Price BIOstock 051409
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Forest and Wood Residues as Feedstock in a Low Carbon Future
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Price BIOstock 051409
- 1. Forest and Wood Residues in a Low Carbon Future C. Scott Miller Price BIOstock, Marketing Consultant BIOstock Blog, Editor May, 2008
- 2. 14+ million tons per year Victoria, Australia PBS Headquarters Wood Chipping
- 3. The Price Companies Business Model Suppliers receive: – A fair price for feedstock – A preferred delivery point Client specifies: – Woodchip or other product – Site of the receiving/processing yard Price provides: – Feedstock procurement and delivery – Design/construction of receiving yard – Management of preparation facility
- 4. Overview The carbon footprint challenge Lessons learned from the forest products industry New tools in our arsenal Biomass opportunities and challenges
- 5. USDA - Greenhouse Gas Impact 1990-2030 Temperature USDA Climate Change Program Office May 2008 Report based on IPCC, 2006
- 6. USDA - Greenhouse Gas Impact 1990-2030 Temperature Precipitation USDA Climate Change Program Office May 2008 Report based on IPCC, 2006
- 7. BIOpower mandates - Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) How will regions meet federal RPS mandates? State-by-state RPS ~10-20% Solar Bioenergy Wind PEW Center on Global Climate Change
- 8. U.S. Energy Consumption Timeline (1775-2000) ‘70s Oil Civil War - Coal emerges Crisis World War I&2 - Oil emerges Quad Cold War - Nuclear emerges World BTU War II 2 Oil Crises and Global Warming 40 - Renewables re-emerge World 30 War I 20 Civil War 10 0 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION
- 10. Carbon footprint comparison Fossil Energy and Fuels Carbon positive +5 Fossil fuels BIOpact Blog
- 11. Carbon footprint comparison Fossil Energy and Fuels Less Carbon Carbon positive positive +5 +4 Fossil Fossil Carbon fuels Fuels sequestration BIOpact Blog
- 12. Carbon footprint comparison Fossil Energy and Fuels Renewable Energy Less Carbon Carbon Carbon positive positive neutral +5 +4 0 Fossil Fossil Carbon Cleantech fuels Fuels sequestration solar, wind, & hydro BIOpact Blog
- 13. Carbon footprint comparison Fossil Energy and Fuels Renewable Energy Less Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon positive positive neutral negative +5 +4 0 -2 Fossil Fossil Carbon Cleantech BioEnergy fuels Fuels sequestration solar, wind, with carbon & hydro storage BIOpact Blog
- 14. ‘70’s “Cradle-to-grave” material value cycle Wood Biomass +$ & Grid Power Biomass Conversion Pulp & Paper Waste to Landfill
- 15. ‘80’s “Cradle-to-cradle” bioenergy value cycle +$ Wood Biomass Waste as Biomass an Energy Conversion Feedstock Parasitic Load - Black liquor Pulp & Paper - Sawdust - Wood residues - Bark
- 16. New “Cradle-to-cradle” bioenergy value cycle Flexible Feedstock - Wood +$ - Energy crops - Residues - MSW Biomass Waste as Parasitic Conversion an Energy Load Feedstock Pulp & Paper Biofuels Bioplastics Centralized Heat Power to Grid
- 17. U.S. renewable energy growth ACORE - Biomass Coordinating Council
- 18. EISA’s mandated growth by fuel - 2006 to 2022 2022 Corn Ethanol Cellulosic Biofuels 2012 2005 7.5B x 2012 BioDiesel Other Biofuels Green Car Congress
- 19. Feedstock sustainability: lifecycle GHG compared* Palm Sugar Corn Oil Soy Canola Cane Lifecycle Roughly 25-50% >75% GHG vs. equal less less Oil-based The Nature Conservancy
- 20. Feedstock sustainability: lifecycle GHG compared* Palm Sugar Corn Oil Soy Canola Cane Lifecycle Roughly 25-50% >75% GHG vs. equal less less Oil-based Water Fertilizer Pesticides Energy Resource Consumption Very High Low The Nature Conservancy
- 21. Feedstock sustainability: lifecycle GHG compared* Palm Agric. Woody Sugar Corn Oil Waste Biomass Soy Canola Cane Lifecycle Roughly 25-50% >75% >95% less to GHG vs. equal less less net sequestration* Oil-based Water Fertilizer Pesticides Energy *depends on methods & type Resource Consumption Very High Low The Nature Conservancy
- 22. Feedstock sustainability: lifecycle GHG compared* Palm Agric. Woody Switch Native Sugar Corn Oil Waste Biomass grass prairie Algae Soy Canola Cane Lifecycle Roughly 25-50% >75% >95% less to Net GHG vs. equal less less net sequestration* sequestration Oil-based Water Fertilizer Pesticides Energy *depends on methods & type Resource Consumption Very High Low The Nature Conservancy
- 23. Biofuel energy balance comparison Sierra Club & Worldwatch Inst. - “Smart Choices for Biofuels”
- 24. Decentralized resource “basins” 25 Miles 50 Miles 75 Miles Haul times
- 25. Decentralized biomass feedstock potential MSW Wood Hybrid Wood Hybrid Wood Hybrid Wood Wood Wood Hybrid Hybrid Wood MSW Wood MSW Hybrid MSW Wood MSW Hybrid Corn Corn Wood Hybrid MSW Wood MSW MSW Corn Corn Wood Corn MSW MSW Corn MSW MSW MSW MSW Corn MSW MSW Wood Wood Hybrid Wood MSW Corn Hybrid Wood Wood MSW Hybrid Wood MSW Wood Hybrid Wood MSW Hybrid MSW Wood Wood MSW Hybrid Wood MSW Wood Wood Hybrid Wood Wood MSW MSW MSW MSW MSW Hybrid Hybrid MSW MSW
- 26. Improving yield per acre Marginal land adaptability Shorter, perennial crop rotation - ideally at 5 years More carbon sequestration Better pest and fire resistance Higher drought and climate tolerance Streamline processability New growing and harvesting techniques US DOE, 6/2006
- 27. Multiple Stresses of a Changing Climate 2003 National Assessment Synthesis Team, US Global Change Research Program
- 28. Thinnings & salvage 6 of the 7 worst fire seasons U.S. Forest Fires 1960-2007 Cone Fire - 2002 National Interagency Fire Center, 200
- 30. Hurricane disaster debris Destruction demolition waste Katrina knockdown - 5,000,000 acres (Mount St. Helens - 130,000 acres) J.Q. Chambers et al., Science 318, 1107 (2007) Published by AAAS
- 31. Raven Energy Kamloops, BC Range Fuels Soperton, GA PB Headquarters Biorefinery Contracts
- 32. Biomass Supply Chain Opportunities Challenges: Solutions: — New species, Improved genetics Yield — Shorter rotation — Marginal land Harvesting — Utilize existing waste — Cost efficient one pass process Transportation — Minimize hauling distances — Specialized rigs — Increase gross vehicle weight Pre-processing — Good economic analysis — Flexibility as technology evolves Sustainability — Develop BMP’s, outside attestation
- 33. Example: $25/ton Biomass Delivered to Mill $7 Stumpage $13 Processing $5 Freight
- 34. Stumpage Prices
- 35. The Regulatory “Blend Wall” Challenge 2022 Cellulosic Biofuels Corn Ethanol 10% Blend Wall BioDiesel Other Biofuels Green Car Congress
- 36. Georgia’s qualifying biomass Before EISA RFS 23,000,000 acres One dot = 5,000 acres Federal land USDA Forest Service - Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program
- 37. Georgia’s qualifying biomass Before EISA RFS 23,000,000 acres vs. 7,300,000 acres After RFS One dot = 5,000 acres Federal land USDA Forest Service - Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program
- 38. California’s qualifying biomass Before EISA RFS 19,000,000 acres One dot = 5,000 acres Federal land USDA Forest Service - Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program
- 39. California’s qualifying biomass Before EISA RFS 19,000,000 acres vs. 500,000 acres After RFS One dot = 5,000 acres Federal land USDA Forest Service - Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program
- 40. Summary Bioenergy addresses carbon footprint challenge Forest products industry is a blueprint for developing integrated biorefineries Bioenergy infrastructure helps environment Biomass opportunities and challenges require advocacy and public education
- 41. Forest and Wood Residues in a Low Carbon Future C. Scott Miller Price BIOstock, Marketing Consultant BIOstock Blog, Editor May, 2008