4. Mandibular anatomy
• Blunt V -shape
• Midline srongest part
• Its movment occur in
relation to base of skull
• Although anatomically the
condyles are the articular
surfaces of the mandible
,but functionally the
occlusal surface of the
mandibular teeth observes
this role
6. • Strong bone , great energy required to fracture
it (44.6 -74.4 kg/ m)
• But its more commonly to fracture than other
bones of face because :
• A. its prominent
• B.blows to mandible transmitted to base of skull
unlike midface which absorbs direct trauma
• C. lines of relative weakness (long canine
,wisdom teeth, alveolar resorption …..)
8. II . According to type of fracture
a.Simple fracture
b.Compound fracture
c.Comminuted fracture
9. II . According to type of fracture
a.Simple fracture
b.Compound fracture
c.Comminuted fracture
d.Pathological fracture
e.Complicated fracture
f.Impacted fracture
g.Green stick fracture
10. III. According to the site of fracture
A. dento-alveolar fracture
B. Condyle
C. Coronoid
D. Ramus
E. Angle
F. Body
G. Symphysis
H. parasymphysis
11. According to the cause of fracture
• Direct violence
• Indirect violence
• Excessive muscle
contraction
12. V. According to the treatment pattern
• Unilateral
• Bilateral
• Multiple
• Comminuted
14. Tooth in fracture line
• It affect on healing of fracture due to :
1. Fracture compound into the mouth via periodontal
membrane
2. Blood supply to the tooth may damaged causing pulp
necrosis and infection
3. Pre-existing pathological lesions
15. Indications for removal of a tooth in fracture
line
Absolute indications
a. Longitudinal fracture of tooth involving the root
b. Subluxation of the tooth from its socket
c. Presence of periapical infection
d. Infected fracture line
e. Acute pericoronotis
Relative indications :
a. Functionless tooth
b. Advanced caries
c. Advanced periodontal disease
45. Fixation and immobilization
1. Dental wiring
a. Direct wiring
b. Eyelet wiring
2. Arch bar
3. Cap splint
4. Gunning type splint
46. Fixation and immobilization
1. Dental wiring
a. Direct wiring
b. Eyelet wiring
2. Arch bar
3. Cap splint
4. Gunning type splint
5. Transosseous wiring
47. Fixation and immobilization
1. Dental wiring
a. Direct wiring
b. Eyelet wiring
2. Arch bar
3. Cap splint
4. Gunning type splint
5. Transosseous wiring
6. Bone plating
48. Fixation and immobilization
1. Dental wiring
a. Direct wiring
b. Eyelet wiring
2. Arch bar
3. Cap splint
4. Gunning type splint
6. Bone plating
7. Transosseous wiring
8. k-wire
9. Extra oral pin fixation
50. Follow up and rehabilitation
1. Immediate post operative phase
2. Intermediate post operative phase 2-4
weeks
3. Late postoperative phase from 4th -6th weeks
51. Complications of mandibular fracture
1. Parasthesia
2. Scar
3. Occlusal derrangment
4. Ankylosis
5. Mal-union ,non union
6. Pyogenic infection
7. Traumatic myositis ossificans of the
masseter muscle