1. Reasoning “When an argument includes both quality evidence and a valid reasoning foundation, the argument is considered to be sound” By: Eric Melara

3. Major premise

4. Minor premise

6. Inductive reasoningExample reasoning Using specific instances as a basis for making a valid conclusion Case #1 Case #2 Case #3 Case #4

7. Inductive reasoningCausal reasoning For every action there is a reaction Two forms of causal reasoning: Cause to effect: cause capable of producing some unknown effect Effect to cause: some known effect has been produced by some unknown cause

8. Inductive reasoningSign reasoning A connection between two related things The presence of an attribute indicating that something else exists.

9. Inductive reasoningComparison reasoning Drawing comparisons between two similar things and concluding that, what is correct about one is also correct about the other.

10. Inductive reasoningReasoning from authority Accepting an argument because it came from a credible source or authority.

11. Deductive reasoning Reasoning from general statements to a logically certain conclusion A deductive argument has three parts: a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.

12. Deductive reasoningMajor premise The major premise is a general statement “ONLINE CLASSES ARE NOT EASIER THAN REGULAR CLASSES”

13. Deductive reasoningMinor premise A statement of a specific instance related to the major premise “I AM TAKING AN ONLINE CLASS AND IT HAS BEEN HARDER THAN SOME OTHER CLASSES I HAVE HAD”

14. Deductive reasoningConclusion The statement derived from the minor premises relationship to the major premise “MY ONLINE CLASS IS NOT EASIER THAN MY OTHER CLASSES”