1. Expressive map design: OGC SLD/SE++ extension for
expressive map styles
Sidonie Christophe, Bertrand Duménieu, Antoine Masse, Charlotte Hoarau, Jérémie Ory, Mathieu Brédif, François Lecordix, Nicolas Mellado, Jérémie Turbet,
Hugo Loi, Thomas Hurtut, David Vanderhaeghe, Romain Vergne and Joëlle Thollot
Univ. Paris-Est, LASTIG, IGN, ENSG, F-94160 Saint-Mande, France
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inria, France
Polytechnique Montréal, Canada

2. What is a map style?
Ory et al. 2015, 2016)(Christophe & Hoarau 2012, Christophe et al. 2015, 2016,
2

3. What is a map style?
(Christophe & Hoarau 2012)
-> Specific manner to render geographical information
Due to history and practices
According to uses of “content & appearance”
Distinctive and recognizable (Kent & Vujakovic 2009) 3

4. How to transfer the style of a source to maps?
Extraction Application
Rendering
4
(Christophe 2011)

5. 5
(Christophe et al. 2016)

6. Expressive
Rendering
Extraction
6
How to transfer the style of sources to maps?
MapStyle project (2012-2016): GI Sciences & Computer Graphics
Application

7. 7
Expressive
Rendering
-> An extensive style model, controllable by a user:
- specification of the rendering of all geometries
- access to related rendering techniques
How to transfer the style of sources to maps?

8. 8
1
Expressive
Rendering
How to transfer the style of sources to maps?

9. 9
Rendering
Legend
1
2
Expressive
Rendering

10. 3 types of rendering techniques
• Vectorial texture generation
• Curve Stylization
• Raster texture synthesis

11. Vectorial texture generation: programmable approach
11
(Loi et al. 2017)

12. 12
Brush
Paper
Dropped medium
Sectional view
Front view
Brush PressurePaper
Curve Stylization
12
(Christophe et al. 2016)

13. 13
Raster texture synthesis for region filling
(Christophe et al. 2016)

14. 14

15. 15 15
Fill a region with vectorial textures

16. 16 16
Add color

17. 17 17
Add paper

18. 18
Blend layers to watercolor
18

19. 19
Blend layers to watercolor
19
-> How to specify and to control this rendering?

20. Extension OGC Styled Layer descriptor/ Symbology Encoding
(SLD/SE) -> SLD++
20
(Christophe et al. 2016)

21. Extension OGC Styled Layer descriptor/ Symbology Encoding
(SLD/SE) -> SLD++
21
(Christophe et al. 2016)

22. Extension OGC Styled Layer descriptor/ Symbology Encoding
(SLD/SE) -> SLD++
22
(Christophe et al. 2016)

23. 23
« Cassini » Map Style
(Christophe et al. 2016)

24. 24
« Cassini » Map Style
(Christophe et al. 2016)

25. 25
(Christophe et al. 2016)
« watercolor » Map Style
(Christophe et al. 2016)

26. 26
« japanese print » Map Style
Style
(Christophe et al. 2016)

27. Temps x4000
27
0
5
10
20
Profondeur (m)
(Masse & Christophe 2016)
Photorealistic stylization of water depth
This is an animation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DhZP6XjCukk&t=17s

28. 28 28
(Antoine Masse & Bertrand Duménieu, Christophe et al. 2016)
Animated « japanese print » Map Style
Style
This is an animation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG72ieoVnas&feature=youtu.be

29. Conclusion & Perspectives…

30. Extended cartographic pipeline for expressive map design
30
Open Source code
OpenGL rendering engine
GLSL shaders

31. Topographic Styles Interpolation
31(Hoarau & Christophe 2016, Mellado et al. 2017)
(Hoarau et Christophe 2016)

32. Topographic Styles hybridation
32
(Ory et al. 2015, Ory 2016, Ory et al. 2017)
(Ory et al. 2015, Ory 2016)

33. 3D Stylization
33
(Brasebin et al. 2016)
(Brasebin et al. 2016)

34. Thank you for your attention!
Any questions?
http://mapstyle.ign.fr
sidonie.christophe@ign.fr
Thanks to the French National Research Agency (ANR)
MapStyle project [ANR-12-CORD-0025]
34

35. References
Christophe, S., Duménieu, B., Turbet, J., Hoarau, C., Mellado, N., Ory, J., Loi, H., Masse, A., Arbelot, B., Vergne, R., Brédif, M., Hurtut, T., Thollot, J.,
Vanderhaeghe, D. (2016). Map Style Formalization: Rendering Techniques Extension for Cartography, Pierre Bénard; Holger Winnemöller.
Expressive 2016 The Joint Symposium on Computational Aesthetics and Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling and Non-Photorealistic Animation
and Rendering, May 2016, Lisbonne, Portugal. The Eurographics Association, Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering.
Duménieu, B., Christophe, S. (2016). Integrating expressive rendering techniques in a GIS cartographic pipeline, Agile 2016 Workshop 'Code Loves
Maps: Cartographically Oriented Programming Environments', 14 June 2016, Helsinki, Finland (Position Paper).
Hoarau C., Christophe S. (2016) Cartographic continuum rendering based on color and texture interpolation to enhance photo-realism perception.
ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (in press). DOI:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.09.012
Loi, H., Hurtut, T., Vergne, R., Thollot, J. (2017). Programmable 2D Arrangements for Element Texture Design. ACM Transactions on Graphics 36(3),
April 2017. DOI: 10.1145/2983617
Masse, A., Christophe, S. (2016). Geovisualisation of animated tides in coastal area with an OpenSource OpenGL platform, Agile 2016 Workshop
'Code Loves Maps: Cartographically Oriented Programming Environments', 14 June 2016, Helsinki, Finland (Position Paper).
Nicolas Mellado, David Vanderhaeghe, Charlotte Hoarau, Sidonie Christophe, Mathieu Brédif, Loic Barthe. Constrained Palette-Space Exploration.
ACM Trans. Graph. 36, 4, Article 0304 (July 2017), 14 pages. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073650.
Ory J., Christophe S., Fabrikant S.I., Bucher B. (2015) How do map readers recognize a topographic mapping style? The Cartographic Journal, 52(2).
pp.193-203. DOI:10.1080/00087041.2015.1119459
35