17. Specificity Sensitivity Notes Reference
Posterior
Drawer Test
No data
Load & Shift 100% 14% For Laxity Gerber &
TRADITIONAL TESTS
Ganz. JBJSB.
1984
Posterior
Apprehension
99% 20% Jia et al.
JBJSA. 2009
Jerk Test 85% 90% posteroinf.
labral tear
Kim et al.
AJSM. 2004
Kim Test 95% 80% posteroinf.
labral tear
Kim et al.
CORR. 1993
18. MODIFIED O’BRIEN’S TEST (MOB)!
WRIGHTINGTON POSTERIOR INSTABILITY TEST (WPIT)
• Conducted in a similar manner to that initially described by
O’Brien
• Patient asked to forward flex the affected arm 90° with the
elbow in full extension.
• Adduct the arm fully, medial to the sagittal plane of the body.
• Internally rotate so that the thumb points downward.
• The examiner then applies a downward force to the arm
being resisted by the patient.
• The test is considered positive with objective weakness
observed by the examiner when downward force on the arm
resulted in loss of forward flexion from 90°.
Owen, Mackenzie, Boulter, Funk, 2014
19. MODIFIED O’BRIEN’S TEST (MOB)!
WRIGHTINGTON POSTERIOR INSTABILITY TEST (WPIT)
Owen, Mackenzie, Boulter, Funk, 2014
20. Specificity Sensitivity Notes Reference
Posterior
Drawer Test
No data
Load & Shift 100% 14% For Laxity Gerber &
Ganz. JBJSB.
1984
Posterior
Apprehension
99% 20% Jia et al.
JBJSA. 2009
Jerk Test 85% 90% posteroinf.
labral tear
Kim et al.
AJSM. 2004
Kim Test 95% 80% posteroinf.
labral tear
Kim et al.
CORR. 1993
MOB/WPIT 25% 83% Muscular
Athletes
Owen et al.
IJSS. 2014
POSTERIOR INSTABILITY TESTS
35. POST-OP
Phase 1: (Level 1 Exercises)
Core stability & Scapula control!
Proprioceptive exercises (minimal weightbearing below 90 degrees)!
Active assisted ROM as comfortable (in 'safe zone' )!
Do not force or stretch
No combined adduction & internal rotation
Phase 2: (Level 2 Exercises)
Progress active assisted to active ROM as comfortable!
Phase 3: (Level 3+ Exercises)
Regain scapula & glenohumeral stability working for shoulder joint control rather
than range!
Gradually Strengthen!
Sports-specific rehabilitation - Plyometrics and pertubation training
36. RESULTS
Badge, Tambe, Funk. Arthroscopic isolated posterior labral repair in rugby players.
Int J Should Surg. 2009.
143 shoulders; 32m FU
Return to Play = 4.3m!
Recurrent Instability = 6/143 (5%)
Pre-Op Post-Op
Constant Score 65 99
Oxford Score 33 18
Oxford Instability Score 52 13