The document discusses quality assurance of micro-credentials in different countries and regions. It finds that most countries do not have specific quality standards for micro-credentials but some apply existing standards. A few places like New Zealand, Malaysia and Ireland have developed specific micro-credential guidelines. The document also discusses institutional quality assurance processes like developing strategies, implementing reviews, and providing learner support. It notes specific quality issues for online micro-credentials around organizational context, programs, and learner support. Overall, the document examines external quality assurance, institutional processes, and supports that can enhance quality assurance of micro-credentials.