1. By Jordan Solis and Max Holschuh

2. -General formula is CnH2n
-Alkenes are unsaturated
hydrocarbons containing a
carbon- carbon double bond.
-The double bond is made of
two different bonds, one
sigma ( ) and one pi ()

3. - The double bond represents the
site of reactivity within the
molecule.
- The pi bond is weaker than the
sigma bond therefore it will break
with less energy.
-This will create two new bonding
positions on the carbons which
will create saturated products.

4. - Hydrogen reacts with alkenes to form alkanes in
the presence of a nickel catalyst:
Example:
- This type of procedure is normally done in
industries to converts oils that are heavily saturated
into more saturated compounds

5. -Halogens react with alkenes to create dihalogeno
compounds.
- When these types of reactions occur, it is at a fast rate
and there is color loss from the reacting halogen.
Example:

6. Hydrogen Halides such as HCl and HBr react with alkenes
in order to create halogenoalkanes. These reactions also
occur at a fast pace.
Example:
Reactivity Order: HI<HBr<HCl. In other words, HCl has
the weakest bond and reacts more readily.

7. The reaction between an alkene and water is known as
hydration.
For this type of reaction, a sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst
in order to occur.
During this reaction, both H+
and HSO4
-
are added across
the double bond.
Example:

8. - Alkenes are able to go under addition reactions while
alkanes will not.
- In order to differentiate, a simple experiment can be
done. You shake both solutions of alkenes and alkanes in
alkane with bromine water. The brown color of the
bromine water will be decolorized by the alkene but will
remain colored if it is mixed with an alkane.
- When burned, alkenes will give a heavier smoke than
alkanes.

9. - Since alkenes can be
broken so easily, they
can be joined together
to produce long chains
known as polymers.
When alkenes are on
their own they are
known as monomers.
- Monomers will
determine the chemical
nature of the polymers.

10. Examples of polymerization:
Summary of reactions alkenes:
- Alkenes readily undergo addition reactions
-They are used as starting materials in the manufacture of
many important chemicals.