1. Trends and Future DirectionsTrends and Future Directions
for e-Governmentfor e-Government
Seminar proposed by: Marwa Mohammed Ali
M.Sc. Student

2. Table of contents:Table of contents:
In this presentation we will deal with the following concepts:
The term of “Transformational Government”.
The IBM Center for The Business of Government.
The SIX trends for the transformation of government.

3. The Transformational Government:The Transformational Government:
• During the last two decades, governments around the world have used ICTs
with the aim of increasing the quality and decreasing the cost of public services.
However, it has become increasingly clear that e-Government has not delivered
all the benefits that were expected from it.
One study found that 35% of e-government projects in developing countries
resulted in total failures; and that 50% were partial failures.
In reaction to these poor outcomes, the term "Transformational Government" has
emerged to indicate “The optimum exploitation of e-government such that its
benefits can be realized”.
This approach has been adopted by a number of countries such as: Canada, UK,
USA, and Korea.

4. The IBM Center for The Business of Government:The IBM Center for The Business of Government:
•Since 1998, the IBM Center for The Business of Government, located in
Washington DC, has been studying the substantial changes that have happened at
all levels of the United States government and in other nations across the world.
•The IBM center has nominated six trends contributing to improved government
performance when facing complex challenges and non-routine problems. These
trends are :
 Changing the Rules.
 Using Performance Management.
Providing Competition, Choice, and Incentives.
Performing On Demand.
Engaging Citizens.
Using Networks and Partnerships.

5. Figure 1: Six Trends Transforming Government Performance

6. Trend One: Changing the RulesTrend One: Changing the Rules
Changing the rules means changing the rules of the game of
government management. It includes changing the formal laws,
administrative requirements, and organizational structures to give
managers and decision makers more flexibility and reduce the
obstacles in order to achieve higher performance.

7.
Trend Two: Using Performance ManagementTrend Two: Using Performance Management
Performance management (PM) is the process by which organizations
utilize their activities, resources, and employees to achieve the strategic
objectives efficiently and effectively. It is a way of improving the
organizational performance through closing the gap between the actual
results and the desired results.

8. Trend Three: Providing Competition, Choice, and IncentivesTrend Three: Providing Competition, Choice, and Incentives
It means the usage of market-based approaches that include:
competition, choice, and incentives. According to the IBM center point
of view, these approaches collectively create what is called:
"Market-based Government" which means the collection of tools that
guide the public sector actions to more efficient performance by
embodying some of the beneficial charac-teristics of private sector
markets.

9. Trend Four: Performing On DemandTrend Four: Performing On Demand(1)(1)
The On Demand is defined as the integration of government organizations
processes and infrastructure to enable day-to-day interaction across the
entire organization and with the key partners, suppliers, and customers.
This makes the whole system of government speedily responsive to the
economic, social, technological, and health changes and challenges.

10. Trend Four: Performing On DemandTrend Four: Performing On Demand(2)(2)
There are two important dimensions to the trend toward performing on
demand:
• 24/7 capability: This dimension means that citizens should expect that
government is capable of providing 24/7 online services. For example,
government departments for license renewal of motor vehicle drivers.
• Non-routine capability: It means that some government agencies should
be able to respond to the unusual events. For example, the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has re-evaluated its capacity
since Hurricane Katrina.

11. Trend Five: Engaging CitizensTrend Five: Engaging Citizens
The fifth trend contributing to the transformation of government at all levels
is engaging citizens in government. Researches have shown that when citizens are
directly engaged with government, political and service-level decisions are seen as
more legitimate and fair. Additionally, by actively engaging citizens, the level of
trust in government increases.

12. The IBM center has recognized that governments are now facing more complex
challenges than before which require networked solutions and partnerships
amongst government agencies.
In USA, Challenges such as terrorist attacks of 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina
are examples of non-routine problems that need a collaborative effort of all
government agencies to overcome. The key tool for achieving this is through the
use of networks.
Trend Six: Using Networks and Partnerships

13. Disclaim: No one knows for certain what may come next!
The IBM Center for The Business of Government believes that understanding
these six trends can help government leaders be better prepared to meet the
challenges of the 21st century.