Predatory Deviance

Murder
• Homicide is the killing of one person by another.
• Murder is a form of criminal homicide, where the
perpetrator intended to kill the other person,
sometimes with premeditation (a plan to kill).
• Homicides can be criminal, excusable, or
justifiable.
• A criminal homicide is unjustifiable, with
consequences being severe.

• The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR)
Program defines murder and nonnegligent
manslaughter as the willful (nonnegligent)
killing of one human being by another.
• The figure of murder do not include suicide,
accidents or justifiable homicides either by
citizens or law enforcement officers.
Murder

Murder as self help
• Women who murder tend to be more socially
isolated, and instead of seeking help, they
rationalized violence as a means of escape.
• If the laws/society is not accessible to the
victim, she will resort to her own means to
protect ourselves. (Peterson 1999)

Hirschi’s social control theory/ Bond
theory
• Hirschi’s social control theory asserts that ties to
family, school and other aspects of society serve
to diminish one’s propensity for deviant
behaviour.
• As such, social control theory posits that crime
occurs when such bonds are weakened or are not
well established.
• Control theorists argue that without such bonds,
crime is an inevitable outcome (Lilly et al., 1995)

• these bonds are based on
• attachment to those both within and outside of
the family.
• ;commitment to activities in which an individual
has invested time and energy, such as educational
or career goals;
• involvement in activities that serve to both
further bond an individual to others
• finally, belief in wider social values. These four
aspects of social control are thought to interact to
insulate an individual from criminal involvement

Rape
• In general, rape is defined as the act of having carnal knowledge of a
woman by a man, forcibly and against her will, or without conscious
permission, or where permission has been extorted by force or fear of
immediate harm.
• Stated otherwise, it is the act of unlawful sexual intercourse between
person not married to each other accomplished through the use of fear
and forced by man and implying lack of consent by the woman (legal
dictionary by Gifis,1975)
• Rape is a serious sex crime. It is a traumatic
and life-threatening experience--one that
cannot be easily forgotten.

• Not only does it affect the survivor, the pain ripples
through her family, friends, and other significant others
• The memory of being raped and the fear experienced
during and after the occurrence may never completely
diminishes and vanishes.
• With help and over time, however, many survivors are
able to integrate the experience into their lives and
once again take control over their lives.
• Most survivors are able to recover with help but others
remain severely traumatized

Forms of rape
1. Gang rape
o which occurs when a survivor is sexually
assaulted by more than one person.
o This type of rape tends to take place where
there are pre-existing male bonds, such as on
athletic teams, in fraternities, and within
military units.

• According to a study done in 1991 by Boeringer, Shehan, and
Akers, gang rapes tend to include more alcohol and drug use,
fewer weapons, more night attacks, less survivor resistance,
and more severe psychological outcomes than individual
rapes.

2. Marital rape
o This occurs anytime a spouse is forced to
have sex with his/her spouse when he/she
does not want to and does not give consent
to.
o Survivors of marital rape also tend to be
survivors of verbal and physical abuse from
their spouses.

3. Prison Rape
o This type of rape usually involves male on male forcible contact.
o It is believed that prison rape may occur for several reasons:
a) asserting dominance
b) “proving manhood,“
c) satisfying sexual needs,
d) and exerting power and control over other inmates.
o In most cases the assailant considers himself to be heterosexual
and he may even have a partner outside of prison.
o Unfortunately, most perpetrators are usually not prosecuted for
these offences

• Alcohol and drugs are usually significant
factors in date rape situations.
• These substances affect the judgment of both
the rapist and the survivor.

Motivations for Rape
• power
o Power rape is motivated by the desire to
control and dominate the survivor.
o Most often the intent in these kind of rapes
are not to injure the survivor, but more to gain
control by using just enough force to get the
survivor to comply with the rapist's wishes.

• Anger
o Anger rape is generally very spontaneous, as emotions take
over the rapists and make them do things they normally
would not do if they had a chance to calmly think about it.
• Sadism rape
o Sadistic rapes are usually preplanned and have a history of
being the most brutal rapes that use tactics such as torture,
bondage, and sexual abuse involved.
o This is the least common type of rape, which is fortunate
because it is the most gruesome, with the rapist getting
pleasure from hurting and degrading the survivor.

• Finally, there is rape as a means of sexual
gratification.
o Most acquaintance rapes and date rapes fall
into this category where only enough force is
used to compel the survivor to comply.
o Violence only occurs if the survivor offers
resistance of some sort. This is the most
common type of rape.

Rape in the Philippines
• In Republic Act No. 8353 also known as The Anti-Rape Law
of 1997 has defined rape as follows:
• By a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a woman
under any of the following circumstances:
"a) Through force, threat, or intimidation;
"b) When the offended party is deprived of reason or
otherwise unconscious;
"c) By means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of
authority; and
"d) When the offended party is under twelve (12) years of age
or is demented, even though none of the circumstances
mentioned above be present.
• The penalty shall be reclusion perpetua to death.

• Killing one's father-patricide
• Killing one's mother-matricide
• Killing one's parent(s)-parenticide
• Killing one's brother-fratricide
• Killing one's sister-sororicide
• Killing one's husband-mariticide,viricide
• Killing one's wife-uxoricide
• Killing one's son or daughter-filicide, prolicide
• Killing a close relative- parricide
• The act of a parent killing his or her son or daughter. ("filius" being Latin
for son-Filicide
• The act of killing a fetus in the uterus or causing an abortion-Feticide (or
foeticide)
• The act of killing a child within the first year of its life.- infanticide The
killing of one's mother or father or other close relative.- Parricide – (also
Parenticide)
• The systematic extermination of an entire national, racial, religious, or
ethnic group.- Genocide

Theft
• the generic term for all crimes in which a person intentio
nally and fraudulently takes personal property of another
without permission orconsent and with the intent to conv
ert it to the taker's use (including potential sale).
• . Theft is often defined as the unauthorized taking of property
from another with the intent to permanently deprive them of
it. Within this definition lie two key elements:
• 1) a taking of someone else's property; and
• 2) the requisite intent to deprive the victim of the property
permanently.

Types of Theft
• Petty Theft
Petty or "petit" thefts typically occur when someone steals
property below a certain value specified by law.
• Grand Theft
Grand theft, on the other hand, occurs when property is stolen
that is worth more than the limit for petty theft.