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Nordic Centre for Internet & Society
A short intro into our work
Christian Fieseler and Christoph Lutz
Oslo, October 25th 2016
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 2
There are many stories about digital change
• Statistic One: Uber is replacing X
The Stories that we tell about the Digital Economy
From Uber, to Airbnb, to facebook to google, we are fascinated by digital change and
their figureheads – often not deliberating fully the context of these developments.
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 3
More than business models; social and cultural shifts
Digital is more than another medium, in some ways it fundamentally changes how we
behave and how we interact with each other.
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 4
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 5
Our Research Agenda -
Looking at work and organizing in the digital environment from three interrelated perspectives:
Labor Specialization
(Economies of Scope)
• Technical Creativity
• Complementarity
• Resilience
• Leading Digitally
• Crowdsourcing
• Sharing
• Youth & Media
• Crowd-Co-Working
• Fairness
• Diversity
• Participation
• Social Partnership
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 6
…our team consists currently of eight scholars (and growing)
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 7
Currently, we are researching the following areas
Working in Virtual
Teams
The Effects of Self-
Quantification
Distinction and
Social Status
Markers
The Sharing
Economy
Finding
Meaningfulness in
Digital Labor
My Colleague the
Robot - Human-
Machine Interaction
Fair Digital Labor
Designing Civility
into Online
Interactions
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 8
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 9
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 10
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 11
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Political
Business
Health
Education
Culture
Online Participation Research
Increasing Interest
Lutz, Hoffmann, & Meckel (2014)
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 12
Online Participation Research
(At least) Three Biases in the Literature
1. Political Bias
Online participation research focuses heavily on political participation.
2. Positivity Bias
Online participation research is positive and optimistic.
3. Activity Bias
Online participation implies an active user.
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 13
A Typology of Online (Non-)Participation
Involvement
High: Participation Low: Non-Participation
Agency
Valence
Active Passive Active Passive
Positive
Positive active
participation
Intentional
constructive
engagement
Positive passive
participation
Unintentional
constructive
engagement
Positive active
non-participation
Abstention as agency
Positive passive
non-participation
Lack of necessity or
advantage
Negative
Negative active
participation
Intentional
destructive
engagement
Negative passive
participation
Involuntary
undesired
engagement
Negative active
non-participation
Silencing, self-
censoring
Negative passive
non-participation
Exclusion
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 14
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 15
More and more items of everyday life are shared
through a fast growing number of internet platforms
15
SPORTS
GEAR
CARS
APARTMENTS
GARDENS
AND TOOLS
HOUSEHOLD
ITEMS
ELECTORNICS
AND MEDIA
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 16
Online Sharing Platforms
…owe their success not just to a shift in social technology,
but also to a shift in attitudes.
16
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 17
Ps2Share
Participation, Privacy and Power in the Sharing Economy
• Investigating the sharing economy from a
critical perspective.
• Participation: Who is profiting from the
sharing economy? Who is left out and why?
• Privacy: What is the role of privacy concerns
and trust when individuals share personal
goods with a lot of value to them?
• Power: Who defines the rules of the game?
What role do algorithms, rankings and biases
play in this context?
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 18
Privacy in the Sharing Economy
Examples
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 19
Privacy in the Sharing Economy
Qualitative Interviews about Airbnb
In Sri Lanka we stayed at huge house of a lawyer and we had a
whole floor for six people. In the beginning, he [the host] explained
everything to us and then he became almost obtrusive and always
wanted to talk with us and spend time with us. He came to our floor
and just didn‘t want to leave anymore. And we just wanted to be
left alone after the long journey. He was very strange and kept
telling us how well he lives, that he is a lawyer, what connections he
has and that he renovated the house. This was very inconvenient for
us. (S.J., male, married)
In Hamburg we had found handcuffs and such things next to the
bed. I would have put that away if I had been the host but I guess
each to their own. The stay wasn‘t worse because of that. It was
never noisy or dirty. (C.S., 28 years old, female)
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 20
Privacy in the Sharing Economy
Quantitative Survey about Airbnb – Simplified Model
Trusting
Beliefs
Sharing
Frequency
Monetary
Benefits
Social-
Hedonic
Benefits
Online
Privacy
Concerns
+
n.s.
-
Physical
Privacy
Concerns
1st Advisory
Board Meeting
Page 21
thank you for
your time
Norwegian Business School (BI)
Nordic Center for Internet & Society
Nydalsvn. 37 / N-0442 Oslo
bi.edu/cis @BI_NCIS

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Nordic Centre for Internet & Society - An Introduction

  • 1. Nordic Centre for Internet & Society A short intro into our work Christian Fieseler and Christoph Lutz Oslo, October 25th 2016
  • 2. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 2 There are many stories about digital change • Statistic One: Uber is replacing X The Stories that we tell about the Digital Economy From Uber, to Airbnb, to facebook to google, we are fascinated by digital change and their figureheads – often not deliberating fully the context of these developments.
  • 3. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 3 More than business models; social and cultural shifts Digital is more than another medium, in some ways it fundamentally changes how we behave and how we interact with each other.
  • 5. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 5 Our Research Agenda - Looking at work and organizing in the digital environment from three interrelated perspectives: Labor Specialization (Economies of Scope) • Technical Creativity • Complementarity • Resilience • Leading Digitally • Crowdsourcing • Sharing • Youth & Media • Crowd-Co-Working • Fairness • Diversity • Participation • Social Partnership
  • 6. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 6 …our team consists currently of eight scholars (and growing)
  • 7. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 7 Currently, we are researching the following areas Working in Virtual Teams The Effects of Self- Quantification Distinction and Social Status Markers The Sharing Economy Finding Meaningfulness in Digital Labor My Colleague the Robot - Human- Machine Interaction Fair Digital Labor Designing Civility into Online Interactions
  • 11. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 11 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Political Business Health Education Culture Online Participation Research Increasing Interest Lutz, Hoffmann, & Meckel (2014)
  • 12. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 12 Online Participation Research (At least) Three Biases in the Literature 1. Political Bias Online participation research focuses heavily on political participation. 2. Positivity Bias Online participation research is positive and optimistic. 3. Activity Bias Online participation implies an active user.
  • 13. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 13 A Typology of Online (Non-)Participation Involvement High: Participation Low: Non-Participation Agency Valence Active Passive Active Passive Positive Positive active participation Intentional constructive engagement Positive passive participation Unintentional constructive engagement Positive active non-participation Abstention as agency Positive passive non-participation Lack of necessity or advantage Negative Negative active participation Intentional destructive engagement Negative passive participation Involuntary undesired engagement Negative active non-participation Silencing, self- censoring Negative passive non-participation Exclusion
  • 15. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 15 More and more items of everyday life are shared through a fast growing number of internet platforms 15 SPORTS GEAR CARS APARTMENTS GARDENS AND TOOLS HOUSEHOLD ITEMS ELECTORNICS AND MEDIA
  • 16. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 16 Online Sharing Platforms …owe their success not just to a shift in social technology, but also to a shift in attitudes. 16
  • 17. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 17 Ps2Share Participation, Privacy and Power in the Sharing Economy • Investigating the sharing economy from a critical perspective. • Participation: Who is profiting from the sharing economy? Who is left out and why? • Privacy: What is the role of privacy concerns and trust when individuals share personal goods with a lot of value to them? • Power: Who defines the rules of the game? What role do algorithms, rankings and biases play in this context?
  • 18. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 18 Privacy in the Sharing Economy Examples
  • 19. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 19 Privacy in the Sharing Economy Qualitative Interviews about Airbnb In Sri Lanka we stayed at huge house of a lawyer and we had a whole floor for six people. In the beginning, he [the host] explained everything to us and then he became almost obtrusive and always wanted to talk with us and spend time with us. He came to our floor and just didn‘t want to leave anymore. And we just wanted to be left alone after the long journey. He was very strange and kept telling us how well he lives, that he is a lawyer, what connections he has and that he renovated the house. This was very inconvenient for us. (S.J., male, married) In Hamburg we had found handcuffs and such things next to the bed. I would have put that away if I had been the host but I guess each to their own. The stay wasn‘t worse because of that. It was never noisy or dirty. (C.S., 28 years old, female)
  • 20. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 20 Privacy in the Sharing Economy Quantitative Survey about Airbnb – Simplified Model Trusting Beliefs Sharing Frequency Monetary Benefits Social- Hedonic Benefits Online Privacy Concerns + n.s. - Physical Privacy Concerns
  • 21. 1st Advisory Board Meeting Page 21 thank you for your time Norwegian Business School (BI) Nordic Center for Internet & Society Nydalsvn. 37 / N-0442 Oslo bi.edu/cis @BI_NCIS