Machu Picchu is an ancient Inca citadel set high in the Andes Mountains in Peru, above the Amazon rainforest. It was built in the 15th century but abandoned a century later at the time of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. It lay hidden and largely undisturbed until 1911 when it was rediscovered by Hiram Bingham. Now a UNESCO World Heritage site, it is Peru's most visited tourist attraction but tourism poses threats from overcrowding and erosion that require active management and limits on visitor numbers to preserve the site.

1. Lucinda Main MACHU PICCHU

2. Introduction of Machu Picchu: Machu Picchu is also know as the “Lost City”. It is located in Peru. It is on the outskirts of the Amazon Rainforest and the Andy's run through it. The Inca people made it but left for reasons that no one knows about. It was found by Hiram Bingham in 1911. Now it is a main tourist attraction in Peru.

3. Human and Physical attractions: Human attraction: There are many attractions for Machu Picchu many say that it is the most spectacular site in South America. Also people like the challenge of hiking he Inca Trial, the trail is parthed with rocks which were put in place by the Inca's.

4. Physical Attractions: The beautiful sun sets and amazing scenery are what attracts tourists. The ancient buildings which have been up for a long time and have stayed up through earthquakes and other extreme conditions. The experience of the Inca trail , just walking it is amazing.

5. History of Machu Picchu: Machu Picchu was created by the Inca’s . Then the Inca’s fled for reasons unknown. Many think it was because they had to flee from the Spanish. But historians know that the Spanish did not find the site because the sun dial was left and the Spanish destroyed all the sun dials when they invaded. Now it is used as a historical site which tourists visit as an adventure.

7. What makes Machu Picchu a good building settlement? Machu Picchu is a good building settlement because it is remote and hidden by the Amazon rainforest. It remained undiscovered by the Spanish. Machu Picchu was very high so it would kill of diseases for example the mosquitoes to carry malaria. Lastly spiritually, it is a good location because they may feel that they are closer and more connected to the sky and Gods.

8. What makes Machu Picchu a bad building settlement. Machu Picchu was a bad building settlement because it is difficult to get access. This would mean that it would be very difficult to supplies or food. Also when you get through all the jungle than the actually area is very exposed. It is also very cold at night and very hot in the day. Lastly if they have to farm the land it is difficult because of the steep slopes.

9. Why they left? I think that Machu Picchu was abandon because the Inca’s were scared that the Spanish was going to kill them all so they flead hoping that they wouldn’t be killed. But in the end people don’t think that the Spanish found Machu Picchu. Another reason could be that because they haven’t had to fight diseases so there immune system could have bad. This would mean that if someone bought a disease than they wouldn’t be able to fight it and would die.

10. The impact of tourism on Machu Picchu.

11. The benefits of having a strong tourist industry to the locals. Social benefits: The benefits of having a strong tourist industry is that more jobs are provided as guides and sherper's and tourist offices who organise the trips and activities. Machu Picchu tourism is the only income of money that the locals have so it is important to have a strong industry so that they are able to have new facilities and make or buy food.

12. The benefits of having a strong tourist industry to the locals. Environmental benefits: There are two main environmental benefits. It encourages conservation and preservation of Machu Picchu because it is such a beautiful and sacred place that they don’t want top destroy it. Also this type oif tourism could be considered a clean industry.

13. The benefits of having a strong tourist industry to the locals. Economic benefit: Tourism affects Local people in Machu Picchu is many ways. It provides money to create new facilities and services that may not have been developed. It encourages public pride and involvement. Cultures can be exchanged between the gests and locals. Lastly it gives the locals a chance to learn more languages and skills.

14. The negatives of having a strong tourist industry for the locals. Social negative: The negative impacts are that it may attract people that cause conflict toward the local tourists. Also, overloading porters may bring health problems. It may lead to lose of culture and values of religion. Overloading and crowding on small streets may mean that the locals find it hard to get around. Lastly, when the guides and sherper's go of to Machu Picchu they will be away from their families for long periods.

15. The negatives of having a strong tourist industry for the locals. Environmental negatives: There are so many tourists that come every year now, that the site is slowly being eroded away. The paths that lead you to the site are constantly under rainfall and landslides aren’t rare, so it is costly to replace the paths. Finally the timber is being cut along the Inca trail for wood and cooking so slowly the path is becoming more and more open.

16. The negatives of having a strong tourist industry for the locals. Economic negatives: The economic negatives of industry is that it cause inflation to property and good services. The employment is seasonal so most of the locals have no work for the majority of the year. The money doesn’t always stay in the country, most of it is used to import tourist goods.

17. What is being done to try and preserve the site. Management of Machu Picchu: It protection is mandated by the U.N. They are reducing the infrastructure of the site. They are cutting the tourist by 800. They are limiting the amount of trains into Machu Picchu. The town of Aguas Calientes will now receive 10 percent of ticket receipts from Machu Picchu to improve the infrastructure, including sewage and waste treatment.

18. Management of the Inca Trail: Entry fee will b raised. Hikes without an authorized Inca Trail Guide, are no longer permitted. Two guides for groups of more than seven tourists. Groups may not accede 15 people visitors. No more than 500 people are allowed to start the trek. Groups may not stay more than four nights on that portion of the Inca Trail that lies within the Machu Picchu sanctuary.