Microcystin > 20ppb ( WHO Recreational Standard )  2010: Microcystin > 20 ppb  Note: Nearly all were less  than 1 ppb; WHO’s drinking water standard 2010
Why warnings for waters with low microcystin levels? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ponds & Small Lakes Suspected based on  provided description Confirmed based on site visit or provided  sample
Have HAB’s Really Increased?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],# of Contacts Note: nearly  all occurred  in August and Sept.
Are They New to Ohio’s Waters? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Creates Favorable Ecological Conditions for Cyanobacteria? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nitrogen – Phosphorus Ratio Important ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
0 25 30 20 15 10 5 Summer N:P Ratio Cyanobacteria Abundance (%) of Algal Community 0 25 50 75 100 oligotrophic mesotrophic eutrophic hypereutrophic Adapted from: United Nations Environment Program Div. Of Technology, Industry, & Economics
N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable No HAB’s
N:P Ratio –  Grand Lake St. Mary's Example N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable 7/14 No HAB’s *** Toxins first detected in late June
N:P Ratio –  Grand Lake St. Mary's Example N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable 7/14 No HAB’s *** Toxins first detected in late June 8/19 9/15 10/7 HAB’s Widespread
Grand Lake St. Mary's 2010 P Levels Phosphorus 4/15 5/10 6/9 Target  (<34 ppb) 7/14 8/19 9/15 10/7 ppb
Grand Lake St. Mary's 2010 N Levels Nitrogen 4/15 5/10 6/9 Target  (<930 ppb) 7/14 8/19 9/15 10/7 ppb
Summer Water Temperatures  Play A Role! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],< 74 o F 74 o F - 80 o F  >80 o F
Summer Water Temperatures  Play A Role! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],< 74 o F 74 o F - 80 o F  >80 o F
Summer Water Temperatures  Play A Role! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],< 74 o F 74 o F - 80 o F  >80 o F
Sources of Nutrients ,[object Object],[object Object],“ All is Fine Scenario”
[object Object],[object Object],“ Beginnings of a Problem”
[object Object],[object Object],“ The Worst of Problems”
[object Object],[object Object],“ The Long Road to Recovery”
Internal Sources of Excessive Phosphorus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
External Sources of Excessive Phosphorus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ponds & Small Lakes
External Sources of Excessive Phosphorus Large Lakes & Reservoirs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Also Play a Role . . . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Keeping a Perspective . . .  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Final Thoughts ,[object Object],[object Object],Questions?

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Harmful Algal Blooms 2010: Synopsis and Insight

  • 1. William E. Lynch Jr. Aquatic Ecosystem Management Specialist Ohio State University Extension Program
  • 2. Winter (ice – 39 F) Low biomasses of all types Early Spring (40 – 50 F) Diatom bloom Spring – Early Summer (50 – 72 F) Green algae bloom P Limited Systems N Limited Systems Mid - Late Summer (72 – 80+ F) Green algae Mid - Late Summer (72 – 80+ F) Cyanobacteria bloom Fall (80+ – 50 F) Green algae or cyanobacteria early Diatom bloom late
  • 3. Large Lakes and Reservoirs 2009
  • 4. Large Lakes and Reservoirs 2010 2009
  • 5. Those Where Microcystin > 20ppb ( WHO Recreational Standard ) 2010: Microcystin > 20 ppb Note: Nearly all were less than 1 ppb; WHO’s drinking water standard 2010
  • 6.
  • 7. Ponds & Small Lakes Suspected based on provided description Confirmed based on site visit or provided sample
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. 0 25 30 20 15 10 5 Summer N:P Ratio Cyanobacteria Abundance (%) of Algal Community 0 25 50 75 100 oligotrophic mesotrophic eutrophic hypereutrophic Adapted from: United Nations Environment Program Div. Of Technology, Industry, & Economics
  • 13. N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable No HAB’s
  • 14. N:P Ratio – Grand Lake St. Mary's Example N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable 7/14 No HAB’s *** Toxins first detected in late June
  • 15. N:P Ratio – Grand Lake St. Mary's Example N:P Ratio 4/15 5/10 6/9 acceptable desirable 7/14 No HAB’s *** Toxins first detected in late June 8/19 9/15 10/7 HAB’s Widespread
  • 16. Grand Lake St. Mary's 2010 P Levels Phosphorus 4/15 5/10 6/9 Target (<34 ppb) 7/14 8/19 9/15 10/7 ppb
  • 17. Grand Lake St. Mary's 2010 N Levels Nitrogen 4/15 5/10 6/9 Target (<930 ppb) 7/14 8/19 9/15 10/7 ppb
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.