Evolution of population
policy And National
population policy
By
Sivaranjani S

Pro natalist policies
It means to increase the overall population growth rate .These policy might be
have a tax incentives for bigger families taxes for couple without children or the
allowance of more immigrants .
This type of policy adopted by the country which are affected by the low birth
rate or a decrease in population

Anti – natalist policies
 These policy aims to reducing the overall population growth rate by
discouraging families having a children. By imposing tax promoting
sterilization and restricting immigration .
 Example A Chinese communist party “ One child policy that was
implemented from ( 1979- 2015)

POPULATION POLICY IN INDIA
 Pre Independence period
The British did not consider the population growth to be a problem
prior to independence as a result period is known as a period of indifference
and P.K.WATTAL was the first advocate for birth control in India was
publishing a book on the subject .

The period of Neutrality (1947-1951)
 The period following independence and before the beginning of the planning
era was one of the neutrality . The government of India was busy with the
post independence problems like rehabilitation of the people
 How ever at one of the meeting of the planning commission in
1949,Jawaharlal Nehru laid emphasis on the need for family planning in India
 So there were no policy on population stabilisation

Evolution of population policy
 Radha kamal Mukherjee Committee (1940)
 Bhore Committee(1943)
 India became one of the first developing countries to come up with a state –
sponsored family Planning programme in the 1950
 In 1952 a population policy committee was established
 In 1956 a central family board focus on sterilisation

1. In 1976 , GoI announced the national population policy some of the measures to check the
population growth such as
• Increase the minimum legal marriageable age for boys and girls to 21 and 18 years
• Providing monetary incentives for employing birth control
• Increasing women literacy rate
• Using the different forms of media to popularise family welfarae programme
• Introducing population education system
1. IN 1977 the planning programme renamed as a family welfare programme
2. The national Health policy was adopted in 1983 which emphasised “ securing the family
norm through voluntary effort and moving towards the goal of stabilisation
3. A committee on population was appointed in 1991 which submitted its report in 1993
4. Accordingly ,an expert Group headed by Dr.SWAMINATHAN was set up to create the draft
national population policy
5.The National Population Policy finally came into force in 2000

National population policy
The nation population policy which was announced on February 15, 2000 provided a policy
frame work for advancing goas and priorities to various strategies in order to meet India reproductive
and child health needs and achieve TFR by 2010 .
The policy main goal was to address a variety of issues relate to mental health ,child survival and
contraception as well as to make reproductive health care more accessible and affordable to everyone .

Objectives
 Mid – Term objective ( by 2010 the total TFR reduced by 2.1 )
 Temporary objective ( birth control )
 Long term objective ( population stabilisation by 2045

Limitations of NPP 2000,
₤ Failed to attain targets
₤ Narrow perspective
₤ Gender bias
₤ Limited role of other stake holders
₤ Negative perception
₤ Limited resources
Gender bias
vasectomy
Male
contraception
tubectomy
Female
contraception

0-14 , 30%
15-59, 8%
60+, 62%
Total population as a age distribution
0-14 15-59 60+

Five year plans
 first five year plan - In 1952 , India became the first country in the world to
implement a population control programme
 second five year plan – done a education and research with a focus on the
clinical approach .
 Third five year plan - The sterilisation technique for both men and women
and family planning department was established .
 fourth five year plan - All form of birth were encouraged ( tradition and
modern)
 fifth five year plan - The Sharda act of 1929 ( minimum age for marriage )
 sixth five year plan to eighth five year plan it determine by the long term goals

 Ninth five year plan - 1993 the government established the expert group
to formulate national policy under the chairman ship of M.S,Swaminathan
 And in February 2000 , the central government released the new national
policy