Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a type of grass native to warm tropical and subtropical regions. It grows 2-6 meters tall and has fibrous stalks rich in the sugar sucrose. Sugarcane grows best in temperatures between 27-38 degrees Celsius and requires full sunlight for optimal growth and sugar content. It is propagated through stem cuttings containing buds. Sugarcane is a major commercial crop and is the primary source of sugar production worldwide.

2. S. officinarum or sugar cane are several species of tall perennial true
grasses growing 2–6 meters high
native to the warm temperate to tropical regions
Temperature: Minimum tolerable temperature is 21 °C Optimal
temperature is 27-38 °C
Sunlight: Sugarcane is sun loving species
reduced sunlight decreases yield, sugar content.
C4 plant
Cross Pollination
Fibrous stalks that are rich in the sugar sucrose which accumulates in
the stalk internodes
Stem of sugarcane with buds at nodes is used as a seed

3. water 73-76%
solids 24-27% (11-16 % fibre, 10-16%
soluble solids)
sugars 75-92%
salt 3-7%
organic acid and organic non
Sugar
2-3%

4. Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Genus: Saccharum
Species: S. officinarum

5. Shoot system:
plant, grows in clumps consisting of a
number of strong unbranched stems
Stem is circular or oval shape
The stems vary in color being green,
pinkish, or purple and can reach 5 m
(16 ft) in height
Stem consist of several nodes and
internodes
Nodes bear buds
internodes contain a fibrous white
sugary sap

6. Leaves:
Size varies from top to bottom of the
plant.
Leaf of a sugar cane is divided into two
parts sheath and blade, separated by a
blade joint
The leaves are usually attached
alternately to the nodes, thus forming
two ranks on opposites sides
About 10 mature leaves present at a
single stem

7. Root system:
In sugarcane crop the root system is
initiated soon after planting a
portion of stem)with at least ne
lateral bud
sett roots which emerge from root
primordia above the leaf scar on the
nodes of the sett
Sett roots are fine and highly
branched roots

8. Shoot roots are second type of root, which emerge from the base of
the new shoot 5-7 days after planting
The shoot roots are thicker and fleshier than sett roots and develop
in to the main root system of the plant

9. sugarcane is a source of most of the sugar produced in the world
Sugar was initially used for religious ceremonies as a medicine to treat
ailments ranging from leprosy to gallstones
Sugar Products:
Today it’s used to mainly used to sweeten food & beverages such as
Chocolate, candies, Sodas ,Syrups & sauces
Around 500 BC, residents of India began to make sugar syrup, which was
then cooled in larger flat bowls to make crystals, called “khandra” or candy.

10. Tobacco:
Molasses and pure sugar are
common additions to tobacco, and
create a sweet-tasting flavor
traditionally smoked through a
hookah