The document discusses various rules and techniques for effective composition in photography, including the rule of thirds for positioning subjects along the thirds lines or at the intersection points to create a more engaging photo. It also mentions techniques like filling the frame, simplicity, framing, using S-curves and leading lines, angles, point of view, and balance. While these are useful guidelines, the document notes that they are not absolute rules and sometimes placing the subject in the center can be effective as well. There are many other compositional elements to consider beyond what is covered.