2. PHILOSOPHY
• Philosophy is a Greek word.
“PHILOS” means “love” and
“SOPHIA” means “wisdom”.
Philosophy means love of
wisdom.
3. • Philosophy of education is
"the philosophical study
of education and its
problems...its central subject
matter is education, and its
methods are those of
philosophy.
4. • It is both part of the field of
education and a field of applied
philosophy, drawing from fields
of :
metaphysics, epistemology, axiol
ogy and the philosophical
approaches to address issues
relating to education.
5. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
• Metaphysics: What is the nature
of reality?
• Epistemology: What is the
nature of knowledge? How do
we come to know?
• Axiology: What values should
one live by?
6. • Philosophy helps teachers to
reflect on key issues and
concepts in education, usually
through such questions as
follows :
7. Cont…..
• What is being educated? What is
the good life? What is
knowledge? What is the nature
of learning? And What is
teaching? Philosophers think
about the meaning of things and
interpretation of that meaning.
8. • A philosophy of education
represents answers to questions
about the purpose of schooling,
a teacher's role, and what should
be taught and by what methods.
13. • “Philosophy is an
unceasing effort
to discover the
general truth that
lies behind the
particular facts to
discern, also the
reality that lies
behind
appearance” –
RAYMOND TALLYS
17. • It is the view that
humans define their own
meaning in life, and try to
make rational
decisions despite existing in
an irrational universe.
18. • It focuses on the question
of human existence, and the
feeling that there is no
purpose or explanation at the
core of existence.
19. • It holds that, as there is no
God or any
other transcendent force, the
only way to counter this
nothingness (and hence to
find meaning in life) is
by embracing existence.
20. PERENNIALISM
• According to the Perennialists,
the aim of education is to ensure
that students acquire
understandings about the great
ideas of Western civilization.
These ideas have the potential
for solving problems in any era.
21. • The focus is to teach ideas
that are everlasting, to seek
enduring truths which are
constant, not changing, as the
natural and human worlds at
their most essential level, do
not change.
22. • Teaching these unchanging
principles is critical. Humans
are rational beings, and their
minds need to be developed.
• Thus, cultivation of the
intellect is the highest priority
in a worthwhile education.
29. ESSENTIALISM
• A belief that things have a set of
characteristics which make them
what they are, and that the task
of science and philosophy is
their discovery and expression;
the doctrine that essence is
prior to existence.
30. • Refers to doctrine that certain
traditional concepts, ideals,
and skills are essential to
society and should be taught
methodically to all students,
regardless of individual
ability, need.
40. • Idealism generally suggests
the priority of ideals,
principles, values, and goals
over concrete realities.
Idealists are understood to
represent the world as it
might or should be.
41. • Idealism refers to any view
that stresses the central role
of the ideal in the
interpretation of experience.
43. HUMANISM
• Humanism is defined as a
rationalist outlook or system
of thought attaching prime
importance to human rather
than divine or supernatural
matters.
44. • Humanism is a system of
values and beliefs that is
based on the idea that people
are basically good and that
problems can be solved using
reason instead of religion.
45. • Humanism is a doctrine,
attitude, or way of life centered
on human interests or
values; especially , It is a
philosophy that usually rejects
supernaturalism and stresses an
individual's dignity and worth
and capacity for self-realization
through reason.
62. IDEALISM
• A philosophical theory
advocating that reality
depends on the mind for
existence & that truth is
universal and absolute.
63. REALSIM
• A philosophical system
stressing that the laws and
order of the world as revealed
by science are independent
from human existence.
64. PRAGMATISM
• An American movement in
philosophy emphasizing
reality as the sum total of
each individual’s experiences
through practical
experimentation.
65. NATURALISM
• A belief that the laws of
nature govern life and that
individual goals are more
important than societal goals.
66. EXIXTENTIALISM
• A twentieth century
philosophy that centers on
individual's existence and
advocates that truth and
values are arrived at by each
person’s experience.
67. CURRICULAR FOCUS
SCHOOL OF THOUGHT CURRICULAR FOCUS
IDEALISM TEACHER CENTERED
REALISM SUBJECT CENTERED
PRAGMATISM STUDENT CENTERED
NATURALISM INDIVIDUAL
READINESS TO LEARN
EXISTENTIALISM INDIVIDUAL CENTERED
- BASED ON
SELFREALIZATION