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Sesión 1
Finanzas para Emprendedores

Marzo 2010
SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES PARA INVERSORES Y EMPRENDEDORES
Okuri Ventures ayuda a convertir las ideas innovadoras en negocios de éxito

                                        CONSULTORÍA
                                        CAPITALIZADA
                                  Implantación de modelos de
                                   negocio y en la gestión de
                                          iniciativas


       ASESORÍA DE NEGOCIO                                          FORMACIÓN

     Definición y valoración de                                 Desarrollo profesional y
       ideas para la toma de                                      personal mediante la
      decisiones de inversión                                   formación y orientación


                                  INCUBADORA Y SERVICIOS
                                        SOPORTE
                                  Lanzamiento de iniciativas
                                   mediante la provisión de
                                     los recursos básicos


                                                                                 28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES

 OBJETIVO                                     SESIÓN 1
                                              • Conceptos
 Introducir a estudiantes de pérfil técnico   • Principios
 los conceptos financieros clave a la hora    • Ecuaciones
 de emprender
                                              • Inversores; Objetivos y restricciones, etapas, “Capital riesgo” y
                                                  Palancas de Valor
 RESULTADO                                    • Conclusiones para el emprendedor
 •Comprensión de los indicadores
 financieros clave
 •Capacidad para parametrizar los             SESIÓN 2
 modelos facilitados de cara a valorar una    • Business Plan
 startup y presentar las proyecciones         • Precio
 finnacieras a inversores                     • Modelo de Negocio
                                              • Otras herramientas
 DURACIÓN
 2 sesiones 4h




                                                                                                        28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 1


 1.   Conceptos

 2.   Principios

 3.   Ecuaciones

 4.   Inversores

 5.   Conclusiones para el emprendedor

 6.   Overview Finance 102




                                         28/04/2010
1. CONCEPTOS

  Euros, Cuentas y Cuentos
      Ingreso (devengo vs. cobro)
      Gasto (devengo vs. pago, fijo vs. variable, inversión/coste hundido vs.
      recurrente)
      Margen (EBIT vs EBITDA, bruto vs neto, contable vs tesorería)


                                                                       Impacto pago a
                                                                       90 días: Caso
                                                                       Agoranews



  Balance y Cuenta de resultados (Activo vs Pasivo, deudor vs acreedor, real vs
  contable, y ratios de rentabilidad)

                  R          R=p*q, ABC…                          E
                                                            A
                  E           CC, /Producto (analítica)…          L
                                                                                  28/04/2010
2. PRINCIPIOS

                       Efecto interés compuesto
 Time value of money   “Más vale pajaro en mano
                       que ciento volando”




                       Riesgo mercado vs. empresa
  Diversification
                       “No pongas todos los huevos en la
                       misma cesta”



                       Correlación riesgo y retorno
  Price of risk
                       “Nadie vende duros a cuatro
  (Sharpe ratio)       pesetas”


                                             28/04/2010
3. ECUACIONES

    CAPM: r% = α + βp = Rf +β*MRP)
    WACC= Ke * (E / (D+E)) + Kd (D / (D+E))
    FCF = Net income + depreciation – changes in working capital – Capital expenditures

                Reporting                             Valuation
          Sales
          -COGS
          -Overhead
          -Depreciation
          =EBIT (NOP)                            EBIT
          -Interest expenses                     -Cash taxtes on EBIT
          -Taxes                                 =NOPLAT
          =Net Income
                                                 +Depreciation
                                                 -Changes in WCR
                                                 -Capex
                                                 =FCF
                                                                               28/04/2010
4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – ¿OTP?


                               SICAVs                                Family offices
                                               Insurance &
                  Brokers                        Pension
                                                  Funds
                                                                         Endowments




                               ¿?
     Private
     Banking
                                                     Hedge Funds

                                                                         Grants and
    Angel Funds                                                           Subsidies
                                                     CVC

                    Funds of                                         Comercial
                     Funds              Investment                     Banks
                                          Banking
                                                             Sovereign
                                                               Funds
                                                                                      28/04/2010
4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Etapas




                                       28/04/2010
4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – “Capital Riesgo”


                           Target yearly   Holding period   Investment    Entry/exit
                              return          (years)        death rate   multiplier


    PE                           25%+         3-5           <20%          x3,5

   VC                        25%+             3-5           >60%          x10+

   BA                        15%+             4-7           >80%          x20+
   Fuente: Cifras orientativas




                                                                          28/04/2010
5. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Palancas de valor

                                   Retorno al Accionista



                  PE

     Multiplicador
     Inversión




                 VC


   Fuente: Cifras orientativas


                                                           28/04/2010
5. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Entendiendo el Venture Capital




         http://www.bothsidesofthetable.com/understanding-vcs/



                                                                 28/04/2010
6. CONCLUSIONES PARA EL EMPRENDEDOR




                          1 / (1-n)
Fuente: http://www.paulgraham.com/equity.html


                                                28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES

 OBJETIVO                                     SESIÓN 1
                                              • Conceptos
 Introducir a estudiantes de pérfil técnico   • Principios
 los conceptos financieros clave a la hora    • Ecuaciones
 de emprender
                                              • Inversores; Objetivos y restricciones, etapas, “Capital riesgo” y
                                                  Palancas de Valor
 RESULTADO                                    • Conclusiones para el emprendedor
 •Comprensión de los indicadores
 financieros clave
 •Capacidad para parametrizar los             SESIÓN 2
 modelos facilitados de cara a valorar una    • Business Plan
 startup y presentar las proyecciones         • Precio
 finnacieras a inversores                     • Modelo de Negocio
                                              • Otras herramientas
 DURACIÓN
 2 sesiones 4h




                                                                                                        28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2


 1. The Business Plan

 2. The Price

 3. The Business Model

 4. Other Tools




                                         28/04/2010
My time is valuable… how much
m


will I spend looking at your BP




                            4/28/2010
What investors
are looking for

…and so should
YOU

4/28/2010
Your
Company
             Your
             Investor




             Your
             Numbers
 4/28/2010
WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: COMPANY
                                   Opportunity description
  WHO ARE YOU                      Business Model
                                   Need Satisfied

                                   Products / Services
  WHAT DO YOU DO                   Market Objective
                                   Competitors

  HOW DO YOU                       Sales & Marketing Strategy
  ACHIVE IT                        Current and Funnel Clients


  OPPORTUNITY FOR                  Investment Allocation
  THE INVESTOR                     Exit Strategy

                                                             4/28/2010
WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: INVESTOR
   Business Sector (Tags)
   Contact Information
   Executive Team
   Financial Information            RELEVANT
    ― Investment Stage


    ― Current Capital
                                    INFORMATION
    ― Monthly Burn Rate
                                    FOR THE
    ― Pre-Money Valuation           INVESTOR
    ― Investment Capital


   Current Investors
   Forums

                                                   4/28/2010
WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: NUMBERS


 Multiplier                      Year 1     …     Year N
                   Revenues
 CF Breakeven      EBITDA
                   Net Result
                   Assets
                   Liabilities
                   Cash




                                          Money… when
                                          and how much
                                                           4/28/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2


 1. The Business Plan

 2. The Price

 3. The Business Model

 4. Other Tools




                                         28/04/2010
PRICING METHODS - BENCHMARK

                              Useful for similar
                              products
                              Difficult to obtain data

                              Be careful
                                 What you compare
                                 Units
                                 Time
                                 Location
                              Tabulate data and
                              present in graphs or
                              simple tables
                                               28/04/2010
PRICING METHODS - MARKUP

                           Useful for established
                           products in competitive
                           atmosphere
                           Always lower limit
                           Easy to obtain data… your
                           company
                           Be careful
                              Over price
                              Cost Allocation
                              Unitary marginal,
                              variable and fixed cost

                                               28/04/2010
PRICING METHODS – VALUE ADDED

                                Useful for breakthrough
                                technologies
                                Clearly explain the gains
                                the client will have
                                Difficult to obtain data
                                Always upper limit
                                Be careful
                                   What are the needs of
                                   the client
                                   Determine the value
                                   per use

                                                    28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2


 1. The Business Plan

 2. The Price

 3. The Business Model

 4. Other Tools




                                         28/04/2010
What makes your business tick
Up and Down… almost ALLWAYS is related




                                 4/28/2010
How to determine your business drivers

                        Target: Commercials in “Gran Consumo” companies
         How
                           5.000 users first year , recurrent and growing
        How                   Go to 5 of the 100 companies in the market -> 1000

      How                1                          users/ client
                              Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?
                             I personally (or my network) know 5 decision takers in


    How                  2     those companies, initial prospection has been made
                               Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?


                         3      Size of companies -> level of control over users
                              Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?



 How                     4       Are my clients going to demand a trial phase
                              Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?


                         5      Success in conversion rate from trial to client?
                              Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?
                                                                            4/28/2010
Usefulness

                     Target: Commercials in “Gran Consumo” companies
                        5.000 users first year , recurrent and growing
                          Go to 5 of the 100 companies in the market -> 1000
 Marketing / Sales
    Strategy         1                          users/ client
                          Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?
                          I personally (or my network) know 5 decision takers in
    Scalability      2      those companies, initial prospection has been made
                            Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?


    Success of
 product / service
                     3       Size of companies -> level of control over users
                           Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?


                     4        Are my clients going to demand a trial phase
                           Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client?


                     5        Success in conversion rate from trial to client?
                          Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Usurers / Client?
                                                                         4/28/2010
Don’t be afraid…
Your own matrix …
We will help you with an standard




                                    28/04/2010
28/04/2010
FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2


 1. The Business Plan

 2. The Price

 3. The Business Model

 4. Other Tools




                                         28/04/2010
28/04/2010

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Curso Okuri Finanzas Para Emprendedores

  • 1. Sesión 1 Finanzas para Emprendedores Marzo 2010
  • 2. SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES PARA INVERSORES Y EMPRENDEDORES Okuri Ventures ayuda a convertir las ideas innovadoras en negocios de éxito CONSULTORÍA CAPITALIZADA Implantación de modelos de negocio y en la gestión de iniciativas ASESORÍA DE NEGOCIO FORMACIÓN Definición y valoración de Desarrollo profesional y ideas para la toma de personal mediante la decisiones de inversión formación y orientación INCUBADORA Y SERVICIOS SOPORTE Lanzamiento de iniciativas mediante la provisión de los recursos básicos 28/04/2010
  • 3. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES OBJETIVO SESIÓN 1 • Conceptos Introducir a estudiantes de pérfil técnico • Principios los conceptos financieros clave a la hora • Ecuaciones de emprender • Inversores; Objetivos y restricciones, etapas, “Capital riesgo” y Palancas de Valor RESULTADO • Conclusiones para el emprendedor •Comprensión de los indicadores financieros clave •Capacidad para parametrizar los SESIÓN 2 modelos facilitados de cara a valorar una • Business Plan startup y presentar las proyecciones • Precio finnacieras a inversores • Modelo de Negocio • Otras herramientas DURACIÓN 2 sesiones 4h 28/04/2010
  • 4. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 1 1. Conceptos 2. Principios 3. Ecuaciones 4. Inversores 5. Conclusiones para el emprendedor 6. Overview Finance 102 28/04/2010
  • 5. 1. CONCEPTOS Euros, Cuentas y Cuentos Ingreso (devengo vs. cobro) Gasto (devengo vs. pago, fijo vs. variable, inversión/coste hundido vs. recurrente) Margen (EBIT vs EBITDA, bruto vs neto, contable vs tesorería) Impacto pago a 90 días: Caso Agoranews Balance y Cuenta de resultados (Activo vs Pasivo, deudor vs acreedor, real vs contable, y ratios de rentabilidad) R R=p*q, ABC… E A E CC, /Producto (analítica)… L 28/04/2010
  • 6. 2. PRINCIPIOS Efecto interés compuesto Time value of money “Más vale pajaro en mano que ciento volando” Riesgo mercado vs. empresa Diversification “No pongas todos los huevos en la misma cesta” Correlación riesgo y retorno Price of risk “Nadie vende duros a cuatro (Sharpe ratio) pesetas” 28/04/2010
  • 7. 3. ECUACIONES CAPM: r% = α + βp = Rf +β*MRP) WACC= Ke * (E / (D+E)) + Kd (D / (D+E)) FCF = Net income + depreciation – changes in working capital – Capital expenditures Reporting Valuation Sales -COGS -Overhead -Depreciation =EBIT (NOP) EBIT -Interest expenses -Cash taxtes on EBIT -Taxes =NOPLAT =Net Income +Depreciation -Changes in WCR -Capex =FCF 28/04/2010
  • 8. 4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – ¿OTP? SICAVs Family offices Insurance & Brokers Pension Funds Endowments ¿? Private Banking Hedge Funds Grants and Angel Funds Subsidies CVC Funds of Comercial Funds Investment Banks Banking Sovereign Funds 28/04/2010
  • 9. 4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Etapas 28/04/2010
  • 10. 4. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – “Capital Riesgo” Target yearly Holding period Investment Entry/exit return (years) death rate multiplier PE 25%+ 3-5 <20% x3,5 VC 25%+ 3-5 >60% x10+ BA 15%+ 4-7 >80% x20+ Fuente: Cifras orientativas 28/04/2010
  • 11. 5. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Palancas de valor Retorno al Accionista PE Multiplicador Inversión VC Fuente: Cifras orientativas 28/04/2010
  • 12. 5. INVERSORES PROFESIONALES – Entendiendo el Venture Capital http://www.bothsidesofthetable.com/understanding-vcs/ 28/04/2010
  • 13. 6. CONCLUSIONES PARA EL EMPRENDEDOR 1 / (1-n) Fuente: http://www.paulgraham.com/equity.html 28/04/2010
  • 14. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES OBJETIVO SESIÓN 1 • Conceptos Introducir a estudiantes de pérfil técnico • Principios los conceptos financieros clave a la hora • Ecuaciones de emprender • Inversores; Objetivos y restricciones, etapas, “Capital riesgo” y Palancas de Valor RESULTADO • Conclusiones para el emprendedor •Comprensión de los indicadores financieros clave •Capacidad para parametrizar los SESIÓN 2 modelos facilitados de cara a valorar una • Business Plan startup y presentar las proyecciones • Precio finnacieras a inversores • Modelo de Negocio • Otras herramientas DURACIÓN 2 sesiones 4h 28/04/2010
  • 15. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2 1. The Business Plan 2. The Price 3. The Business Model 4. Other Tools 28/04/2010
  • 16. My time is valuable… how much m will I spend looking at your BP 4/28/2010
  • 17. What investors are looking for …and so should YOU 4/28/2010
  • 18. Your Company Your Investor Your Numbers 4/28/2010
  • 19. WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: COMPANY Opportunity description WHO ARE YOU Business Model Need Satisfied Products / Services WHAT DO YOU DO Market Objective Competitors HOW DO YOU Sales & Marketing Strategy ACHIVE IT Current and Funnel Clients OPPORTUNITY FOR Investment Allocation THE INVESTOR Exit Strategy 4/28/2010
  • 20. WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: INVESTOR Business Sector (Tags) Contact Information Executive Team Financial Information RELEVANT ― Investment Stage ― Current Capital INFORMATION ― Monthly Burn Rate FOR THE ― Pre-Money Valuation INVESTOR ― Investment Capital Current Investors Forums 4/28/2010
  • 21. WHAT WE INCLUDE IN A FINANCIAL 1 PAGER: NUMBERS Multiplier Year 1 … Year N Revenues CF Breakeven EBITDA Net Result Assets Liabilities Cash Money… when and how much 4/28/2010
  • 22. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2 1. The Business Plan 2. The Price 3. The Business Model 4. Other Tools 28/04/2010
  • 23. PRICING METHODS - BENCHMARK Useful for similar products Difficult to obtain data Be careful What you compare Units Time Location Tabulate data and present in graphs or simple tables 28/04/2010
  • 24. PRICING METHODS - MARKUP Useful for established products in competitive atmosphere Always lower limit Easy to obtain data… your company Be careful Over price Cost Allocation Unitary marginal, variable and fixed cost 28/04/2010
  • 25. PRICING METHODS – VALUE ADDED Useful for breakthrough technologies Clearly explain the gains the client will have Difficult to obtain data Always upper limit Be careful What are the needs of the client Determine the value per use 28/04/2010
  • 26. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2 1. The Business Plan 2. The Price 3. The Business Model 4. Other Tools 28/04/2010
  • 27. What makes your business tick Up and Down… almost ALLWAYS is related 4/28/2010
  • 28. How to determine your business drivers Target: Commercials in “Gran Consumo” companies How 5.000 users first year , recurrent and growing How Go to 5 of the 100 companies in the market -> 1000 How 1 users/ client Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? I personally (or my network) know 5 decision takers in How 2 those companies, initial prospection has been made Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? 3 Size of companies -> level of control over users Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? How 4 Are my clients going to demand a trial phase Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? 5 Success in conversion rate from trial to client? Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? 4/28/2010
  • 29. Usefulness Target: Commercials in “Gran Consumo” companies 5.000 users first year , recurrent and growing Go to 5 of the 100 companies in the market -> 1000 Marketing / Sales Strategy 1 users/ client Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? I personally (or my network) know 5 decision takers in Scalability 2 those companies, initial prospection has been made Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? Success of product / service 3 Size of companies -> level of control over users Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? 4 Are my clients going to demand a trial phase Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Users / Client? 5 Success in conversion rate from trial to client? Are you still with 5 clients and 1.000 Usurers / Client? 4/28/2010
  • 30. Don’t be afraid… Your own matrix … We will help you with an standard 28/04/2010
  • 32. FINANZAS PARA EMPRENDEDORES – Sesión 2 1. The Business Plan 2. The Price 3. The Business Model 4. Other Tools 28/04/2010

Editor's Notes

  1. Post Jaime Estevez Para que las ventas crezcan (línea azul) el presupuesto (línea amarilla) se ve forzado a aumentar en proporción equivalente en aras a dar soporte al esfuerzo correspondiente al incremento de actividad . Pero en la medida en que hay que aumentar dicho presupuesto, la tesorería (línea verde) baja en igual cantidad y no se ve aliviada por el incremento de ingresos hasta los 90 días de media que tardan las ventas en convertirse en efectivo . Dicha disminución inmediata de la tesorería -de por sí escasa- obliga a controlar y restringir con agilidad el presupuesto si no se quiere incurrir en un escenario de suspensión de pagos. Y a un menor presupuesto corresponde, lógicamente una menor capacidad operativa . Esto significa que a cada ola de crecimiento del negocio le sucede una reacción de signo contrario y dimensión proporcional que conlleva un agostamiento de la actividad durante un período entre dos y tres meses. En definitiva, es la curva de tesorería o, si se quiere, la curva de los ingresos diferida tres meses en el tiempo menos la de tus consumos actuales, la que marca el techo de tu actividad posible en cada momento. La curva de la tesorería tira hacia abajo de la del presupuesto y esta a su vez limita el crecimiento aceptable de las ventas . Hasta que dichas ventas se hacen líquidas y permiten insuflar nuevos bríos al presupuesto, facilitando que las ventas crezcan tanto como nuestra capacidad comercial permita.
  2. ASCRI