SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  136
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
BMP Training Module 3
Rain Gardens and Bioretention
Sponsored by: MARC
Presenters:
Andy Sauer, P.E. (CDM)
Natalie Postel, P.E. (CDM)

January 23, 2009
Agenda










8:30-9:30 Lecture 1: Overview of Rain Gardens & Bioretention

Review Module 1 and WQv definition

Define Bioretention

Define Rain Gardens
10 minute break
9:40-10:30 Lecture 2: Design Examples

Bioretention

Rain Garden
15 minute break
10:45 – 11:30 Design Activity
11:30 – 11:45 Design Activity Results
11:45 – 12:00 Lecture 3: Other considerations

Implementation

Operations and maintenance

Vegetation

Lessons learned
Best Management Practice
(BMP)






Best – State of the Practice
 No definitive answer
 Past experience, testing, research,
 Unique to site
Management – Responsible Parties

Improve water quality, meet NPDES Phase II
 Jurisdictional specific

Meet specific requirements of a regional
Practice – Action or Implementation

Practice = defined to carry out, apply, or to
do or perform often.
Basic BMP Principles


Plan for stormwater management






Mimic natural hydrology





Sustainable and “be green”
Provide a level of service
Improve water quality
Increase initial abstraction
Promote infiltration, retention & ET

“Treat” the stormwater runoff



Natural processes
Treatment trains
BMP Evaluation Process
PLAN
MIMIC
TREAT
Extended detention
(40 hours) to
increase treatment
and decrease peak
flows
TREAT
Retain, Infiltrate, Evaporate, and
ET


Retain




Infiltrate





Vadose Zone
Subsurface

Evaporate




At the source

Excess standing water

Evapotranspiration
(ET)



Plant Uptake
Transpiration
Structural BMP Consideration










Pollutant removal efficiency
Water quality volume
Site suitability
Tributary area (< 4 acres)
Dimensions (depth, length-width ratio)
Outlet
Emergency spillway
Maintenance easement
Routine and non-routine maintenance
an
Qu

er

er

Aesthetics/Amenity

y
tit

W
at

at
W

Qu
ali
ty

BMP Evaluation
General Rule
BMP Manual
Post Development BMP
Selection
BMP Level of Service


Reduce Volume
• Infiltration
• Evapotranspiration (ET)



Remove total suspended solids (TSS)
• Settling



Temperature Reduction
• Urban heat island



Remove oils and Floatables
• Screening and netting
BMP Selection Flowchart
Level Of Service

BMP Value Rating

Water Quality
Volume/sizing

Placement,
maintenance
Water Quality Volume (WQv)


Water Quality Volume
(WQv): The storage needed
to capture and treat 90% of
the average annual storm
runoff volume



Water Quality Storm: The
storm event that produces ≤
90% volume of all daily
storms in a year



Bioretention and rain
garden design is based on
the WQv

WQv
Kansas City Water Quality
Storm
Young and McEnroe
(http://kcmetro.apwa.net)

Daily Precipitation (in)

2.
7

2.
5

2.
3

1.
9
2.
1

1.
5
1.
7

1.
1
1.
3

0.
5
0.
7
0.
9

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.
1
0.
3

Water Quality
Storm = 1.37 in

# of days > or=

2003 Kansas City Precip events
Why Use the WQv to size
BMP?


Retain runoff long enough to get
water quality benefits





Infiltrate
Maintain vegetation

Reducing erosive flows from
smaller runoff events


Less applicable
Water Quality Volume
Calculation


Two methods


Short-Cut Method
•
•



Sites < 10 acres
Only 1 predominant cover type

Small Storm Hydrology Method
•

Larger or more heterogeneous drainage
areas
WQv Calculation


Short-Cut Method
WQv = P*Rv





P = 24 hour Water Quality Storm (inches)
Rv = Volumetric run coefficient =
0.05+0.009(I)
I = % site Imperviousness = 100%
Rv = 0.95
WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in
WQv Calculation


Water Quality Volume


WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in



Driveway Example
20 ft x 30 ft = 600 ft2
1.3 in / 12 x 600 ft2 = 65 ft3 (486 gal)
65 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 0.65 ft



Residential Street Example
(28 ft / 2) x 100 ft = 1400 ft2
1.3 in / 12 x 1400 ft2 = 152 ft3 (1135 gal)
152 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 1.52 ft
WQv Calculation


Water Quality Volume


WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in

Typical Home
Roof Area = 2,100 ft2 (varies)

1.3 in / 12 x 2,100 ft2 = 227.5 ft3 (1,702 gal)
Assume 4 downspouts with equal area
228 ft3 / 4 = 57 ft3 (426 gal)
57 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 0.57 ft
Typical Lot – BMPs in ROW


Insert Lot Layout Figure
970

971

970
972

973

969
Typical Lot – BMPs in Private
970
971

970
972

973

969
Questions?
Bioretention

Topeka KS
What is bioretention?




A BMP that utilizes
natural chemical,
biological, and physical
properties of plants,
microbes, and soils to
filter, treat, and infiltrate
stormwater runoff.
Bioretention differs
from a rain garden in
that is has an
engineered underdrain
system.
Bioretention Plan view

Pretreatment
sheet flow

Underdrain

Bioretention
soil mix
High flow
inlet

Vegetation
Outflow

Overflow
Weir
Bioretention


Designed to filter WQv in 1-3 days
High Flow Inlet
(slanted grate in side slope
preferred)

Underdrain
Cleanout
Pollu
ted R

unof
f

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

45° Wye
Fitting

4’’ Min. HDPE
Underdrain
(min. slope
0.5%)

Ponding Depth
6” Typical

Geotextile Fabric
on top of #7
Stone

Geotextile
Fabric Under
#57 Stone

Overflow Weir
Elevation
Bioretention
10’ Min. Grass
Filter Strip

10-15’ Min.
(recommended)

Curb Cut

24”
Rock
Diaphragm

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

12”
2.5’ Min. Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)

12”

11”

12” Wide Geotextile Fabric on top of #7
Stone
4” Min. HDPE Perforated Underdrain
Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone
Bioretention Pretreatment



Sheet flow entering the site is best
Concentrated flow requires energy
dissipaters





Decrease velocity
Particle settling

Options




Baffle boxes
Surge stone
Filter Strips

Topeka KS
Vegetative Pretreatment


Sheet flow: Vegetated filter strip



Concentrated flow: Vegetated channel

Filter Strip

Leawood KS

Channel
Olathe KS
Pretreatment - Vegetated
filter strip




Acts as a pre-filter
Reduces flow velocity
Can be planted with native grass or turf

Kansas City MO
Pretreatment - Vegetated
Channel



Same benefits as filter strip
Can be planted with native grass or turf
Bioretention Ponding Area




Temporary storage as water filters through
soil mixture
Minimize depth required to hold WQv
Maximize surface area for infiltration

Lenexa KS
Bioretention Vegetation



Water volume reduction through transpiration and
increased infiltration through root pathways
Pollutant and nutrient removal through plant uptake
Broadleaf Arrowhead,
Sagittaria latifolia

Robert H. Mohlenbrock @ USDANRCS PLANTS Database

Lenexa KS
Bioretention Vegetation
Types






Should be tolerant to both
extended wet and dry
periods
Aesthetics are important
Approximately 6 species
Native grasses and other
ground cover
Bioretention Soil Mixture

High Flow Inlet
(slanted grate in side slope
preferred)

Underdrain
Cleanout
Pollu
ted R

unof
f

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

45° Wye
Fitting

4’’ Min. HDPE
Underdrain
(min. slope
0.5%)

Ponding Depth
6” Typical

Geotextile Fabric
on top of #7
Stone

Geotextile
Fabric Under
#57 Stone

Overflow Weir
Elevation
Bioretention Soil Mixture
(BSM)







Appendix A contains specifications for BSM
Must have permeability greater than 1 ft/day
A mix of compost, planting soil, and sand
Free of stones, stumps, roots
Free of brush or seeds from noxious weeds
Organic mulch layer to cover the BSM




Prevents erosion of BSM, retains moisture, aids
biological growth and decomposition, and filters
pollutants
Pine mulch, wood chips, or grass clippings should
NOT be used
Bioretention Underdrain

High Flow Inlet
(slanted grate in side slope
preferred)

Underdrain
Cleanout
Pollu
ted R

unof
f

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

45° Wye
Fitting

4’’ Min. HDPE
Underdrain
(min. slope
0.5%)

Ponding Depth
6” Typical

Geotextile Fabric
on top of #7
Stone

Geotextile
Fabric Under
#57 Stone

Overflow Weir
Elevation
Bioretention
10’ Min. Grass
Filter Strip

10-15’ Min.
(recommended)

Curb Cut

24”
Rock
Diaphragm

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

12”
2.5’ Min. Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)

12”

11”

12” Wide Geotextile Fabric on top of #7
Stone
4” Min. HDPE Perforated Underdrain
Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone
Bioretention Underdrain


Increases the soils ability to drain



Soil remains in an aerobic state


Increases number of appropriate plant species



Surround with an aggregate followed by a
sand layer



Clean out drain
Bioretention Underdrain

Lenexa KS
Bioretention Underdrain

Lenexa KS
Bioretention Outlet



Attach to underdrain and possibly high flow
drain



Connect to conventional storm water system
or create a non-erosive outfall using energy
dissipation structures
Bioretention High Flow
Structures
High Flow Inlet
(slanted grate in side slope
preferred)

Underdrain
Cleanout
Pollu
ted R

unof
f

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

45° Wye
Fitting

4’’ Min. HDPE
Underdrain
(min. slope
0.5%)

Ponding Depth
6” Typical

Geotextile Fabric
on top of #7
Stone

Geotextile
Fabric Under
#57 Stone

Overflow Weir
Elevation
Bioretention High Flow
Structures






A bigger concern in commercial areas
 Parking lot runoff
Design to allow 1% event to pass through or
around facility

10% storm passes through high flow inlet

1% storm passes through overflow weir
Minimize ponding of water above WQv
Options
 Yard drain catch basin
 Stabilized channel
 Weir
Bioretention High Flow
Structures

Lenexa KS
Bioretention High Flow
Structures

Topeka KS
Bioretention Siting
Considerations






Off-line, outside of stream corridor
Tributary area must be stabilized against erosion
Not on fill sites or steep slopes (unless
enhanced)
Minimum 20’ setback from maximum water
surface to surrounding structures
Use fences and landscaping to impede access as
needed to protect public safety
Bioretention Siting
Considerations







Off-line, outside of stream corridor
Tributary area must be stabilized against erosion
Route stormwater around BMP until plants are
established
Not on fill sites or steep slopes (unless
enhanced)
Minimum 20’ setback from maximum water
surface to surrounding structures
Use fences and landscaping to impede access as
needed to protect public safety
Bioretention Installation
Considerations


Rototill bottom of excavation area to at least 6
inches prior to adding planting soil


Except in areas that will support the underdrains



Plant vegetation in early spring to take advantage
of spring rains



Do not bring on-line until plants are established
(45 days minimum from planting date)



Water plants as needed during the first year
Bioretention Maintenance



Relatively low maintenance
Biannual inspection







Erosion of pretreatment areas
Spot mulching
Dead or diseased vegetation removal
Trash removal
Check Overflow structures
Inspect for wet boggy areas
Bioretention Advantages









Minimal land area requirements
Flexibility in design themes
Pollutant uptake by vegetation
Groundwater recharge
Reduction of downstream peak runoff rate and
volume to be managed
Creation of wildlife habitats
Recreational and aesthetic benefits
Reduction in downstream water temperature
Bioretention Disadvantages







Sediment can quickly clog a bioretention facility
Not suitable in areas with high water table (1-2
feet from ground surface)
Flood control features are not easily incorporated
Serve only small
tributary areas
(< 4 acres)
BSM must meet soil
specifications for
permeability & to
support plants
Lenexa KS
Bioretention Lessons Learned






Establishing Vegetation
takes time (1-3 years)
Erosion of banks can be
significant
Consider by-pass for first
2-6 months after
construction based on
vegetation growth
Filter strip or other pretreatment before inflow
increases performance
Questions?
Rain Gardens

Lenexa, KS
Rain Gardens






Small depression planted
with native wetland and
prairie vegetation
Collect and infiltrate
stormwater
Can be placed in
many settings




Residential yards
Public areas
Commercial sites

10,000 Gardens (www.rainkc.com)
Bioretention vs. Rain
Gardens
Similarities
 Collection and infiltration of rainwater water
quality volume (WQv)


Biomass removes pollutants by filtration and
uptake

Kansas City MO
Bioretention vs. Rain
Gardens
Differences
 Size of facility







Max runoff area for a
rain garden ~1 acre

Excavation
Bioretention soil
mixture (BSM)
versus on-site soils
Engineered
underdrain system
Rain Gardens in Public Areas

http://www.dof.virginia.gov/mgt/resources/pub-Rain-Garden-Tech-Guide_01.pdf
Rain Gardens in Residential
Yards

10,000 Rain gardens (www.rainkc.com)

Maplewood, MN
Rain Gardens

Vegetation
Impervious
Surface
Grass
buffer

Ponding
Area
Augmented Soil

http://fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/youyourland/landscape.pdf
Rain Garden Soil


Existing soil may need to be augmented to
increase permeability and encourage plant
growth. Should be a combination of:




Loam
Sand
Clay

UMKC Rain garden Project
Rain Garden Vegetation



Deep rooted native perennials provide greatest
stormwater capture and infiltration
Species should be tolerant of drought and
periodic flooding
Rain Garden Mulch




Cover soil and surround plants with a layer of
mulch to reduce erosion, retain moisture and help
filter pollutants
Should be shredded hardwood not pine

Olathe KS
Rain Garden Site Selection


Existing low spot in
yard



Where downspouts
will drain into it



Setback from building
foundations by at
least 10 ft

10,000 Rain gardens (www.rainkc.com)
Rain Garden Maintenance


Water plants about every other day for the first
two to three weeks




Once native plants are established, they require
little or no additional watering

Do not fertilize



Overgrowth results in plants falling over
Fertilizer stimulates weed growth
Rain Garden Advantages






Low cost
Minimal excavation
Promote infiltration near the source
Lot level amenity
Public education and outreach tool
Rain Garden Disadvantages






Small contributing area (< 1 ac)
Private property
Performance can vary
Long term implementation
Require property owner maintenance
Questions?
10 minute break
Lecture 2: Design Example

Topeka KS
Bioretention
Pretreatment
sheet flow

Underdrain

Bioretention
soil mix
High flow
inlet

Vegetation
Outflow

Overflow
Weir
Bioretention Design Criteria


Pretreatment











Vegetated filter strip if runoff enters as sheet
flow
Vegetated channel if runoff is concentrated or
channelized
Other options available

Planting soil bed and ponding area
Underdrain
Overflow
Vegetation
Bioretention Design Example



Design a bioretention BMP to treat a 0.5
acre parking lot.
Use the Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM)
specifications detailed in Appendix A.
Water Quality Storage
Volume
Bioretention Design Procedure Form

i.
ii.

Tributary area to bioretention cell = 0.5 acres
Calculate water quality storage volume
Water Quality Storage
Volume
ii.

Calculate Water Quality Storage Volume (WQv)
Short-Cut Method
WQv = P*Rv


P = 24 hour Water Quality Storm (inches)
P = 1.37 inches (Kansas City)




Rv = Volumetric runoff coefficient = 0.05+0.009(I)
I = % site imperviousness
WQv Example Short-cut
Method


Given:
 A
Tributary = 0.5 acres


%impervious = 99%
WQv = P * Rv*Area

= (1.37in)*(1ft/12in) * (0.05 + 0.009 * 99%)*0.5 ac
Bioretention Pretreatment



For sheet flow use a vegetated filter strip
For concentrated flow use a vegetated channel
Bioretention Vegetated filter
strip

Lfs
Bioretention Vegetated filter
strip



Determine the maximum inflow approach length,
equal to overland flow length from tributary area
Use the following table to identify minimum filter
strip length (Lfs) slopes <2% and >2%.


Slope not to exceed 6 percent

Table 13 Pre-treatment Filter Strip Sizing Guidance
Parameter
Impervious Parking
Residential Lawns
Lots
Maximum inflow
approach length
(feet)

35

Filter strip slope

≤ 2% ≥ 2%

Filter strip minimum
length (feet)

10

75

15

≤2
%
20

75

150

≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2%
25

10

12

15

18
Bioretention Vegetated filter
strip
Table 13 Pre-treatment Filter Strip Sizing Guidance
Parameter

Impervious Parking
Lots

Maximum inflow
approach length
(feet)
Filter strip slope
Filter strip minimum
length (feet)

35
≤ 2%
10

Residential Lawns

75

75

≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2%
15

20

25

≤ 2%
10

150
≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2%
12

15

18
Bioretention Vegetated
Channel
Bioretention Vegetated
channel


Determine the percent imperviousness of the
tributary area




This can be different than the %impervious used for the
WQv calculation

Use Table 14 to identify minimum length (LVC) for
channels slopes <2% and >2%


Slope not to exceed 6 percent

Table 14 Pretreatment Grass Channel Sizing Guidance for a 1.0-Acre Tributary Area

Parameter
Channel Slope
Grass Channel
Minimum Length
(feet)

≤ 33%
Impervious

34% to 66%
Impervious

≥ 67%
Impervious

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

25

40

30

45

35

50
Bioretention Vegetated
channel
Table 14 Pretreatment Grass Channel Sizing Guidance for a 1.0-Acre Tributary Area

Parameter
Channel Slope
Grass Channel
Minimum Length
(feet)

≤ 33%
Impervious

34% to 66%
Impervious

≥ 67%
Impervious

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

≤ 2%

≥ 2%

25

40

30

45

35

50
Bioretention Planting soil bed and
ponding area
Bioretention Planting
Soil Bed


Set planting soil bed depth (df)





Must be between 2.5 to 4 feet
Soil bed must be 4 inches deeper than the bottom
of the largest root ball

Test soil permeability (k)


Must be at least 1 ft/day
Bioretention Ponding Area


Set max water ponding depth (hMAX)




Between 3 to 6 inches (hMAX = HWQ)

Calculate average water ponding depth (h)
h = hMAX / 2
Bioretention Planting Soil Bed
and Ponding Area
Max
(K) Measured
Max
= 0.5 / 2
Bioretention Planting Soil
Bed and Ponding Area


Select time for WQV to filter through planting
soil bed (tf)




3 days is recommended

Calculate required filter bed surface area (Af)
Af = (WQv * 43,560 * df) / [K * tf * (havg + df)]
Bioretention Planting Soil
Bed and Ponding Area


Calculate length and width of bed


Length = (L:W Ratio * Af)0.5, L:W must be > 2



Width = (W:L Ratio * Af)0.5, W:L must be < 0.5



Ensure that length > 40 ft and width > 15 ft
Bioretention Planting Soil
Bed and Ponding Area

= (0.0537*43,560*4)/[1.0*3*(0.25+4)]

= (2*735)1/2 = 38
= 735/40
Bioretention Underdrain
Bioretention Underdrain
Pollu
ted

Underdrain
Cleanout
Runo
ff

3” Shredded
Hardwood Mulch
(free of debris)

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

45° Wye
Fitting

4’’ Min. HDPE
Underdrain
(min. slope 0.5%)

Geotextile Fabric
on top of #7 Stone

Geotextile Fabric
Under #57 Stone
Bioretention Underdrain


Set underdrain diameter (Du)


At least 4 inches

nPERF >= 4



Use at least 4 perforations rows
around the drain pipe (nPERF)



Use perforation diameter (DPERF) of at least
0.375 inches

Du = 4 inches



Use a longitudinal spacing between
perforations (SPERF) of 6 inches on center



Set depth of gravel blanket around
underdrain


At least 8 inches and greater or
= Du + 2 inches

DPERF = 0.375 inches
Bioretention Underdrain
6

8

0.375

6
5
Bioretention Underdrain


Ensure underdrain grade is at least 0.5 percent



Provide a clean-out for each pipe run or every 50’



Provide a valve or cap at end of underdrain




Longer retention of water for plant uptake and
groundwater recharge

Connect underdrain to stormwater system or
suitable outfall
Bioretention Underdrain


If planting soil bed width > 20 ft, then add
transverse collector pipes



Spacing of transverse collector pipes (Su) < 10 ft
Number of transverse collector pipes
(npipe) = planting soil bed length / Su

For example:
npipe = 120 ft / 10ft = 12 transverse collector pipes
120ft

60ft

10ft
Bioretention Underdrain
NO

NA

0
0.5

YES
Bioretention Overflow








Bioretention BMPs must be
able to safely route or
bypass runoff up to the 1%
event
If the 1% event is routed
through, flow velocity must
be kept below 3 fps to
prevent erosion
If a bypass is used, it must
be able to route all events
up to and including the 1%
event
Overflow can be a vegetated
or stabilized channel or a
yard inlet catch basin

Topeka KSC

UMKC Rain garden
Project
Bioretention Overflow

High Flow Inlet
(slanted grate in side slope
preferred)
1% Storm
Pollu
ted R

10% Storm
unof
f

WQv

Bioretention Soil
Mixture (BSM)
2.5ft – 4ft

Overflow Weir
Elevation
Grading


Side slopes 4:1 or flatter for entire bioretention or rain
garden area

UMKC Rain Garden Project
Bioretention Vegetation


Purpose








Removal of water by evapotranspiration
Creation of infiltration pathways via root
development
Pollutant uptake
Aesthetic value

Specify




Species
Amount
Spacing

Topeka KS
Bioretention Vegetation


Plant a mix of Redbud and White Mulberry with 6-foot
spacing between trunks and at least 6 feet from facility
edges. Plant an even mix of Yellow Coneflower, little
bluestem, and side-oats grama with 2-foot spacing
between plants. Plant Indiangrass in and around other
species to fill out facility. These species are perennial
and tolerant of dry and wet conditions and sunlight. This
mix provides a multi-layered canopy and aesthetic
appearance from green, yellow, purple, and white
flowers.
Bioretention Maintenance








Similar to any landscaped area
Inspect overflow structures
Inspect, prune, remove vegetation
Inspect for erosion
Spot mulch
Remove trash
Inspect after storm
events > 0.5in

Topeka KS
Questions?
Rain Gardens

UMKC rain garden
Project
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens

Vegetation
Impervious
Surface
Grass
buffer

Ponding
Area
Augmented Soil
Rain Garden Design Sites


Maximum drainage area is ~ 1 acre
Garden should be at least 30% as large as
impervious area



Typical sites






Residential yards
Community areas

10,000 Rain Gardens
(www.rainkc.com)
Rain Garden Design Sites


Minimum of 10ft from structures



Should complement natural drainage of area

Kansas City MO
Rain Garden WQv


Same Water Quality Volume calculation as
Bioretention


Use short-cut method
Regional Soil Classifications
Rain Garden Max Depth
USDA
Soil Texture
Classification

(Ksat)
Infiltration
Rate
(in/hr)

24 hr
Max Ponding
Depth
(in)

48 hr
Max Ponding
Depth
(in)

Sand

9.28

222.6

445.2

Loamy Sand

2.35

56.5

113.0

Sandy Loam

0.86

20.6

41.2

Loam

0.52

12.5

24.9

Silt Loam

0.27

6.4

12.9

Sandy Clay Loam

0.12

2.8

5.7

Clay Loam

0.08

1.9

3.8

Silty Clay Loam

0.08

1.9

3.8

Sandy Clay

0.05

1.1

2.3

Silty Clay

0.04

0.9

1.9

Clay

0.02

0.6

1.1
Clayey Soil Infiltration Rates

Three dimensional plot of infiltration rates for
clayey soil conditions. (Pitt, et. al, 2002)
Sandy Soil Infiltration Rates

Three dimensional plot of infiltration rates
for sandy soil conditions. (Pitt, et. al, 2002)
Building a Rain Garden
Volume


Ponding depth of WQv is dependent on the soils
(Typically 4-6 inches)



Ponded water should be infiltrated within 24-48
hrs



A slightly deeper area can be incorporated to hold
water longer



Side slopes should be flatter than or equal to 4:1
Rain Garden Soil


Amend clay soils with organic material to improve
drainage





Loam, peat, compost
Sand

Add a 3 inch layer of untreated, shredded
hardwood mulch
Rain Garden Vegetation
Rain Garden Vegetation
Rain Garden Vegetation


Other resources

Appendix A in BMP
manual


10,000 Rain Gardens
• www.rainkc.com
Rain Garden Maintenance


Biannually





Inspect for erosion
Mulch

Annually





Year 1

Inspect spillway
Prune, remove,
inspect vegetation

Year 5

Similar to
Bioretention
St. Stephens School, Alexandria Virginia
Questions?
Break (15 minutes)
Bioretention Design Activity
Activity
Design a bioretention area to capture the WQv from a
2 acre tributary area with 85 % imperviousness.
Stormwater enters the facility as sheetflow off
impervious surfaces with a maximum inflow length of
75 feet. Use the BSM specified in Appendix A to
determine the dimensions of the bioretention area.
Activity Solution
Lecture 3: Follow up,
Lesson’s Learned, Review
Criteria

Kansas City MO
Follow up, Review Criteria,
Maintenance, Plants


Phases of BMP development







Key points of emphasis for each party






Preliminary Plan
Final Plan
Construction
Operation and Maintenance
Designer
Reviewer
Stakeholder

Maintenance
Designer
Review Team

Planning Phase
– Environmental Site
Assessment
– Select Post
Construction BMPs
– Flood Control Study
– Establish Long-term
Maintenance Agreements

Plat
Approval

Planning
Engineering
Parks & Recreation
Environmental Specialists
Attorney

Design Phase
– Erosion and
sedimentation
controls
– Post-construction
BMPs
– Flood control
improvements

Building
Permit
Review Team
Planning
Engineering
Code Compliance
Inspectors

Review Team
Planning
Engineering
Parks & Recreation
Environmental Specialists
Operations & Maintenance

Construction Phase
– Inspect and maintain
BMPs for construction
activities
– Construct Post
Construction BMPs
– Maintain agreements for
post-construction BMPs

Occupancy
Permit
General Maintenance








Event Inspection (> 0.5 inches)

Inspect facility operation, especially outlet structure

Remove trash & debris

Document potential problems
Monthly Inspection

Inspect & repair erosion

Water plant material during dry periods (1st Year)
 Perform routine plant maintenance (pruning, weeding, etc.)
Semi-Annual Inspection

Remove and replace dead or diseased vegetation

Re-landscape/re-mulch any area areas
Annual Inspection

Inspect inlet & outlet structure condition

Record assessment of planted species & evidence of invasive
plant species

Perform comprehensive safety inspection
Other Maintenance
Consideration






Maintenance access - 15 feet wide strip around the
perimeter of the site
May need to harvest excess plants
Erosion issues
Sedimentation
Remove trash/floatables

Olathe KS
Vegetation



Use plants listed in the BMP Manual Appendix A
“Recommended Plant Materials for BMPs”
Narrow down from this list by:





Native/Non-Native
Treatment only, habitat creation / biodiversity,
aesthetics?
Evaluating site conditions - soil quality, climate,
wetness, pollution
• Hardier plants would work better in areas with poorer
site conditions
Vegetation


Narrow down from this list by (cont):


Speaking with local nursery or botanists
•
•
•



What plants are available for purchase?
Which plants have the best survivability?
Which plants would be best candidates for wet areas,
variable moisture, poor soils, etc.?

Visit at natural wetland in the area
• What plants are naturally favored in local area?
• Are there specific invasive species that need to be
managed?



Check municipal codes to ensure all plant materials
are approved for the area
Native versus Non-native
Plants


Native plants are
recommended







Adapted to environmentgrowing season
corresponds to wet
season
Dense, deep root system
Increase infiltration
More drought tolerant
Disease resistant
Vegetation Resources
http://plants.usda.gov






Appendix A in the MARC BMP manual
Local nurseries
www.kansasnativeplantsociety.org
www.grownative.org
Upcoming Training Sessions



Module #4 – Extended Dry Detention & Infiltration
(Pervious Pavements)



Date: February 20, 2009
Location: Helzberg Auditorium, KCPL
Questions?

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and Planning
Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and PlanningLow Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and Planning
Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and PlanningSovereignConsultingInc
 
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposal
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposalWeek 09 lecture 08 sewage disposal
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposalHena Dutt
 
Australia: Knox: Rain garden design
Australia: Knox: Rain garden designAustralia: Knox: Rain garden design
Australia: Knox: Rain garden designSotirakou964
 
Presentation for safegard septic tank
Presentation for safegard septic tankPresentation for safegard septic tank
Presentation for safegard septic tankkalyanmaji
 
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...Soil and Water Conservation Society
 
Bs finallll (1)
Bs finallll (1)Bs finallll (1)
Bs finallll (1)Lam Yu
 
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...India Water Portal
 
Terafil Water Filter S Khuntia Nov 11
Terafil Water Filter  S Khuntia Nov 11Terafil Water Filter  S Khuntia Nov 11
Terafil Water Filter S Khuntia Nov 11khuntias
 
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi)
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi) Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi)
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi) Yash Pandya
 
Charleston presentation final
Charleston presentation finalCharleston presentation final
Charleston presentation finalkcreswell
 
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw Maintenance
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw MaintenanceManaging Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw Maintenance
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw MaintenanceTheodore Scott
 
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer system
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer systemSewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer system
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer systemLahari Yaddanapudi
 
2010 tn green infrastructure
2010 tn green infrastructure2010 tn green infrastructure
2010 tn green infrastructurecurt_jawdy
 
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment Water
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment WaterReuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment Water
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment WaterIJERA Editor
 

Tendances (20)

Water treatment
Water treatmentWater treatment
Water treatment
 
Septic Tank
Septic TankSeptic Tank
Septic Tank
 
Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and Planning
Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and PlanningLow Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and Planning
Low Impact Development: Stormwater Management Design and Planning
 
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposal
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposalWeek 09 lecture 08 sewage disposal
Week 09 lecture 08 sewage disposal
 
Australia: Knox: Rain garden design
Australia: Knox: Rain garden designAustralia: Knox: Rain garden design
Australia: Knox: Rain garden design
 
Presentation for safegard septic tank
Presentation for safegard septic tankPresentation for safegard septic tank
Presentation for safegard septic tank
 
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...
Factors Affecting Adoption of Stormwater Management Practices by Homeowners -...
 
Bs finallll (1)
Bs finallll (1)Bs finallll (1)
Bs finallll (1)
 
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...
Terafil Water filters_Sri Sai water treatment pvt ltd._Indovation 2015_23 Jan...
 
Terafil Water Filter S Khuntia Nov 11
Terafil Water Filter  S Khuntia Nov 11Terafil Water Filter  S Khuntia Nov 11
Terafil Water Filter S Khuntia Nov 11
 
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi)
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi) Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi)
Report On Visit Of WTP (Nimeta) and STP (Gajrawadi)
 
anu
anuanu
anu
 
Charleston presentation final
Charleston presentation finalCharleston presentation final
Charleston presentation final
 
Module VI Rural Sanitation
Module VI Rural SanitationModule VI Rural Sanitation
Module VI Rural Sanitation
 
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw Maintenance
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw MaintenanceManaging Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw Maintenance
Managing Stormwater Management for Property Managers Sw Maintenance
 
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer system
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer systemSewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer system
Sewage disposal methods- Sanitation and sewer system
 
2010 tn green infrastructure
2010 tn green infrastructure2010 tn green infrastructure
2010 tn green infrastructure
 
L 18 trickling filter
L 18 trickling filterL 18 trickling filter
L 18 trickling filter
 
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment Water
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment WaterReuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment Water
Reuse & Recirculation of Filter Backwash Water of Water Treatment Water
 
Construction details of septic tank (rkg)
Construction details of septic tank (rkg)Construction details of septic tank (rkg)
Construction details of septic tank (rkg)
 

Similaire à MARC BMP Manual Training Module 3

Introduction to Low Impact Development
Introduction to Low Impact DevelopmentIntroduction to Low Impact Development
Introduction to Low Impact Developmentrlucera
 
Texas; Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin Energy
Texas;  Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin EnergyTexas;  Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin Energy
Texas; Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin EnergyV9X
 
Capstone Midterm
Capstone MidtermCapstone Midterm
Capstone Midtermdchewni
 
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance WarrenSWCD
 
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2Lesley Rigney
 
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design IntroductionTheodore Scott
 
Ecw 579 week 6. latest
Ecw 579 week 6. latestEcw 579 week 6. latest
Ecw 579 week 6. latestAdilah Anuar
 
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...New Jersey Future
 
sewage treatment plant
sewage treatment plantsewage treatment plant
sewage treatment plantBhavik Patel
 
Stormwater Roundtable Presenation 01/10
Stormwater  Roundtable Presenation 01/10Stormwater  Roundtable Presenation 01/10
Stormwater Roundtable Presenation 01/10Emily Eder
 
CornellStormwaterProposal
CornellStormwaterProposalCornellStormwaterProposal
CornellStormwaterProposaljamie Nassar
 
micro irrigation design detail ppt
micro irrigation design detail pptmicro irrigation design detail ppt
micro irrigation design detail pptEr. Ahmad Ali
 
San Bernardino
San BernardinoSan Bernardino
San Bernardinobrentdzn
 
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment Plant
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment PlantDesign of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment Plant
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment PlantARUN KUMAR
 
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015Krystal White
 

Similaire à MARC BMP Manual Training Module 3 (20)

Introduction to Low Impact Development
Introduction to Low Impact DevelopmentIntroduction to Low Impact Development
Introduction to Low Impact Development
 
Texas; Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin Energy
Texas;  Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin EnergyTexas;  Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin Energy
Texas; Innovative Stormwater Controls - Austin Energy
 
Stormwater Filtering Design
Stormwater Filtering DesignStormwater Filtering Design
Stormwater Filtering Design
 
Capstone Midterm
Capstone MidtermCapstone Midterm
Capstone Midterm
 
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance
Bioretention Inspection and Maintenance
 
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2
MARC BMP Manual Training Module 2
 
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction
2011 6 14 Home Builders of MD Environmental Site Design Introduction
 
Circular buffer strips
Circular buffer stripsCircular buffer strips
Circular buffer strips
 
Ecw 579 week 6. latest
Ecw 579 week 6. latestEcw 579 week 6. latest
Ecw 579 week 6. latest
 
sewage Treatment.pdf
sewage Treatment.pdfsewage Treatment.pdf
sewage Treatment.pdf
 
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...
Jersey Water Works Green Infrastructure Training at NJ Society of Municipal E...
 
sewage treatment plant
sewage treatment plantsewage treatment plant
sewage treatment plant
 
Stormwater Roundtable Presenation 01/10
Stormwater  Roundtable Presenation 01/10Stormwater  Roundtable Presenation 01/10
Stormwater Roundtable Presenation 01/10
 
Biological Treatment for Waste Water
Biological Treatment for Waste WaterBiological Treatment for Waste Water
Biological Treatment for Waste Water
 
CornellStormwaterProposal
CornellStormwaterProposalCornellStormwaterProposal
CornellStormwaterProposal
 
micro irrigation design detail ppt
micro irrigation design detail pptmicro irrigation design detail ppt
micro irrigation design detail ppt
 
San Bernardino
San BernardinoSan Bernardino
San Bernardino
 
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment Plant
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment PlantDesign of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment Plant
Design of 210 Mld Sewage Treatment Plant
 
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015
Green Roof Capstone Seminar_KW_April 2015
 
BSF construction
BSF constructionBSF construction
BSF construction
 

Dernier

Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashasashalaycock03
 
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeHow to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeCeline George
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptxmary850239
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.raviapr7
 
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptx
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptxProtein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptx
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptxvidhisharma994099
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICESayali Powar
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
 
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptxmary850239
 
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....Riddhi Kevadiya
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSyedNadeemGillANi
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational Trust
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational TrustVani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational Trust
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational TrustSavipriya Raghavendra
 
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdfJayanti Pande
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsEugene Lysak
 

Dernier (20)

Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
 
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeHow to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
 
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptx
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptxProtein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptx
Protein Structure - threading Protein modelling pptx
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
 
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
 
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....
Riddhi Kevadiya. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE....
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational Trust
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational TrustVani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational Trust
Vani Magazine - Quarterly Magazine of Seshadripuram Educational Trust
 
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic SupportMarch 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
 
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf
10 Topics For MBA Project Report [HR].pdf
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
 

MARC BMP Manual Training Module 3

  • 1. BMP Training Module 3 Rain Gardens and Bioretention Sponsored by: MARC Presenters: Andy Sauer, P.E. (CDM) Natalie Postel, P.E. (CDM) January 23, 2009
  • 2. Agenda        8:30-9:30 Lecture 1: Overview of Rain Gardens & Bioretention  Review Module 1 and WQv definition  Define Bioretention  Define Rain Gardens 10 minute break 9:40-10:30 Lecture 2: Design Examples  Bioretention  Rain Garden 15 minute break 10:45 – 11:30 Design Activity 11:30 – 11:45 Design Activity Results 11:45 – 12:00 Lecture 3: Other considerations  Implementation  Operations and maintenance  Vegetation  Lessons learned
  • 3. Best Management Practice (BMP)    Best – State of the Practice  No definitive answer  Past experience, testing, research,  Unique to site Management – Responsible Parties  Improve water quality, meet NPDES Phase II  Jurisdictional specific  Meet specific requirements of a regional Practice – Action or Implementation  Practice = defined to carry out, apply, or to do or perform often.
  • 4. Basic BMP Principles  Plan for stormwater management     Mimic natural hydrology    Sustainable and “be green” Provide a level of service Improve water quality Increase initial abstraction Promote infiltration, retention & ET “Treat” the stormwater runoff   Natural processes Treatment trains
  • 5. BMP Evaluation Process PLAN MIMIC TREAT Extended detention (40 hours) to increase treatment and decrease peak flows
  • 6. TREAT Retain, Infiltrate, Evaporate, and ET  Retain   Infiltrate    Vadose Zone Subsurface Evaporate   At the source Excess standing water Evapotranspiration (ET)   Plant Uptake Transpiration
  • 7. Structural BMP Consideration          Pollutant removal efficiency Water quality volume Site suitability Tributary area (< 4 acres) Dimensions (depth, length-width ratio) Outlet Emergency spillway Maintenance easement Routine and non-routine maintenance
  • 11. BMP Level of Service  Reduce Volume • Infiltration • Evapotranspiration (ET)  Remove total suspended solids (TSS) • Settling  Temperature Reduction • Urban heat island  Remove oils and Floatables • Screening and netting
  • 12. BMP Selection Flowchart Level Of Service BMP Value Rating Water Quality Volume/sizing Placement, maintenance
  • 13. Water Quality Volume (WQv)  Water Quality Volume (WQv): The storage needed to capture and treat 90% of the average annual storm runoff volume  Water Quality Storm: The storm event that produces ≤ 90% volume of all daily storms in a year  Bioretention and rain garden design is based on the WQv WQv
  • 14. Kansas City Water Quality Storm Young and McEnroe (http://kcmetro.apwa.net) Daily Precipitation (in) 2. 7 2. 5 2. 3 1. 9 2. 1 1. 5 1. 7 1. 1 1. 3 0. 5 0. 7 0. 9 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0. 1 0. 3 Water Quality Storm = 1.37 in # of days > or= 2003 Kansas City Precip events
  • 15. Why Use the WQv to size BMP?  Retain runoff long enough to get water quality benefits    Infiltrate Maintain vegetation Reducing erosive flows from smaller runoff events  Less applicable
  • 16. Water Quality Volume Calculation  Two methods  Short-Cut Method • •  Sites < 10 acres Only 1 predominant cover type Small Storm Hydrology Method • Larger or more heterogeneous drainage areas
  • 17. WQv Calculation  Short-Cut Method WQv = P*Rv    P = 24 hour Water Quality Storm (inches) Rv = Volumetric run coefficient = 0.05+0.009(I) I = % site Imperviousness = 100% Rv = 0.95 WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in
  • 18. WQv Calculation  Water Quality Volume  WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in  Driveway Example 20 ft x 30 ft = 600 ft2 1.3 in / 12 x 600 ft2 = 65 ft3 (486 gal) 65 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 0.65 ft  Residential Street Example (28 ft / 2) x 100 ft = 1400 ft2 1.3 in / 12 x 1400 ft2 = 152 ft3 (1135 gal) 152 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 1.52 ft
  • 19. WQv Calculation  Water Quality Volume  WQv = 1.37 in * 0.95 = 1.3 in Typical Home Roof Area = 2,100 ft2 (varies) 1.3 in / 12 x 2,100 ft2 = 227.5 ft3 (1,702 gal) Assume 4 downspouts with equal area 228 ft3 / 4 = 57 ft3 (426 gal) 57 ft3 = 10 ft x 10 ft x 0.57 ft
  • 20. Typical Lot – BMPs in ROW  Insert Lot Layout Figure 970 971 970 972 973 969
  • 21. Typical Lot – BMPs in Private 970 971 970 972 973 969
  • 24. What is bioretention?   A BMP that utilizes natural chemical, biological, and physical properties of plants, microbes, and soils to filter, treat, and infiltrate stormwater runoff. Bioretention differs from a rain garden in that is has an engineered underdrain system.
  • 25. Bioretention Plan view Pretreatment sheet flow Underdrain Bioretention soil mix High flow inlet Vegetation Outflow Overflow Weir
  • 26. Bioretention  Designed to filter WQv in 1-3 days High Flow Inlet (slanted grate in side slope preferred) Underdrain Cleanout Pollu ted R unof f 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft 45° Wye Fitting 4’’ Min. HDPE Underdrain (min. slope 0.5%) Ponding Depth 6” Typical Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone Overflow Weir Elevation
  • 27. Bioretention 10’ Min. Grass Filter Strip 10-15’ Min. (recommended) Curb Cut 24” Rock Diaphragm 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) 12” 2.5’ Min. Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 12” 11” 12” Wide Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone 4” Min. HDPE Perforated Underdrain Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone
  • 28. Bioretention Pretreatment   Sheet flow entering the site is best Concentrated flow requires energy dissipaters    Decrease velocity Particle settling Options    Baffle boxes Surge stone Filter Strips Topeka KS
  • 29. Vegetative Pretreatment  Sheet flow: Vegetated filter strip  Concentrated flow: Vegetated channel Filter Strip Leawood KS Channel Olathe KS
  • 30. Pretreatment - Vegetated filter strip    Acts as a pre-filter Reduces flow velocity Can be planted with native grass or turf Kansas City MO
  • 31. Pretreatment - Vegetated Channel   Same benefits as filter strip Can be planted with native grass or turf
  • 32. Bioretention Ponding Area    Temporary storage as water filters through soil mixture Minimize depth required to hold WQv Maximize surface area for infiltration Lenexa KS
  • 33. Bioretention Vegetation   Water volume reduction through transpiration and increased infiltration through root pathways Pollutant and nutrient removal through plant uptake Broadleaf Arrowhead, Sagittaria latifolia Robert H. Mohlenbrock @ USDANRCS PLANTS Database Lenexa KS
  • 34. Bioretention Vegetation Types     Should be tolerant to both extended wet and dry periods Aesthetics are important Approximately 6 species Native grasses and other ground cover
  • 35. Bioretention Soil Mixture High Flow Inlet (slanted grate in side slope preferred) Underdrain Cleanout Pollu ted R unof f 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft 45° Wye Fitting 4’’ Min. HDPE Underdrain (min. slope 0.5%) Ponding Depth 6” Typical Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone Overflow Weir Elevation
  • 36. Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM)       Appendix A contains specifications for BSM Must have permeability greater than 1 ft/day A mix of compost, planting soil, and sand Free of stones, stumps, roots Free of brush or seeds from noxious weeds Organic mulch layer to cover the BSM   Prevents erosion of BSM, retains moisture, aids biological growth and decomposition, and filters pollutants Pine mulch, wood chips, or grass clippings should NOT be used
  • 37. Bioretention Underdrain High Flow Inlet (slanted grate in side slope preferred) Underdrain Cleanout Pollu ted R unof f 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft 45° Wye Fitting 4’’ Min. HDPE Underdrain (min. slope 0.5%) Ponding Depth 6” Typical Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone Overflow Weir Elevation
  • 38. Bioretention 10’ Min. Grass Filter Strip 10-15’ Min. (recommended) Curb Cut 24” Rock Diaphragm 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) 12” 2.5’ Min. Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 12” 11” 12” Wide Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone 4” Min. HDPE Perforated Underdrain Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone
  • 39. Bioretention Underdrain  Increases the soils ability to drain  Soil remains in an aerobic state  Increases number of appropriate plant species  Surround with an aggregate followed by a sand layer  Clean out drain
  • 42. Bioretention Outlet  Attach to underdrain and possibly high flow drain  Connect to conventional storm water system or create a non-erosive outfall using energy dissipation structures
  • 43. Bioretention High Flow Structures High Flow Inlet (slanted grate in side slope preferred) Underdrain Cleanout Pollu ted R unof f 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft 45° Wye Fitting 4’’ Min. HDPE Underdrain (min. slope 0.5%) Ponding Depth 6” Typical Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone Overflow Weir Elevation
  • 44. Bioretention High Flow Structures     A bigger concern in commercial areas  Parking lot runoff Design to allow 1% event to pass through or around facility  10% storm passes through high flow inlet  1% storm passes through overflow weir Minimize ponding of water above WQv Options  Yard drain catch basin  Stabilized channel  Weir
  • 47. Bioretention Siting Considerations      Off-line, outside of stream corridor Tributary area must be stabilized against erosion Not on fill sites or steep slopes (unless enhanced) Minimum 20’ setback from maximum water surface to surrounding structures Use fences and landscaping to impede access as needed to protect public safety
  • 48. Bioretention Siting Considerations       Off-line, outside of stream corridor Tributary area must be stabilized against erosion Route stormwater around BMP until plants are established Not on fill sites or steep slopes (unless enhanced) Minimum 20’ setback from maximum water surface to surrounding structures Use fences and landscaping to impede access as needed to protect public safety
  • 49. Bioretention Installation Considerations  Rototill bottom of excavation area to at least 6 inches prior to adding planting soil  Except in areas that will support the underdrains  Plant vegetation in early spring to take advantage of spring rains  Do not bring on-line until plants are established (45 days minimum from planting date)  Water plants as needed during the first year
  • 50. Bioretention Maintenance   Relatively low maintenance Biannual inspection       Erosion of pretreatment areas Spot mulching Dead or diseased vegetation removal Trash removal Check Overflow structures Inspect for wet boggy areas
  • 51. Bioretention Advantages         Minimal land area requirements Flexibility in design themes Pollutant uptake by vegetation Groundwater recharge Reduction of downstream peak runoff rate and volume to be managed Creation of wildlife habitats Recreational and aesthetic benefits Reduction in downstream water temperature
  • 52. Bioretention Disadvantages      Sediment can quickly clog a bioretention facility Not suitable in areas with high water table (1-2 feet from ground surface) Flood control features are not easily incorporated Serve only small tributary areas (< 4 acres) BSM must meet soil specifications for permeability & to support plants Lenexa KS
  • 53. Bioretention Lessons Learned     Establishing Vegetation takes time (1-3 years) Erosion of banks can be significant Consider by-pass for first 2-6 months after construction based on vegetation growth Filter strip or other pretreatment before inflow increases performance
  • 56. Rain Gardens    Small depression planted with native wetland and prairie vegetation Collect and infiltrate stormwater Can be placed in many settings    Residential yards Public areas Commercial sites 10,000 Gardens (www.rainkc.com)
  • 57. Bioretention vs. Rain Gardens Similarities  Collection and infiltration of rainwater water quality volume (WQv)  Biomass removes pollutants by filtration and uptake Kansas City MO
  • 58. Bioretention vs. Rain Gardens Differences  Size of facility     Max runoff area for a rain garden ~1 acre Excavation Bioretention soil mixture (BSM) versus on-site soils Engineered underdrain system
  • 59. Rain Gardens in Public Areas http://www.dof.virginia.gov/mgt/resources/pub-Rain-Garden-Tech-Guide_01.pdf
  • 60. Rain Gardens in Residential Yards 10,000 Rain gardens (www.rainkc.com) Maplewood, MN
  • 62. Rain Garden Soil  Existing soil may need to be augmented to increase permeability and encourage plant growth. Should be a combination of:    Loam Sand Clay UMKC Rain garden Project
  • 63. Rain Garden Vegetation   Deep rooted native perennials provide greatest stormwater capture and infiltration Species should be tolerant of drought and periodic flooding
  • 64. Rain Garden Mulch   Cover soil and surround plants with a layer of mulch to reduce erosion, retain moisture and help filter pollutants Should be shredded hardwood not pine Olathe KS
  • 65. Rain Garden Site Selection  Existing low spot in yard  Where downspouts will drain into it  Setback from building foundations by at least 10 ft 10,000 Rain gardens (www.rainkc.com)
  • 66. Rain Garden Maintenance  Water plants about every other day for the first two to three weeks   Once native plants are established, they require little or no additional watering Do not fertilize   Overgrowth results in plants falling over Fertilizer stimulates weed growth
  • 67. Rain Garden Advantages      Low cost Minimal excavation Promote infiltration near the source Lot level amenity Public education and outreach tool
  • 68. Rain Garden Disadvantages      Small contributing area (< 1 ac) Private property Performance can vary Long term implementation Require property owner maintenance
  • 70. Lecture 2: Design Example Topeka KS
  • 72. Bioretention Design Criteria  Pretreatment        Vegetated filter strip if runoff enters as sheet flow Vegetated channel if runoff is concentrated or channelized Other options available Planting soil bed and ponding area Underdrain Overflow Vegetation
  • 73. Bioretention Design Example   Design a bioretention BMP to treat a 0.5 acre parking lot. Use the Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) specifications detailed in Appendix A.
  • 74. Water Quality Storage Volume Bioretention Design Procedure Form i. ii. Tributary area to bioretention cell = 0.5 acres Calculate water quality storage volume
  • 75. Water Quality Storage Volume ii. Calculate Water Quality Storage Volume (WQv) Short-Cut Method WQv = P*Rv  P = 24 hour Water Quality Storm (inches) P = 1.37 inches (Kansas City)   Rv = Volumetric runoff coefficient = 0.05+0.009(I) I = % site imperviousness
  • 76. WQv Example Short-cut Method  Given:  A Tributary = 0.5 acres  %impervious = 99% WQv = P * Rv*Area = (1.37in)*(1ft/12in) * (0.05 + 0.009 * 99%)*0.5 ac
  • 77. Bioretention Pretreatment   For sheet flow use a vegetated filter strip For concentrated flow use a vegetated channel
  • 79. Bioretention Vegetated filter strip   Determine the maximum inflow approach length, equal to overland flow length from tributary area Use the following table to identify minimum filter strip length (Lfs) slopes <2% and >2%.  Slope not to exceed 6 percent Table 13 Pre-treatment Filter Strip Sizing Guidance Parameter Impervious Parking Residential Lawns Lots Maximum inflow approach length (feet) 35 Filter strip slope ≤ 2% ≥ 2% Filter strip minimum length (feet) 10 75 15 ≤2 % 20 75 150 ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% 25 10 12 15 18
  • 80. Bioretention Vegetated filter strip Table 13 Pre-treatment Filter Strip Sizing Guidance Parameter Impervious Parking Lots Maximum inflow approach length (feet) Filter strip slope Filter strip minimum length (feet) 35 ≤ 2% 10 Residential Lawns 75 75 ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% 15 20 25 ≤ 2% 10 150 ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% 12 15 18
  • 82. Bioretention Vegetated channel  Determine the percent imperviousness of the tributary area   This can be different than the %impervious used for the WQv calculation Use Table 14 to identify minimum length (LVC) for channels slopes <2% and >2%  Slope not to exceed 6 percent Table 14 Pretreatment Grass Channel Sizing Guidance for a 1.0-Acre Tributary Area Parameter Channel Slope Grass Channel Minimum Length (feet) ≤ 33% Impervious 34% to 66% Impervious ≥ 67% Impervious ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% 25 40 30 45 35 50
  • 83. Bioretention Vegetated channel Table 14 Pretreatment Grass Channel Sizing Guidance for a 1.0-Acre Tributary Area Parameter Channel Slope Grass Channel Minimum Length (feet) ≤ 33% Impervious 34% to 66% Impervious ≥ 67% Impervious ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% ≤ 2% ≥ 2% 25 40 30 45 35 50
  • 84. Bioretention Planting soil bed and ponding area
  • 85. Bioretention Planting Soil Bed  Set planting soil bed depth (df)    Must be between 2.5 to 4 feet Soil bed must be 4 inches deeper than the bottom of the largest root ball Test soil permeability (k)  Must be at least 1 ft/day
  • 86. Bioretention Ponding Area  Set max water ponding depth (hMAX)   Between 3 to 6 inches (hMAX = HWQ) Calculate average water ponding depth (h) h = hMAX / 2
  • 87. Bioretention Planting Soil Bed and Ponding Area Max (K) Measured Max = 0.5 / 2
  • 88. Bioretention Planting Soil Bed and Ponding Area  Select time for WQV to filter through planting soil bed (tf)   3 days is recommended Calculate required filter bed surface area (Af) Af = (WQv * 43,560 * df) / [K * tf * (havg + df)]
  • 89. Bioretention Planting Soil Bed and Ponding Area  Calculate length and width of bed  Length = (L:W Ratio * Af)0.5, L:W must be > 2  Width = (W:L Ratio * Af)0.5, W:L must be < 0.5  Ensure that length > 40 ft and width > 15 ft
  • 90. Bioretention Planting Soil Bed and Ponding Area = (0.0537*43,560*4)/[1.0*3*(0.25+4)] = (2*735)1/2 = 38 = 735/40
  • 92. Bioretention Underdrain Pollu ted Underdrain Cleanout Runo ff 3” Shredded Hardwood Mulch (free of debris) Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft 45° Wye Fitting 4’’ Min. HDPE Underdrain (min. slope 0.5%) Geotextile Fabric on top of #7 Stone Geotextile Fabric Under #57 Stone
  • 93. Bioretention Underdrain  Set underdrain diameter (Du)  At least 4 inches nPERF >= 4  Use at least 4 perforations rows around the drain pipe (nPERF)  Use perforation diameter (DPERF) of at least 0.375 inches Du = 4 inches  Use a longitudinal spacing between perforations (SPERF) of 6 inches on center  Set depth of gravel blanket around underdrain  At least 8 inches and greater or = Du + 2 inches DPERF = 0.375 inches
  • 95. Bioretention Underdrain  Ensure underdrain grade is at least 0.5 percent  Provide a clean-out for each pipe run or every 50’  Provide a valve or cap at end of underdrain   Longer retention of water for plant uptake and groundwater recharge Connect underdrain to stormwater system or suitable outfall
  • 96. Bioretention Underdrain  If planting soil bed width > 20 ft, then add transverse collector pipes   Spacing of transverse collector pipes (Su) < 10 ft Number of transverse collector pipes (npipe) = planting soil bed length / Su For example: npipe = 120 ft / 10ft = 12 transverse collector pipes 120ft 60ft 10ft
  • 98. Bioretention Overflow     Bioretention BMPs must be able to safely route or bypass runoff up to the 1% event If the 1% event is routed through, flow velocity must be kept below 3 fps to prevent erosion If a bypass is used, it must be able to route all events up to and including the 1% event Overflow can be a vegetated or stabilized channel or a yard inlet catch basin Topeka KSC UMKC Rain garden Project
  • 99. Bioretention Overflow High Flow Inlet (slanted grate in side slope preferred) 1% Storm Pollu ted R 10% Storm unof f WQv Bioretention Soil Mixture (BSM) 2.5ft – 4ft Overflow Weir Elevation
  • 100. Grading  Side slopes 4:1 or flatter for entire bioretention or rain garden area UMKC Rain Garden Project
  • 101. Bioretention Vegetation  Purpose      Removal of water by evapotranspiration Creation of infiltration pathways via root development Pollutant uptake Aesthetic value Specify    Species Amount Spacing Topeka KS
  • 102. Bioretention Vegetation  Plant a mix of Redbud and White Mulberry with 6-foot spacing between trunks and at least 6 feet from facility edges. Plant an even mix of Yellow Coneflower, little bluestem, and side-oats grama with 2-foot spacing between plants. Plant Indiangrass in and around other species to fill out facility. These species are perennial and tolerant of dry and wet conditions and sunlight. This mix provides a multi-layered canopy and aesthetic appearance from green, yellow, purple, and white flowers.
  • 103. Bioretention Maintenance        Similar to any landscaped area Inspect overflow structures Inspect, prune, remove vegetation Inspect for erosion Spot mulch Remove trash Inspect after storm events > 0.5in Topeka KS
  • 105. Rain Gardens UMKC rain garden Project
  • 109. Rain Garden Design Sites  Maximum drainage area is ~ 1 acre Garden should be at least 30% as large as impervious area  Typical sites    Residential yards Community areas 10,000 Rain Gardens (www.rainkc.com)
  • 110. Rain Garden Design Sites  Minimum of 10ft from structures  Should complement natural drainage of area Kansas City MO
  • 111. Rain Garden WQv  Same Water Quality Volume calculation as Bioretention  Use short-cut method
  • 113. Rain Garden Max Depth USDA Soil Texture Classification (Ksat) Infiltration Rate (in/hr) 24 hr Max Ponding Depth (in) 48 hr Max Ponding Depth (in) Sand 9.28 222.6 445.2 Loamy Sand 2.35 56.5 113.0 Sandy Loam 0.86 20.6 41.2 Loam 0.52 12.5 24.9 Silt Loam 0.27 6.4 12.9 Sandy Clay Loam 0.12 2.8 5.7 Clay Loam 0.08 1.9 3.8 Silty Clay Loam 0.08 1.9 3.8 Sandy Clay 0.05 1.1 2.3 Silty Clay 0.04 0.9 1.9 Clay 0.02 0.6 1.1
  • 114. Clayey Soil Infiltration Rates Three dimensional plot of infiltration rates for clayey soil conditions. (Pitt, et. al, 2002)
  • 115. Sandy Soil Infiltration Rates Three dimensional plot of infiltration rates for sandy soil conditions. (Pitt, et. al, 2002)
  • 116. Building a Rain Garden Volume  Ponding depth of WQv is dependent on the soils (Typically 4-6 inches)  Ponded water should be infiltrated within 24-48 hrs  A slightly deeper area can be incorporated to hold water longer  Side slopes should be flatter than or equal to 4:1
  • 117. Rain Garden Soil  Amend clay soils with organic material to improve drainage    Loam, peat, compost Sand Add a 3 inch layer of untreated, shredded hardwood mulch
  • 120. Rain Garden Vegetation  Other resources  Appendix A in BMP manual  10,000 Rain Gardens • www.rainkc.com
  • 121. Rain Garden Maintenance  Biannually    Inspect for erosion Mulch Annually    Year 1 Inspect spillway Prune, remove, inspect vegetation Year 5 Similar to Bioretention St. Stephens School, Alexandria Virginia
  • 124. Activity Design a bioretention area to capture the WQv from a 2 acre tributary area with 85 % imperviousness. Stormwater enters the facility as sheetflow off impervious surfaces with a maximum inflow length of 75 feet. Use the BSM specified in Appendix A to determine the dimensions of the bioretention area.
  • 126. Lecture 3: Follow up, Lesson’s Learned, Review Criteria Kansas City MO
  • 127. Follow up, Review Criteria, Maintenance, Plants  Phases of BMP development      Key points of emphasis for each party     Preliminary Plan Final Plan Construction Operation and Maintenance Designer Reviewer Stakeholder Maintenance
  • 128. Designer Review Team Planning Phase – Environmental Site Assessment – Select Post Construction BMPs – Flood Control Study – Establish Long-term Maintenance Agreements Plat Approval Planning Engineering Parks & Recreation Environmental Specialists Attorney Design Phase – Erosion and sedimentation controls – Post-construction BMPs – Flood control improvements Building Permit Review Team Planning Engineering Code Compliance Inspectors Review Team Planning Engineering Parks & Recreation Environmental Specialists Operations & Maintenance Construction Phase – Inspect and maintain BMPs for construction activities – Construct Post Construction BMPs – Maintain agreements for post-construction BMPs Occupancy Permit
  • 129. General Maintenance     Event Inspection (> 0.5 inches)  Inspect facility operation, especially outlet structure  Remove trash & debris  Document potential problems Monthly Inspection  Inspect & repair erosion  Water plant material during dry periods (1st Year)  Perform routine plant maintenance (pruning, weeding, etc.) Semi-Annual Inspection  Remove and replace dead or diseased vegetation  Re-landscape/re-mulch any area areas Annual Inspection  Inspect inlet & outlet structure condition  Record assessment of planted species & evidence of invasive plant species  Perform comprehensive safety inspection
  • 130. Other Maintenance Consideration      Maintenance access - 15 feet wide strip around the perimeter of the site May need to harvest excess plants Erosion issues Sedimentation Remove trash/floatables Olathe KS
  • 131. Vegetation   Use plants listed in the BMP Manual Appendix A “Recommended Plant Materials for BMPs” Narrow down from this list by:    Native/Non-Native Treatment only, habitat creation / biodiversity, aesthetics? Evaluating site conditions - soil quality, climate, wetness, pollution • Hardier plants would work better in areas with poorer site conditions
  • 132. Vegetation  Narrow down from this list by (cont):  Speaking with local nursery or botanists • • •  What plants are available for purchase? Which plants have the best survivability? Which plants would be best candidates for wet areas, variable moisture, poor soils, etc.? Visit at natural wetland in the area • What plants are naturally favored in local area? • Are there specific invasive species that need to be managed?  Check municipal codes to ensure all plant materials are approved for the area
  • 133. Native versus Non-native Plants  Native plants are recommended      Adapted to environmentgrowing season corresponds to wet season Dense, deep root system Increase infiltration More drought tolerant Disease resistant
  • 134. Vegetation Resources http://plants.usda.gov     Appendix A in the MARC BMP manual Local nurseries www.kansasnativeplantsociety.org www.grownative.org
  • 135. Upcoming Training Sessions  Module #4 – Extended Dry Detention & Infiltration (Pervious Pavements)   Date: February 20, 2009 Location: Helzberg Auditorium, KCPL

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Green to gray?
  2. Best Management Practices (BMPs) is a familiar term we use when talking about water quality, NPDES Phase II permits, and education to the public. We all have are own understanding of the term and use it maybe more than we should and too often forget the true meaning and intent of the acronym. The action word in the acronym is PRACTICE. Practice if you go to a dictionary is defined as to carry out, apply, or to do or perform often. Therefore what should w carry out regularly (often) to improvement water quality in our region? This and other BMP manuals often focus on the actions that are BEST not the ones that should be perform regularly. Therefore this primer is a discussion on what we should do regularly to improve water quality. Other items in this manual will focus on specific structural practices that can be implement for a specific site. This section will focus on regular practices that should be consider as key part in a stormwater management program to improve water quality.
  3. Add pic of wqv
  4. Better Pictures
  5. Change picture
  6. Need picture with native species
  7. Need picture with native species
  8. Plant pics
  9. Plant pics
  10. Added first bullet
  11. Picture
  12. Picture
  13. Changed permanent to temporary
  14. Changed permanent to temporary
  15. Changed title removed “Provide a valve or cap at end of underdrain Longer retention of water for plant uptake and groundwater recharge” put in underdrain section
  16. New pictures or better copies of these
  17. Added statement on when to use filter strip and channel
  18. The value should be 0.053. the equation used what 1.4/12*.99*.5?
  19. Can you just scale this up for larger tributaries?
  20. Can you just scale this up for larger tributaries?
  21. Added hmax=HWQ
  22. picture Added “around the drain pipe”
  23. picture
  24. Picture
  25. picture