1.
Aligning
Web Services
with the
Semantic Web
to Create a
Global Read-Write
Graph of Data
Markus Lanthaler
Graz University of Technology

2.
Web services are increasingly popular

3.
Twitter Facebook Google
15 billion 5 billion 5 billion
per day per day per day

4.
Semantic Web is still in its infancy

5.
Semaphobia!?

6.
Lightweight semantic annotations
start to gain acceptance

7.
Increasing interest in the relationship of
RESTful services and Linked Data

8.
Increasing interest in the relationship of
RESTful services and Linked Data

9.
© Nesster
Most previous efforts assume
RPC-style. REST is different.

10.
simplicity
son

11.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}

12.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}
"type": "object",
"model": "[foaf:Person]",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" },
"first_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" },
"last_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" },
...

13.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}
"type": "object",
"model": "[foaf:Person]",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" },
"first_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" },
"last_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" },
...

14.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}
"type": "object",
"model": "[foaf:Person]",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "number", "model": "[ex:id]" },
"first_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:firstName]" },
"last_name": {
"type": "string", "model": "[foaf:surname]" },
...

15.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}
"/user/{id}": {
"mediaType": "application/json",
"seredasjDescription": "#",
"variables": {
"id": {
"binding": "#properties/knows/id"
} },
"requestDescription": "#"
}
}

16.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}
"links": {
"/user/search{?query}": {
"mediaType": "application/json",
"seredasjDescription": "personlist.json",
"semantics": {
"[iana:relation]": "[iana:search]" },
"variables": {
"query": { "model": "[foaf:name]" }
}
},

17.
{
"id": 556410,
"first_name": "Markus",
"last_name": "Lanthaler",
"gender": "male",
"knows": [
{ "id": 586807, "name": "Christian Gütl" },
{ "id": 790980, "name": "John Doe" } ]
}

18.
Two Algorithms

19.
1 select ← createSelect(query)
2 bindings ← tripleStore.execute(select)
3
4 for each binding in bindings do
5 deleteData ← createDeleteData(query, binding)
6 operations.add(deleteData)
7 insertData ← insertDeleteData(query, binding)
8 operations.add(insertData)
9 end for
10
11 operations.sort()
12 translateDataOperations(operations)

20.
1 do
2 requests ← retrievePotentialRequests(triples)
3 progress ← false
4 while requests.hasNext() = true do
5 request ← requests.next()
6 request.setData(triples)
7 request.setData(tripleStore)
8 if isValid(request) = true then
9 if request.submit() = success then
10 resp ← request.parseResponse()
11 triples.update(resp.getTriples())
12 tripleStore.update(resp.getTriples())
13 requests.remove(request)
14 progress ← true
15 end if
16 end if
17 end while
18 while progress = true
19 if triples.empty() = true then
20 success()
21 else
22 error(triples)
23 end if

21.
Publication Management Service

22.
/author/{id} /publication/{id}
foaf:Person foaf:Document
id ex:persId id ex:pubId
name foaf:givenName X title dc:title X
lastname foaf:familyName X authors[] dc:creator X
address v:adr id ex:persId X
city v:locality name foaf:name
country v:country-name

23.
1 INSERT DATA {
2 _:public1 a foaf:Document ;
3 dc:title "My first paper" ;
4 dc:creator _:author1 ;
5 dc:creator auth:cg789 .
6 _:author1 a foaf:Person ;
7 foaf:givenName "Markus" ;
8 foaf:familyName "Lanthaler" ;
9 v:adr _:addr1 .
10 _:addr1 v:country-name "Italy" .
11 }
POST /publication/ POST /author/
{ "title": "My first paper",
"authors": [
{ "id": "cg789" }
]
}
201 Created
Location: /publication/p489/

24.
1 INSERT DATA {
2 _:public1 a foaf:Document ;
3 pub:p489 dc:title "My first paper" ;
4 dc:creator _:author1 ;
5 dc:creator auth:cg789 .
6 _:author1 a foaf:Person ;
7 auth:ml98 foaf:givenName "Markus" ;
8 foaf:familyName "Lanthaler" ;
9 v:adr _:addr1 .
10 _:addr1 v:country-name "Italy" .
11 }
POST /publication/ POST /author/
{ "title": "My first paper", { "name": "Markus",
"authors": [ "lastname": "Lanthaler",
{ "id": "cg789" } "address": {
] "country": "Italy"
} } }
201 Created 201 Created
Location: /publication/p489/ Location: /author/ml98

25.
1 INSERT DATA {
2 _:public1 a foaf:Document ;
3 pub:p489 dc:title "My first paper" ;
4 dc:creator auth:ml98 ;
5 dc:creator auth:cg789 .
6 _:author1 a foaf:Person ;
7 auth:ml98 foaf:givenName "Markus" ;
8 foaf:familyName "Lanthaler" ;
9 v:adr _:addr1 .
10 _:addr1 v:country-name "Italy" .
11 }
PUT /publication/p489
{ "title": "My first paper",
"authors": [
{ "id": "cg789" },
{ "id“: "ml98" }
]
}
200 OK

26.
do it on-the-fly

27.
Thank You
© 2011, Markus Lanthaler. Some Rights Reserved.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

28.
Questions?
Markus Lanthaler @MarkusLanthaler
Markus.Lanthaler@student.TUGraz.at http://www.slideshare.net/lanthaler

29.
Image Credits
(1) http://galleries.www.frut.lv/en/5432/959
(3) Adapted from “Two Billion is Cool,” M. Thomson. Available:
http://corp.klout.com/blog/2011/07/two-billion-is-cool/
(5) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scream
(9) http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/3168425434/