1. WORKPLACE SAFETY
&
PERSONALPROTECTION
EQUIPMENT (PPE)
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2. Every work that men undertake have associated
risks
Unmitigated exposure to risks at workplace yearly
results in injuries, accidents and ill-health in
workers (est. 340million accidents, 160million
illnesses and 2.3million deaths – ILO, 2011)
Many of these injuries, ill-health and accidents
which end in permanent disabilities, terminal
diseases and sometimes death are preventable
Different strategies exists to protect workers from
deleterious effects of uncontrolled exposure to
INTRODUCTION
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3. Presentation Outline
• Concept of Safety
• Safety in the workplace
• Strategies to keep workers safe and PPE
• Meaning of PPE
• Necessity of PPE
• Protection by PPE
• Responsibility for PPE
• Maintenance of PPE
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4. Contd
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• Storage of PPE
• Benefits of Compliance with PPE regulations
• Dangers and Costs of Non- compliance
• Motivation for Effective use of PPE
• Summary
• Conclusion

5. Concept of Safety
• Safety is freedom from
harm or injury
• It is a state in which hazards
and conditions leading to
physical, psychological or
material harm are
eliminated or controlled in
order to preserve the health
and well-being of
individuals.
• The word “Safety” refers to
and it is connected with all
measures and precautions
taken to prevent accidents,
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6. Safety in the Workplace
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• Safety is necessary everywhere and at all times, in
homes, on roads, in offices, public places and much
more importantly in the workplace
• Safety in the workplace correlates positively with
workers health and productivity
• An unsafe work environment undermines workers’
morale, efficiency and productivity
• All efforts geared towards ensuring safe working
environment will promote organizational
excellence, image and public rating

7. Strategies to keep workers safe and PPE
Several strategies exists to promote safety in the
workplace, they include
• Engineering
• Environmental monitoring and inspection
• Health Education
• Medical Examination, care and surveillance
• Legislation and Enforcement
• Motivation and Enthusiasm
• Evaluation
• Administrative Control
• Personal Protection Equipment – is the only
individualized component of these strategies and
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Meaning of PPE
• Personal Protection
Equipment otherwise
abbreviated as “PPE” are
gargets and outfits that
workers wear to protect
their bodies against harmful
substances
• They offer protection for
the head, face and eyes,
hands, feet and the entire
body
• Specifications and types of
protection devices depend
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Necessity of Personal Protection
Equipment
• The use of personal Protection
Equipment becomes necessary
when and where it is
impossible to avoid or get rid
of hazards from the working
environment or where risks or
hazard exists as part of normal
working experience

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• Eye protection should always
be worn where there is
potential for injury to the eyes
or face from small particles,
toxic chemicals, flying
particles, large objects,
thermal or radiation hazards,
and lasers.
• Selection should be according
to the types and extent of
hazards,
Protection by PPE
Sun protective sunglasses
Look for ultraviolet (UV)-protection on
product
labels. Larger lenses protects better than
smaller lenses —
better yet, the wraparound variety to
protects from all sides.
Safety glasses
Safety glasses should be impact resistant
with wrap-around lenses for the
most complete protection.
1. Eye Protection

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Goggles
Goggles offer good protection
against front and side impact.
Unvented
or indirect vented chemical
splash goggles provide protection
from chemical vapors and
liquids.
Full face shields (FFS)
FFS protect against splashing or
dust but have
varying degrees of impact
resistance.
It may be n
safety glas
underneath
complete p
ecessary to wear
ses or goggles
a face shield for
rotection.
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. adequate ventilation.

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2. Ear Protection
• Thirty-three percent of all
workers experiencing
hazardous noise at work
will develop noise-
induced hearing loss.
• Exposure to high levels of
noise may result in
hearing loss.
• PPE should be worn
when the noise level is 85
decibels or greater
averaged over an eight-
hour period
• Most hearing protection
devices have a noise
reduction rating (NRR)
that indicates the amount
of protection provided.
Formable earplugs
Useful for short wearing
periods or
infrequent use.
Inexpensive and can
be discarded when job is
completed.
Degree of protection is
dependent on
correct insertion; practice
is needed.
Not effective if hearing
protection is
required on a regular
basis.

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Banded ear plugs
Hang around neck when
not needed and can be
quickly inserted. Most
have replacement tips;
no need to replace
whole
band.
Earmuffs
More comfortable to
wear and offers better
long
term protection to
loud noise than earplugs.
However, noise reduction
is not superior to properly
inserted earplugs.
Cap mount earmuffs
Have attaches to slotted safety helmet
and, with the addition of a
safety shield, allows simultaneous
head, face, and hearing protection.

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3. Nose Protection
The risk of
contracting severe lung
disease or death can
be significantly
decreased by using
respiratory protection.
Respirators are used
to prevent the exposure
to air contaminated
with harmful dusts,
fumes, mists, gases,
smokes, sprays, or
vapors
 All respirator usage,
Air purifying disposable particulate
masks with
exhalation valve
Offers protection against non-toxic solid
and
liquid aerosols (e.g., oil mists). Exhalation
valve makes breathing easier and reduces
hot
air build up. Product must be discarded
when
clogged.

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Chemical cartridge respirators
Provide a higher level of
protection
than dust masks. Covers nose
and mouth with valve to control
air
movement. Replaceable activated
carbon cartridges filter incoming
air.
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Gas masks with cartridge
A full-face air purifying device with
larger cartridge than chemical cartridge
respirators that provides protection
against pesticides and toxic
airborne materials. They require sufficient
levels of oxygen in the air to be
filtered. Requires fit test for proper fit.

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4. Hand Protection
• Selecting proper gloves is
very important since the
hands are used to handle
hazardous materials.
• In addition, traumatic injuries
such as cuts, sprains, and
punctures may occur
• With the wide range of
hazards, there are also a wide
range of gloves that may be
used as PPE.
• Chemical-resistant gloves are
always recommended when
working with pesticides and
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Padded cloth gloves
Protects hands from
sharp edges, slivers,
dirt, and vibration. Not
acceptable for handling
hazardous materials.
Heat-resistant
gloves
Offers protection
from heat and
flames.

17. Vinyl/neoprene gloves
Protects hands against
toxic chemicals. Selecting
the right glove is
critical in handling the
varying level of chemical
toxicity.
Nitrile protective gloves
Provides good protection
when using many different
pesticides.
Barrier laminate
gloves
Offer the best
chemical resistance
in gloves designed
to handle hazardous
chemicals.
Avoid cotton-lined
or rubber gloves
that absorb chemicals
that result in
continued absorption
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18. 5. Head Protection
• Head protection designed to
reduce the force of impact
from falling objects
• It can mean the difference
between suffering a mild
concussion or having
permanent brain damage.
• Head injuries are commonly
caused by impact from falling
or flying objects and walking
into hard objects.
• PPE devices such as hard hats
may protect one from objects
contacting the head and, in a
limited way, from electrical
HELMET
HARD HAT
(with shock absorbing suspension
system)
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Offers protection from falling objects
but
not from electrical shocks or corrosive
substances.

19. Bump caps
Designed to protect bumping
head on protruding objects.
Normally does not have a
suspension system inside the
cap that acts as a shock
absorber
Chemical-resistant hats with
added wide brim
Offers protection when applying
pesticides but may not be
compatible with certain types
of respiratory PPE.
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20. 6. Foot Protection
Proper footwear protects
feet from injuries and
reduces the pain and
fatigue that can lead to
injuries.
Injuries that may occur
when proper footwear is
not worn are chemical and
heat burns from spills of
certain chemicals,
compression injuries,
electrical shocks, and
slipping.
Steel toe footwear
Protects toes from falling
objects
and from being crushed
Latex/rubber footwear
Resists chemicals and
provides
extra traction on slippery
surfaces.
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21. • Lab coats must be
appropriately sized for the
individual and be fastened
(snap buttons are
recommended) to their full
length.
• Lab coat sleeves must be of a
sufficient length to prevent
skin exposure while wearing
gloves.
• Flame resistant lab coats must
be worn when using
pyrophoric materials or
7. Body Protection
flammable
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Responsibilities for Protection
1. Employers, managers and
supervisors
Review/audit of workplace risks
and hazards including
available control measures
available


Provision of PPE
Training of workers on safety
and PPE use
 Delegation of responsibility for
monitoring compliance to ensure
that workers wear PPE
throughout their period of
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24. Listen to and resolve workers
complaints on PPE
Provision of disinfecting ,
laundering, cleaning
facilities
Initiating an immediate
investigation into incidents
Provision of adequate first aid
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25. Thanksforlistening!
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EXAMPLES OF PPE SIGNS