Natural History art of Europe - Pliny the Elder compiled his work "Natural History" in the 1st century CE, the largest and only surviving work from antiquity. He was killed in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE while studying it. - In the 17th century, Robert Hooke made important early microscopic observations and developed "binomial nomenclature" for classifying organisms. - William Curtis and John Curtis in the 18th-19th centuries were early British naturalists who studied and illustrated plants and insects indigenous to Britain.