This presentation at Oracle Open World 2007 showcases two use scase for RFID. I uploaded this presentation in 2016, even though RFID still is used, these use cases are perfect examples of use cases for Internet of Things. (1) One Use case for the Container Centralen (CC), the largest pool manager of the Returnable Transport Items (RTI's) in the Netherlands CC wanted to investigate the travel between whole store’s, distribution centers ( DC’s ) and the stores of their RTI's Business drivers • Theft • Counterfeiting • RTI distribution to protect from hoarding • Payment based on usage model (2) Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam (AMC) In this case we investigate dthe disposal management, where insight was given in the usage of assets during operations of patients Business drivers • Lowering of costs • Improvement of quality of operations

2. <Insert Picture Here>
RFID based asset management case stories
Léon Smiers(Capgemini) + Shintaro Nagaoka (Oracle)

3. Opportunities provided by RFID
• Radio Frequency Identification
• Remote data collection
• No “line of sight” problem like Bar codes
• A broad variety of frequencies and range
• Variety of RFID tags
• Unique identification of every ‘tagged’ object
• Sample Application
• Track & Trace
• Displacement data

4. RFID flow : data to information
• RFID Tag contains RFID chip, power
source (inductive or battery) and
antennae.
• Sends back identifier upon power up
• Reader communicates with
the tags in range to read all
tags identifiers and memory
(payload).
• Antenna receives
power and analog signal
from reader
• Converts radio signal to
and from analog
electrical signals
• Edge Server collects
observations and drives
readers.
• Forwards events to
database tier for
distribution
• Chip holds the memory
that stores the actual
identifier
• Implements the wireless
protocol
• Application receives
transient messages and
has to react
immediately.
• Event Queue Most
implementations uses a simple
transient queue to communicate
with applications
• Database serves as a “better
bus”.
• In addition, data archiving and
aggregation now can be done in
an application neutral level

5. EPCGlobal
• Standardization of RFID
components and
communication
• SOA is used to connect all
EPCIS components and the
outside world
• http://www.epcglobalinc.org/
• Standards
• Electronic Product Code
• EPC Information Services
(EPCIS )
• Discovery Services
(under investigation )
Oracle Fusion
Middleware
EPCIS Capture Interface
EPCIS
Repository
Filtering & Collection (ALE) Interface
EPCIS Capturing
Application
Reader Protocol
Filtering & Collection
(“RFID Middleware”)
EPCIS Query Interface
EPCIS Accessing
Application
Tag Protocol (UHF Gen 2, Class 0, Class 1)
RFID Reader
RFID Tag
Reader
Management
Interface
Reader
Management
EPCIS Accessing
Application
“Pull”or “Push” mode
“Pull” or “Push”mode
Partner EPCglobal SubscriberEPCglobal Subscriber
Local
ONS
ONS
Interface
EPCglobal Core Services
ONS
Root
EPCIS
Discover
y (TBD)
Subscriber
Authentication
(TBD)
Manager
Number
Assignment
(offline service)
ONS I’face(TBD)(TBD)
Optional
bypass for
real- time
“push”
-
EPCIS and Other
EPC Standards
= Interface
= Role
Oracle
Discovery
Service
Oracle
Sensor Edge
Server
Oracle
Sensor Edge
Mobile on PDA
Oracle
ADF

6. RFID Data Lifecycle
Operational level (‘sense & respond’)
Alerts
Direct feedback to the operational employee to approve
or disapprove a certain action
Operational level (‘sense & respond’)
AlertsAlerts
Direct feedback to the operational employee to approve
or disapprove a certain action
Governance level (‘read & react’)
BAM
Dashboard function, where progress of the process is monitored
and exceptions are alerted
Governance level (‘read & react’)
BAMBAM
Dashboard function, where progress of the process is monitored
and exceptions are alerted
Tactical level (‘learn & leverage’)
BI
Information about the performance of the processes used to better
tune the operation – in combination with the forecast
Tactical level (‘learn & leverage’)
BIBI
Information about the performance of the processes used to better
tune the operation – in combination with the forecast
Process quality
Process control
Chain
optimization
Improved client
satisfaction
< sec
Days
Weeks
>Weeks
Back-end applications

7. Oracle Products in RFID space
• Oracle Sensor Edge Server
• Runs on top of Oracle Application Server
• Interfaces to both a variety of data source hardware and the IT
systems
• Optionally filters events before dispatching to target IT systems
• Oracle Application Server
• Enterprise Service Bus / BPEL Process Manager for integration
• Optionally : Business Activity Monitoring ( BAM )
• Optionally : Web Services Manager

8. Oracle Sensor Edge Server Architecture
Sensor Edge Server
Oracle Fusion Middleware
Groups
Dispatchers
Local Processors:
Filters & Rules
DeviceAbstractionLayer
Driver
Driver
Driver
Internal
Store& Forward
Web
Services
WS
Callbacks
OPMN
Streams Oracle
Streams
ALE EPC ALE
Client
WS, HTTP,file,
Stored Proc, etc
Central/Remote
Administration
Administration
EM
JMX
Admin
Console
DevelopmentServices
Device Mgmt.
Monitoring
Web Services
IS Services
EPC Mgmt.
Sensor Data.
Custom
Solutions
Sensor Data ManagementSensor Data Management
Archiving
Reporting Associations
Sensor Data
Repository
(optional)
SEM
Telnet
Web
Client
Event Flow
Engine

9. Two Asset Management Cases in NL
• Container Centralen
• AMC Hospital

10. <Insert Picture Here>
Container Centralen Case
In collaboration with

11. Container Centralen ( CC )
• Largest pool manager of the Returnable Transport
Items ( RTI; e.g. trolleys, trays ) in the Netherlands
• RTIs travel between whole store’s, distribution centers
( DC’s ) and the stores
• CC’s business drives
• Theft
• Counterfeiting
• RTI distribution to protect from hoarding
• Payment based on usage model
In collaboration with

12. Container Centralen : Project
• Oracle / CapGemini / Container Centralen / MCX
project completed in July 2006
• The twin project at Vers Schakel completed in the spring
2007
• Data coming from Vers Schakel processed by Container
Centralen’s EPC-IS and Discovery Service
• Currently people working on the final report
In collaboration with

13. Twin projects : CC / Vers Schakel
In collaboration with
EPC-IS
Heemskerk
Discovery
Service
Tracking & Tracing reporting tool
EPC-IS
Notify
crate movements
EPC-IS
RFID-pilot
Container
Centralen
RFID-pilot
Fresh Link
EPC-IS
Schuitema
EPC-IS
C1000
Heemskerk
DC
Schuitema
C1000
RFID-
reader
RFID-
reader
RFID-
reader
RFID-
reader
RFID-
reader
RFID-
reader
Store Crate related
Supply Chain events
Notify other
crate movements
Collect detailed
crate movements
for further analysis
Locate
relevant
EPC-IS’s
1
2
3 4

14. Distributed EPCIS query
Factory Logistics DC Logistics Store
R
R
R
R
Coll/Filter Coll/Filter
EPCIS EPCIS
R R
R
R R
R
R
R
CC
Coll/Filter Coll/Filter Coll/Filter
EPCIS EPCIS EPCIS
Discovery
Service
R R R
Where can I find EPC X?
Coll/Filter
EPCIS
CC
Crate Track & Trace
applicationList of EPC-IS's and
timestamps
Distributed EPC-IS query
to find details about crates
(location / business-step/ disposition)
Container Centralen
Pool Admin Tool
Give Crate History
Give chain of custody
In collaboration with

15. In collaboration with

16. Current conclusions on discovery service
• The EPCglobal network architecture is workable, yet
• The Discovery Service is in need of standards
• Dependency on notify message may be an vulnerability
• Need to rethink how much data is needed at the different levels to
prevent overloading the network
• Cashing seems to be usefull to improve performance and reduce
data loss (how long will data be available in an EPC-IS?)
• Gathering all the data centrally to use the full potential of BI tools is
tempting, but dynamic data slicing on a distributed data warehouse
is the preferable approach

17. Current conclusions discovery service
• The EPCglobal network architecture is workable but:
• The Discovery Service is in need of standards
• Dependency on notify message may be an vulnerability
• Need to rethink how much data is needed at the different levels to
prevent overloading the network
• Cashing seems to be usefull to improve performance and reduce
data loss (how long will data be available in an EPC-IS?)
• Gathering all the data centrally to use the full potential of BI tools is
tempting, but dynamic data slicing on a distributed data warehouse
is the preferable approach

18. AMC Hospital Case
In collaboration with

19. AMC ( Hospital ) RFID project
• 3 parts
• Participation by AMC, Geodan, CapGemini, Oracle & Intel
• Sponsored by Intel & Dutch Ministry of Healthcare
• Track & Trace of
• the Patients & the medical staffs*
• the Assets including blood bags
• Disposal management
• Interference between RFID and medical equipment
discovered ( and worked around )
• Patient Safety / Insight on operation / Efficiency
• AMC is satisfied and committed to continue
In collaboration with

20. Geodan Movida
Network agnostic track & trace solution
• Works with RFID and other network types
• Based on Oracle RDBMS / Spatial + Apps Server
• At AMC used for
• Track & trace of patients
• Track & trace of medical staffs
• Track & trace of blood bags and other assets
• Other deployments include modern prison system in the
Netherlands

21. AMC case : Disposals
• No inventory for the items going into Operation Rooms
• Encountered a new challenge : RFID interference with
medical equipments !!!
• Worked around
• In the vicinity of the operation rooms : handheld devices
• Using Sensor Edge Mobile + Oracle Lite
• Where possible normal antennas with Oracle Sensor Edge Server
In collaboration with

23. Conclusion
• Despite some challenges RFID proved to be an important
component to realize asset management systems
• The endorsement of the RFID based system by the
business is critical for going in production with the solution

24. Leon.Smiers@capgemini.com
Shintaro.Nagaoka@oracle.com