SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  32
5 traps & sovent
Traps

 A fixture trap is a device scientifically designed to
prevent the backflow of gases into the outlet of the
fixture.

 Trap seal – the column of water that is retained
between the overflow & dip of the trap. Also known
as “Water Seal”.
Water sealed traps are classified as:
Permissible Traps and as Objectionable Traps


The Permissible Type of Traps are:

1.

The P-Trap/Gooseneck

2. The Drum Trap
The P-traps/Gooseneck

Attributed to its form that is in some manner as the
neck of the goose. P-trap is used to provide a
mechanical barrier against passage of noxious air form
the septic tank or main sewer line.
 The Water-Sealed P-Traps Classifications:
1. The common seal P-Trap
2. Deep Seal P-Trap
What is a common seal P-trap?


 A common seal P-Trap is used for fixtures that are
subjected to normal conditions. This trap has 5 cm
deep water seal.
What is a Deep-Seal P-Trap?


 A deep seal P-Trap has from 7.5 – 10 cm water seal
content. It is purposely designed for situations such
as:
a. Extreme heat condition in the area.
b. Increase/decrease in atmospheric pressure.
c. Circumstances where total ventilation is
unobtainable.


 Re-sealing is the term used to the scientific principle
that water at rest tent o seek a level & maintain it.
 One advantage of the Deep Seal over the Common
Seal traps is its greater re-sealing quality.
Common P-Trap operated
fixtures



 The P-Trap is the most common and practical shape
available in various sizes from 32 - 150 mm in
diameter. These are suitable for fixtures such as:
1. Lavatories
2. Sinks
3. Urinals
4. Drinking Fountain
5. Shower Bath with less amount of discharge.
Some other types of Permissible Traps:


1. Stand Trap

5. Extra Heavy Type

2. Brass Trap
3. High Hub Trap
4. Low Hub Trap

6. Sink or Lavatory Type
The objectionable traps which are
found defective includes:



1. The full size S and the ¾ S Traps.

2. The Bag Traps.

3. Mechanically Sealed Traps.
4. Light metal partition traps.
The National Plumbing Code on
P-Trap Installation provides that:



1.

All traps shall be self cleaning.

2.

P-Trap should be installed as near the fixture as practical.
Short vertical leg eliminate high velocity of water discharge
which create siphonage.

3.

The P-Trap should be installed within 60 cm of the fixture and
accessible for cleaning through the bottom opening closed by a plug.
All traps are subject to stoppage, hence, should be provided with
cleanout or be designed that could be disassembled with little

efforts.

4.

Long run of horizontal pipe called running trap could be used only
near the drain of the floor area or yard and not provided with handhole cleanout.

5.

Overflow pipe from fixture should be connected into the inlet side of
the Trap.

6.

The dip portion of the trap should be as short as possible to avoid
retarded flow of water. Likewise, the horizontal leg connection to the
waste pipe must be short for effective ventilation.

7. That, each fixture trap shall have its own trap. The
following are exceptions to the rule:
a. Two laundry trays and a kitchen sink connected to a
single trap.

b. Not more than 3 laundry tray using one trap and
c. Three lavatories on a single trap.
Drum Trap

 The drum trap derived its name from
its form and size being large in diameter.

1. For fixture that are set on the floor such as bath tubs,
foot & sitz bath, etc.
2. For fixtures that discharges substantial amount of
water wherein trap-seal loss is more prevalent.
3. Used as terminal for soda fountain, bar wastes and
any type of indirect waste.
4. Designed in two types
(a. 100 x 125 mm, b. 100 x 200mm)
Advantages & Disadvantages if
Drum Traps



Advantages
1. Greater amount of water may pass through it in a shorter
interval without danger of trap seal loss.
2. It has a higher re-sealing quality than the P-trap.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Disadvantages
It is large and cumbersome
It is unsightly if the installation is exposed.
The cleanout mechanism is above the water seal.
To clean the drum trap need lubricant and a fiber washer
in the joint between the cove and the body of the trap.

 The National Pluming
Code has regulated the
minimum diameter of
traps and drain sizes to
be installed depending
upon the class of user for
which the installation is
to serve.
Classifications of fixtures to be installed:


1. Class 1 – For Private Use applied to fixtures in
residences, apartment and private bathroom of
hotels and etc.
2. Class 2 – For Semi-Public Use applied to fixture in
office buildings, factories, dormitories and etc.
3. Class 3 – For Public Use such as
schools, gymnasium, hotels, railroad and bus
terminals, public CR’s and etc.

The House Trap

 House Trap is a device installed in the house drain
that act as barrier to prevent the gasses from the
public sewer line or septic tank in circulating
through the plumbing system of the house.
Floor Drain Installation
Recommendations:



 A Floor Drain is a receptacle intended to receive
water from the floor & convey into the plumbing
system. Floor drain is usually installed on:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Basement floor
Near the heating equipment
Below the kitchen sink
Vicinity laundry

2. Every floor drain should be supplied with running
water from a fixture nearby.
3. The 75 mm (3”) P-Trap is recommended for floor
drain. It should be installed not more than 30cm
below the floor line.
4. The trap should be Deep Seal type.
5. The trap may be of low inlet hub pattern.
Grease Trap

 It is a device installed on plumbing system serving
kitchen of hotels, dining rooms, clubhouses and
restaurant.
Installation of Grease Trap


1. The grease trap should be installed as close to the
fixtures as possible.
2. More than one fixture can discharge into the same
trap provided that the trap has sufficient pipe size
and the waste pipe is not very long.
3. Earth-Cooled Grease Trap is used on large
installation and is most desirable type.
4. The basin width should be not less that 60cm long.
6.

The minimum depth of concrete grease trap should not be less than 120 cm below the outlet
invert.
7. The size of the grease trap is measured through the amount of fixture unit discharge.


The Sovent System

 Is a recent development in drainage installation
which is suitable for tall buildings. It almost
completely eliminate the vent stack and other forms
of ventilation with the same effectiveness.
 Introduced in 1962 by Fritz Sommer of
Switzerland, it was tested on a 10 storey drainage
tower which has resulted in a satisfactory
performance.
 First used in the US in 1968 at the Uniment
apartment in Richmond, Ca.
The two line system

 Often referred to as
DWV, this system has
been proven efficient
plumbing system and
universally accepted for
years.
However, the incorporation of the vent pipe in the plumbing system
although promoting efficiency in the installation services, has also brought
some
of
the
problems
enumerated
as
follows:


1. The routing and re-routing of the various kinds of
vents.
2. Additional cost for materials and labor.
3. Space requirements.

 In order to address this problems, a new concept of
Plumbing System called Sovent System was
introduced.
Mechanics of the sovent system


1. A large amount of waste and sewage discharges
form the fixtures could form like a slug that presses
the air downward the pipe and create two kinds of
forces such as pressure and suctions.
2. The downward force, called plus pressure create back
flow of water seal in the P-Trap of lower
fixtures, while the suction force called minus pressure
create siphonage inside the pipe pulling down the
water seal of the fixtures in the upper floor.
3. The Sovent function is to change the solid nature of
the effluent by scattering them into drops or small
blobs to fall like liquid in a shower.
4. Although the effluent rarely fills the soil pipe
completely, still it has the action of a plunger.
5. In a single stack Sovent System vent piping is not
necessary.
6. The Sovent action of reducing the positive and
negative atmospheric pressure is done at each floor
where the aeraor is installed.


7.

The effluent that was already
aerated falling down from
the upper floor is diverted in
the soil stack at each lower
floor.
8. The areator spatters or
scatter the effluent in drops
or small blobs wherin they
are mixed with the air
forming a rarefied mixture of
air and liquid.
9. At the bottom portion of the
single stack, the aerated
effluent is compacted.
10. The deaerator consist of an
air separation chamber with
and internal nose piece, a



stack inlet, a pressure relief
outlet at the top and an stack
outlet at the bottom.
Materials and Design

 Copper was the original material used for Sovent
systems. This is attributed for its proven record of
quick, trouble-free installation.
 Copper is also the material used for the Aerator and
Dearator fittings.

 The aerator is used as a terminal of the soil branch in
each floor of a building while the deaerator is
installed at the bottom portion of the soil.

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Module 6 module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details
Module 6   module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details Module 6   module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details
Module 6 module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details Gilbert Bautista
 
Plumbing and sanitation
Plumbing and sanitationPlumbing and sanitation
Plumbing and sanitationPrachi Gupta
 
Types of fittings and materials in plumbing
Types of fittings and materials in plumbingTypes of fittings and materials in plumbing
Types of fittings and materials in plumbingHoneyGrace Gonzales
 
Plumbing system for students
Plumbing system for studentsPlumbing system for students
Plumbing system for studentsKyle Mallo
 
Sanitary fitting
Sanitary fittingSanitary fitting
Sanitary fittingAB MAKASANA
 
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdf
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdfBasic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdf
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdfJoerelAganon1
 
Plumbing and drainage services
Plumbing and drainage servicesPlumbing and drainage services
Plumbing and drainage servicesArpit Vyas
 
All About Plumbing
All About PlumbingAll About Plumbing
All About Plumbingvortexcas
 
Drainage system
Drainage systemDrainage system
Drainage systemNikhil Jp
 
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICESWATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICESRIDDHESH VARIK
 
Water closets and urinals
Water closets and urinalsWater closets and urinals
Water closets and urinalsAkshay Patil
 
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housing
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingPlumbing services in high rise building and group housing
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
 

Tendances (20)

Module 6 module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details
Module 6   module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details Module 6   module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details
Module 6 module 4 draft sanitary and plumbing layout and details
 
Types of traps
Types of trapsTypes of traps
Types of traps
 
Plumbing presentation
Plumbing presentationPlumbing presentation
Plumbing presentation
 
Plumbing and sanitation
Plumbing and sanitationPlumbing and sanitation
Plumbing and sanitation
 
Types of fittings and materials in plumbing
Types of fittings and materials in plumbingTypes of fittings and materials in plumbing
Types of fittings and materials in plumbing
 
Plumbing system for students
Plumbing system for studentsPlumbing system for students
Plumbing system for students
 
Sanitary fitting
Sanitary fittingSanitary fitting
Sanitary fitting
 
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdf
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdfBasic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdf
Basic Principles of Plumbing & Sanitary Design (Final).pdf
 
Plumbing and drainage services
Plumbing and drainage servicesPlumbing and drainage services
Plumbing and drainage services
 
All About Plumbing
All About PlumbingAll About Plumbing
All About Plumbing
 
The plumbing code
The plumbing codeThe plumbing code
The plumbing code
 
Plumbing
PlumbingPlumbing
Plumbing
 
Drainage system
Drainage systemDrainage system
Drainage system
 
BT 1: Concrete and Admixtures
BT 1: Concrete and AdmixturesBT 1: Concrete and Admixtures
BT 1: Concrete and Admixtures
 
House Drainage System
House Drainage SystemHouse Drainage System
House Drainage System
 
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICESWATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY AND PLUMBING SERVICES
 
Water closets and urinals
Water closets and urinalsWater closets and urinals
Water closets and urinals
 
Walkalator
WalkalatorWalkalator
Walkalator
 
Plumbing
PlumbingPlumbing
Plumbing
 
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housing
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingPlumbing services in high rise building and group housing
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housing
 

Similaire à 5 traps & sovent (20)

Sanitary fitting.pptx
Sanitary fitting.pptxSanitary fitting.pptx
Sanitary fitting.pptx
 
Drainage system Ar 308 unit-3
Drainage system Ar 308 unit-3Drainage system Ar 308 unit-3
Drainage system Ar 308 unit-3
 
Interior services unit 2
Interior services unit 2Interior services unit 2
Interior services unit 2
 
Unit 5 final
Unit 5 finalUnit 5 final
Unit 5 final
 
House drainage
House drainageHouse drainage
House drainage
 
MODULE 02-PLUMBING-FIXTURES-ACCESSORIES-FITTINGS - Copy.pptx
MODULE 02-PLUMBING-FIXTURES-ACCESSORIES-FITTINGS - Copy.pptxMODULE 02-PLUMBING-FIXTURES-ACCESSORIES-FITTINGS - Copy.pptx
MODULE 02-PLUMBING-FIXTURES-ACCESSORIES-FITTINGS - Copy.pptx
 
BECM 4103: Lecture 2 On site human waste management
BECM 4103: Lecture 2 On site human waste managementBECM 4103: Lecture 2 On site human waste management
BECM 4103: Lecture 2 On site human waste management
 
House plumbing
House plumbingHouse plumbing
House plumbing
 
HOUSE DRAINAGE
 HOUSE DRAINAGE HOUSE DRAINAGE
HOUSE DRAINAGE
 
Building ducting
Building ductingBuilding ducting
Building ducting
 
Traps and manhole aditya kumar barn1 ar14002
Traps and manhole aditya kumar barn1 ar14002Traps and manhole aditya kumar barn1 ar14002
Traps and manhole aditya kumar barn1 ar14002
 
Pumping Stations
Pumping StationsPumping Stations
Pumping Stations
 
Drainage
DrainageDrainage
Drainage
 
Che 4 house drainage system
Che 4 house drainage systemChe 4 house drainage system
Che 4 house drainage system
 
Sewer Appurtances
Sewer AppurtancesSewer Appurtances
Sewer Appurtances
 
Traps
TrapsTraps
Traps
 
Build a shower cubicle
Build a shower cubicleBuild a shower cubicle
Build a shower cubicle
 
Sanotary installation
Sanotary installationSanotary installation
Sanotary installation
 
water carriage and sewage system
water carriage and sewage system water carriage and sewage system
water carriage and sewage system
 
Domestic sewage
Domestic sewageDomestic sewage
Domestic sewage
 

Dernier

General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepobaje godwin sunday
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxSaurabhParmar42
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsEugene Lysak
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxEduSkills OECD
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxPractical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxKatherine Villaluna
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphNetziValdelomar1
 
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentXsasf Sfdfasd
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational PhilosophyShuvankar Madhu
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxMYDA ANGELICA SUAN
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 

Dernier (20)

General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and step
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptxPractical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
Practical Research 1 Lesson 9 Scope and delimitation.pptx
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
 
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 

5 traps & sovent

  • 2. Traps   A fixture trap is a device scientifically designed to prevent the backflow of gases into the outlet of the fixture.  Trap seal – the column of water that is retained between the overflow & dip of the trap. Also known as “Water Seal”.
  • 3. Water sealed traps are classified as: Permissible Traps and as Objectionable Traps  The Permissible Type of Traps are: 1. The P-Trap/Gooseneck 2. The Drum Trap
  • 4. The P-traps/Gooseneck  Attributed to its form that is in some manner as the neck of the goose. P-trap is used to provide a mechanical barrier against passage of noxious air form the septic tank or main sewer line.  The Water-Sealed P-Traps Classifications: 1. The common seal P-Trap 2. Deep Seal P-Trap
  • 5. What is a common seal P-trap?   A common seal P-Trap is used for fixtures that are subjected to normal conditions. This trap has 5 cm deep water seal.
  • 6. What is a Deep-Seal P-Trap?   A deep seal P-Trap has from 7.5 – 10 cm water seal content. It is purposely designed for situations such as: a. Extreme heat condition in the area. b. Increase/decrease in atmospheric pressure. c. Circumstances where total ventilation is unobtainable.
  • 7.
  • 8.   Re-sealing is the term used to the scientific principle that water at rest tent o seek a level & maintain it.  One advantage of the Deep Seal over the Common Seal traps is its greater re-sealing quality.
  • 9. Common P-Trap operated fixtures   The P-Trap is the most common and practical shape available in various sizes from 32 - 150 mm in diameter. These are suitable for fixtures such as: 1. Lavatories 2. Sinks 3. Urinals 4. Drinking Fountain 5. Shower Bath with less amount of discharge.
  • 10. Some other types of Permissible Traps:  1. Stand Trap 5. Extra Heavy Type 2. Brass Trap 3. High Hub Trap 4. Low Hub Trap 6. Sink or Lavatory Type
  • 11. The objectionable traps which are found defective includes:  1. The full size S and the ¾ S Traps. 2. The Bag Traps. 3. Mechanically Sealed Traps. 4. Light metal partition traps.
  • 12. The National Plumbing Code on P-Trap Installation provides that:  1. All traps shall be self cleaning. 2. P-Trap should be installed as near the fixture as practical. Short vertical leg eliminate high velocity of water discharge which create siphonage. 3. The P-Trap should be installed within 60 cm of the fixture and accessible for cleaning through the bottom opening closed by a plug. All traps are subject to stoppage, hence, should be provided with cleanout or be designed that could be disassembled with little efforts.
  • 13.  4. Long run of horizontal pipe called running trap could be used only near the drain of the floor area or yard and not provided with handhole cleanout. 5. Overflow pipe from fixture should be connected into the inlet side of the Trap. 6. The dip portion of the trap should be as short as possible to avoid retarded flow of water. Likewise, the horizontal leg connection to the waste pipe must be short for effective ventilation.
  • 14.  7. That, each fixture trap shall have its own trap. The following are exceptions to the rule: a. Two laundry trays and a kitchen sink connected to a single trap. b. Not more than 3 laundry tray using one trap and c. Three lavatories on a single trap.
  • 15. Drum Trap   The drum trap derived its name from its form and size being large in diameter. 1. For fixture that are set on the floor such as bath tubs, foot & sitz bath, etc. 2. For fixtures that discharges substantial amount of water wherein trap-seal loss is more prevalent. 3. Used as terminal for soda fountain, bar wastes and any type of indirect waste. 4. Designed in two types (a. 100 x 125 mm, b. 100 x 200mm)
  • 16. Advantages & Disadvantages if Drum Traps  Advantages 1. Greater amount of water may pass through it in a shorter interval without danger of trap seal loss. 2. It has a higher re-sealing quality than the P-trap. 1. 2. 3. 4. Disadvantages It is large and cumbersome It is unsightly if the installation is exposed. The cleanout mechanism is above the water seal. To clean the drum trap need lubricant and a fiber washer in the joint between the cove and the body of the trap.
  • 17.   The National Pluming Code has regulated the minimum diameter of traps and drain sizes to be installed depending upon the class of user for which the installation is to serve.
  • 18. Classifications of fixtures to be installed:  1. Class 1 – For Private Use applied to fixtures in residences, apartment and private bathroom of hotels and etc. 2. Class 2 – For Semi-Public Use applied to fixture in office buildings, factories, dormitories and etc. 3. Class 3 – For Public Use such as schools, gymnasium, hotels, railroad and bus terminals, public CR’s and etc.
  • 19.
  • 20. The House Trap   House Trap is a device installed in the house drain that act as barrier to prevent the gasses from the public sewer line or septic tank in circulating through the plumbing system of the house.
  • 21. Floor Drain Installation Recommendations:   A Floor Drain is a receptacle intended to receive water from the floor & convey into the plumbing system. Floor drain is usually installed on: a. b. c. d. Basement floor Near the heating equipment Below the kitchen sink Vicinity laundry
  • 22.  2. Every floor drain should be supplied with running water from a fixture nearby. 3. The 75 mm (3”) P-Trap is recommended for floor drain. It should be installed not more than 30cm below the floor line. 4. The trap should be Deep Seal type. 5. The trap may be of low inlet hub pattern.
  • 23. Grease Trap   It is a device installed on plumbing system serving kitchen of hotels, dining rooms, clubhouses and restaurant.
  • 24. Installation of Grease Trap  1. The grease trap should be installed as close to the fixtures as possible. 2. More than one fixture can discharge into the same trap provided that the trap has sufficient pipe size and the waste pipe is not very long. 3. Earth-Cooled Grease Trap is used on large installation and is most desirable type. 4. The basin width should be not less that 60cm long.
  • 25. 6. The minimum depth of concrete grease trap should not be less than 120 cm below the outlet invert. 7. The size of the grease trap is measured through the amount of fixture unit discharge. 
  • 26. The Sovent System   Is a recent development in drainage installation which is suitable for tall buildings. It almost completely eliminate the vent stack and other forms of ventilation with the same effectiveness.  Introduced in 1962 by Fritz Sommer of Switzerland, it was tested on a 10 storey drainage tower which has resulted in a satisfactory performance.  First used in the US in 1968 at the Uniment apartment in Richmond, Ca.
  • 27. The two line system   Often referred to as DWV, this system has been proven efficient plumbing system and universally accepted for years.
  • 28. However, the incorporation of the vent pipe in the plumbing system although promoting efficiency in the installation services, has also brought some of the problems enumerated as follows:  1. The routing and re-routing of the various kinds of vents. 2. Additional cost for materials and labor. 3. Space requirements.  In order to address this problems, a new concept of Plumbing System called Sovent System was introduced.
  • 29. Mechanics of the sovent system  1. A large amount of waste and sewage discharges form the fixtures could form like a slug that presses the air downward the pipe and create two kinds of forces such as pressure and suctions. 2. The downward force, called plus pressure create back flow of water seal in the P-Trap of lower fixtures, while the suction force called minus pressure create siphonage inside the pipe pulling down the water seal of the fixtures in the upper floor.
  • 30. 3. The Sovent function is to change the solid nature of the effluent by scattering them into drops or small blobs to fall like liquid in a shower. 4. Although the effluent rarely fills the soil pipe completely, still it has the action of a plunger. 5. In a single stack Sovent System vent piping is not necessary. 6. The Sovent action of reducing the positive and negative atmospheric pressure is done at each floor where the aeraor is installed. 
  • 31. 7. The effluent that was already aerated falling down from the upper floor is diverted in the soil stack at each lower floor. 8. The areator spatters or scatter the effluent in drops or small blobs wherin they are mixed with the air forming a rarefied mixture of air and liquid. 9. At the bottom portion of the single stack, the aerated effluent is compacted. 10. The deaerator consist of an air separation chamber with and internal nose piece, a  stack inlet, a pressure relief outlet at the top and an stack outlet at the bottom.
  • 32. Materials and Design   Copper was the original material used for Sovent systems. This is attributed for its proven record of quick, trouble-free installation.  Copper is also the material used for the Aerator and Dearator fittings.  The aerator is used as a terminal of the soil branch in each floor of a building while the deaerator is installed at the bottom portion of the soil.