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Presented by:
Ms. Elizabeth M.Sc (N)
Asst. Professor,
Dept of MSN
NNC, GNSU.
Lung
Cancer
Lung carcinoma, is a
malignant lung tumor
characterized by uncontrolled
cell growth in tissues of the
lung. If left untreated, this
growth can spread beyond the
lung by the process of metastasis
into nearby tissue or other parts
of the body
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
Symptoms
 A cough that gets worse
 sputum
Chest pain that is often worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing
 Hemoptysis
 Hoarseness
 Weight loss and loss of appetite
 Shortness of breath
 Fatigue
 Infections
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
Sr.
No
STAGE FEACTURES
M
categ-
ories
for
lung
cance
r
M0:
No spread to distant organs or areas. This
includes the other lung, lymph nodes
away than those mentioned in the N stages
above, and other organs
M1a: The cancer has spread to the other lung.
•Cancer cells are found in the fluid around
the lung
M1b The cancer has spread to distant lymph
nodes or to other organs
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
Carcinoma
Malignant transform from normal epithelium
Eventually malignant cell
Cellular changes passed to the daughter cell
Carcinogen bind to damaged cell DNA
Damage to the cell
Due to etiological factors
Diagnosis
• Medical history and physical exam
• Blood tests:-
• ▫ A complete blood count (CBC)
• ▫ Blood chemistry tests , LFT, KFT
• high level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
• Chest x-ray
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• CT-guided needle biopsy
• FNA
LASER THERAPY
• used to treat very small tumors in the linings of airways.
• open up airways blocked by larger tumors to help people
breathe better.
CHEMOTHERAPY
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
Surgical management
• Lobectomy - the entire lobe containing the tumor is removed.
• Segmentectomy or wedge resection- only part of a lobe is
removed. This approach might be used, for example, if a person
doesn’t have enough lung function to withstand removing the whole
lobe.
• Pneumonectomy- This surgery removes an entire lung. This might be
needed if the tumor is close to the center of the chest.
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students
VATS
• It requires smaller incisions than a thoracotomy.
• a thin, rigid tube with a tiny video camera on the end is
placed through a small cut in the side of the chest to help the
surgeon see inside the chest on a monitor.
• less pain after the surgery and a shorter hospital stay – typically
4 to 5 days.
RFA
• high-energy radio waves to heat the tumor. A thin, needle-like probe
is put through the skin and moved in until the tip is in the tumor.
• guided by CT scans.
• heats the tumor and destroys the cancer cells.
• complications partial collapse of a lung or bleeding
Radio
Frequency
Ablation
Nursing Assessment
• Monitor Sign of respiratory failure
• Administer chemotherapy and other desired medications
• Educate patient with their disease and its progression
• Respiratory assessment
• Lab investigations and other diagnostic tests
• Patient’s anxiety level and support system,
Pain related to the pressure of the tumor
Ineffective airway clearance related to increased secretion
Ineffective breathing pattern related to decreased lung capacity
Altered nutrition less then body requirement related increased metabolic demand and decreased
food intake
Anxiety related to lack of knowledge
Palliative, or supportive care, is aimed at relieving symptoms and improving
a person’s quality of life.
ISSUES ARE ADDRESSED IN PALLIATIVECARE:-
 Physical.
 Emotional and coping.
 Spiritual.
Health
education
3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students

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3. Lung Cancer -for nursing students

  • 1. Presented by: Ms. Elizabeth M.Sc (N) Asst. Professor, Dept of MSN NNC, GNSU. Lung Cancer
  • 2. Lung carcinoma, is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body
  • 5. Symptoms  A cough that gets worse  sputum Chest pain that is often worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing  Hemoptysis  Hoarseness  Weight loss and loss of appetite  Shortness of breath  Fatigue  Infections
  • 8. Sr. No STAGE FEACTURES M categ- ories for lung cance r M0: No spread to distant organs or areas. This includes the other lung, lymph nodes away than those mentioned in the N stages above, and other organs M1a: The cancer has spread to the other lung. •Cancer cells are found in the fluid around the lung M1b The cancer has spread to distant lymph nodes or to other organs
  • 10. Carcinoma Malignant transform from normal epithelium Eventually malignant cell Cellular changes passed to the daughter cell Carcinogen bind to damaged cell DNA Damage to the cell Due to etiological factors
  • 11. Diagnosis • Medical history and physical exam • Blood tests:- • ▫ A complete blood count (CBC) • ▫ Blood chemistry tests , LFT, KFT • high level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). • Chest x-ray • Computed tomography (CT) scan • CT-guided needle biopsy • FNA
  • 12. LASER THERAPY • used to treat very small tumors in the linings of airways. • open up airways blocked by larger tumors to help people breathe better.
  • 15. Surgical management • Lobectomy - the entire lobe containing the tumor is removed. • Segmentectomy or wedge resection- only part of a lobe is removed. This approach might be used, for example, if a person doesn’t have enough lung function to withstand removing the whole lobe. • Pneumonectomy- This surgery removes an entire lung. This might be needed if the tumor is close to the center of the chest.
  • 17. VATS • It requires smaller incisions than a thoracotomy. • a thin, rigid tube with a tiny video camera on the end is placed through a small cut in the side of the chest to help the surgeon see inside the chest on a monitor. • less pain after the surgery and a shorter hospital stay – typically 4 to 5 days.
  • 18. RFA • high-energy radio waves to heat the tumor. A thin, needle-like probe is put through the skin and moved in until the tip is in the tumor. • guided by CT scans. • heats the tumor and destroys the cancer cells. • complications partial collapse of a lung or bleeding
  • 20. Nursing Assessment • Monitor Sign of respiratory failure • Administer chemotherapy and other desired medications • Educate patient with their disease and its progression • Respiratory assessment • Lab investigations and other diagnostic tests • Patient’s anxiety level and support system,
  • 21. Pain related to the pressure of the tumor Ineffective airway clearance related to increased secretion Ineffective breathing pattern related to decreased lung capacity Altered nutrition less then body requirement related increased metabolic demand and decreased food intake Anxiety related to lack of knowledge
  • 22. Palliative, or supportive care, is aimed at relieving symptoms and improving a person’s quality of life. ISSUES ARE ADDRESSED IN PALLIATIVECARE:-  Physical.  Emotional and coping.  Spiritual.