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Natural and chemical biocides
- 3. Introduction Facts related to biocides classification Arguments for biocides Hazards and environmental risks Applications conclusion
- 4. A biocide is basically a formulation containing one or more active substances that will –at very small doses repel or control or destroys harmful organisms
- 5. Over 3 mmt of biocides are used annually on Earth Approximately 25% of the biocides used to rid houses, gardens, lawns, parks, playing fields, swimming pools. The average USA homeowner applies 2-6 times more biocides per acre than farmers do!
- 8. There are two major types of biocides 1. Chemical biocides 2. Natural biocides
- 9. A biocide can be: A pesticide this includes Fungicides Herbicides Insecticides Algicides Molluscicides
- 10. 1. Hypochlorate . Sodium hypochlorate . Calcium hypochlorate 2. Hydrogen peroxide 3. Chlorine bleach
- 12. 1. Biocides increase food supplies and lower food costs. 2. Biocides increase profits for farmers. 3. Pesticides work faster and better than natural alternatives. 4. Insignificant health risk as compared with their benefits.
- 14. Pose significant risk to human health Significant adverse effects on the natural environment .Anti-fouling paints, especially those utilizing organic tin compounds such as TBT Severe and long-lasting impacts on marine eco-systems
- 17. 1. Preservation of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products Preservatives includes Benzalkonium chloride Benzyl alcohol Parabens ( used in cosmetics)
- 18. Biocides used for the production of Acne products Mouth washes Throat lozenges Sprays And number of tea tree oils
- 19. Biocides used to sterilize endoscopes biocides including Glutaraldehyde Hydrogen peroxide Peracetic acid
- 20. Biocides are used to kill the germs and to prevent the algae formation in pool water e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds
- 21. Biocides are essential in our everyday lives for the purposes of prevention and protection. They are subject to their own set of regulations and should not be confused with medicinal drugs , used to treat the human body, or with plant protection products,used directly on crops. If possible, biocide use should be avoided. If there is a logical reason to use biocides in a specific case, then care must be taken to insure that the biocide will be effective and that human exposure to the biocide will be minimized.
- 22. European Environment Agency (1998): Europe’s Environment: The second assessment. 8 Arail T., Harino H., Ohji M. and Langston W. J. (Ed.) (2009): Ecotoxicology of antifouling biocides. 9 van‘t Hoff J., Wies, Beersma P. (2002): Rodenticides and the risks of Brodifacoum for owls. 10 Giela A., Sharp E.,Taylor M.J. (no year): The analysis of anticoagulant rodenticides in animal tissue
Notes de l'éditeur
- Type of chemical or microorganism that control the activity of living organism
- Many biocides are synthetic, but there are naturally occurring biocides classified as natural biocides, derived from, e.g., bacteria and plants.
- A chemical substance that exert a controlling effect on any harmful organism.
- Kill only the target pest and harm no other species.
- Great care is required when handling biocides and appropriate protective clothing and equipment should be used.
- Biocides due to there antiseptic properties in the production of many products
- Endoscopes are the instruments which are used to see the internal body parts
- Unwanted biocides must be undertaken carefully to aviod serious and potentially long lasting damage to environment.
- not only do they kill pathogens, they also kill non-pathogens, meaning they may also be dangerous for humans