civil engineer

1. Wastewater Networks Modeling Using
InfoWorks CS
Omar Habouch & Nicholas Broadbent
October 2009

2. Introduction
• Analytical tool to manage and maintain network models over a long time period.
• Share model data among a workgroup of users.
• Import model data from other systems. (Format restricted)
• View a geographical representation of the network on screen, with the network
displayed over the top of a detailed local map. (GIS)
• Enter rainfall and other time-series or event data (either recorded or synthetic).
• Perform hydraulic simulations to model the effects of a particular series of events.
• Produce reports and graphs, demonstrating the results of the simulations.
• Assess different scenarios/alternatives.
InfoWorks CS is a comprehensive software application for the management of
urban drainage network models. The software provides a master database for
storing network and hydraulic data and includes the routines necessary to
import, create and edit that data.

3. Why use InfoWorks CS?
• The system provides fast, accurate and stable hydraulic modelling of
the key elements of wastewater systems.
• The software incorporates full solution modelling of backwater effects
and reverse flow, trunk sewers, complex pipe connections and complex
ancillary structures.
• Interactive views (plan views, long sections, spreadsheet-style grids,
time-varying graphs, three-dimensional junction view and access to the
underlying data is available from any graphical or geographical view.
• All views can be animated to show, analyze, and report results.
• It contains comprehensive diagnostic error checking and warning
routines.
Wastewater modeling
• The data out is only as good as the data in..! Verify..!

4. Why use InfoWorks CS?
• Large scale surface water and sewerage master planning
• Implementation of SUDS using the water cycle, infiltration and inflow
methods
• Real Time Control for Urban Drainage systems
• Undertake hydraulic analysis of wastewater treatment works
• Combined / wastewater interceptor system design and analysis
• Flooding and pollution prediction
• Enables identification and justification of cost effective infrastructure
improvements
• Secondary drainage and urban storm water system assessment and
management (3rd
Party Reviews)
• Asset management tool in conjunction with InfoNET
Example applications

5. Why use InfoWorks CS?
Plan View
Trunk Sewer
Pump Sump
Pump
Rising Main
Sub-catchment

6. Why use InfoWorks CS?
Long Section
Trunk Sewer
Pump Sump
Rising Main
Head
Manhole
Ground Level

7. Why use InfoWorks CS?
• Ability to work with three types of databases (JET, Oracle, and SQL)
• Current and historical model network versions can be viewed.
• Data Flags are assigned to each asset attribute to identify its source.
(Audit trail)
• Produce detailed report about changes between two model versions.
• Storing data in a centralised and controlled database to maintain the
model data security in terms of data deletion and recovery.
• A group management approach can be achieved by several users on
the same project or multiple projects.
Database management system and audit trail

8. Recommended Modeling Flow Diagram*
Geographic/Demographic Data
Collection
Analysis:
Building the Model
Does the Model Exist?
No
Data Import
Extent and Level of Details
Identification
Data Import and adaptation to suit
InfoWork CS Modelling Environment
(if Required)
Model Simulation & AnalysisModel Verification & Re-verification
Reporting & Documentation
* Flow Chart adapted from Wessex Design Standard DS 520 (2008) and WaPUG Code of Practice for the Hydraulic Modelling Of Sewer Systems
Yes
• Manholes Naming
• Connectivity
• Outfalls
• Long Sections
• Ancillaries
• etc…
• Model Naming
• Dry Weather Flow Peaking Factors
• Model Testing
• Update to Design Horizon
• Model analysis
• Model Results
• Existing Flow Survey
• New Flow Survey

9. Data Import/Export
• All networks events and data from WASSP, WALLRUS and
HydroWorks.
• Data from MapInfo (e.g. contributing areas, road/roof polygon area, and
population data).
• AutoCAD DXF and DWG files, ESRI Shape files, data in delimited
ASCII, dBase DBF, Microsoft Access file formats and CSV files.
Data import
• All networks data and events required for simulation in HydroWorks.
• Network data and results to MapInfo and eventually to AutoCAD DXF
and DWG files, ESRI Shape and Intergraph/MicroStation Design
• To CSV files and subsequently to MS Excel or Access
Data export

10. Wastewater Diurnal Profile
• Flow fractions have to sum up to 24 when DP is taken for 24hrs
readings.

11. Sample Simulation

12. Sample Simulation

13. Analysis & Alternatives Comparison
Model Element Analysis/Comparison Aspect
Manhole Flood Depth, Flood Volume, Infiltration
Loss, Inflow, Level, Volume Lost, etc.
Pipe Flow, Froude Number, Hydraulic Gradient,
Infiltration Loss, Lateral Inflow, Surcharge
State, Velocity, etc.
Pump Flow, Pump State, etc.

14. Analysis & Alternatives Comparison
Pipe Surcharge State:
• <1 => Pipe is not surcharged
• 1.00 => Hydraulic gradient is less than
or equal to pipe gradient
• 2.00 => Hydraulic gradient is greater
than pipe gradient
Ground Level
Hydraulic
Gradient
Hydraulic
Gradient
HG
GL
HG
GL

15. Analysis & Alternatives Comparison
>A SP SU >Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _90>DWF
>A SP SU >Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _80>DWF
>A SP SU >Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _70>DWF
Level (m A D)
M in
-5.29 8
-5.29 9
-5.29 8
Max
-0.392
-1.849
-3.327
Multiple Simulations P lot P roduc ed by Habouc hO M (9/27/2009 12:10 :43 P M ) P age 1 of 1
Sim: >A SP SU>Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _90 >DWF (7/29/2009 1:25 :11 P M )
Sim: >A SP SU>Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _80 >DWF (7/29/2009 3:50 :39 P M )
Sim: >A SP SU>Run Group_1>A lternatives >FP s added to P S 5-12-17 _70 >DWF (7/29/2009 8:03 :38 P M )
Selection Lis t: C ustom Selec tion
Trial3- 90% population
Trial2- 80% population
Trial1- 70% population
1ST
Day 2nd
Day 3rd
Day

16. Case Studies
1. InfoWorks CS was used to:
• Model the full existing sewerage system of Sharjah City excluding the
principal pumping stations and pipes with diameters less than 400mm.
• Study the performance of the existing system based on short (2010),
medium (2020), and long (2027) terms.
• Evaluate options for proposed feasible enhancements.
2. Population data for a 20-year planning horizon was used in the model.
3. The model included:
• 65,349m of sewers
• 969 pipe (Dia ≥ 400mm)
• 995 manhole
• 13 Pumping station
Sharjah Sewerage and Stormwater Drainage Master Plan

17. Case Studies

18. Case Studies
Ajman Sewage Pumping Stations Upgrade
1. InfoWorks CS was used to:
• Import the existing sewage system elements from ESRI Shape files and
CSV files. These files were exported from Mike Urban which was used
to build the model originally by another consultant.
• Prepare the model physical elements to suit InfoWorks modelling
environment.
• Check the assumptions and criteria adopted by the other consultant and
amend wherever required.
• Study the performance of three existing principal pumping stations (17,
5 and 12) based on varying percentages (60 to 100%) of registered
population with an eye on the remaining system elements.
• Evaluate options for proposed feasible enhancements utilizing RTCs,
addition of future planned pumps, and replacement of pumps.
2. The model included:
• 252,203m of sewers
• 2,715 pipe (100 mm ≤ Dia ≤ 1100 mm)
• 2,709 manhole
• 21 Pumping station

19. Case Studies
PS5 PS17
PS12

20. Constrains when using InfoWorks
• InfoWorks requires validation through experimental data
in order to be considered a reliable tool (Artina, 2007).
• It is used as a comprehensive analysis tool; however, it
might be used as a design tool for small catchment or
network provided that the user is experienced in
modeling and sounds good technically.
• The software interface looks complex for new users;
however, it will be very useful once the modeler gets
hands on it.
• Some routines in the model are implemented in a way
which can’t be expected by modeler so that a support
from the software team might be required.

21. References
• Wastewater Planning Users Group. (2002). Code Of Practice For The
Hydraulic Modelling Of Sewer Systems (Version 3.001 ed.). Retrieved from
http://www.wapug.org.uk
• McMahon, M. (2008, April). Design Standard DS 520. In Design Standards
(p. 26). Wessex Water
• Wallingford Software Ltd. (n.d.). InfoWorks CS - Software for Wastewater on
Environmental Expert.
Retrieved September 27, 2009, from Environmental Expert website:
http://www.environmental-expert.com/stse_resulteach_product.aspx?
cid=3919&idproduct=2243
• InfoWorks CS documentation.
• Lockie, T. (2007). Catchment Modelling Using SWMM. In The 49th Water
New Zealand Annual Conference and Expo (pp. 1-9). Retrieved from
http://www.waternz.org.nz/documents/sigs/modelling/
technical_articles_2007/lockie_t.pdf

22. Model Functionality Comparison
SWMM 5.0 MOUSE / MIKE URBAN INFOWORKS CS
Flow Routing Dynamic Wave Dynamic Wave Dynamic Wave
Routing Engine
Explicit numerical engine can have stability issues
if the model not constructed and reviewed
carefully.
Implicit numerical engine, a stable and fast
hydraulic engine. Though it is considered to be a
slightly slower engine than InfoWorks.
Implicit numerical engine. Generally considered the
fastest and most stable fully dynamic engine.
Inlet Control No No Yes
Detention Storage Yes Yes Yes
RTC Yes Yes Yes
Pumps Yes Yes Yes
Irregular XS Yes Yes Yes
Surface Runoff
Utilizes a non-linear reservoir model to simulate
runoff.
Provides a number of surface runoff models, such
as a time area method and a Kinematic wave
model (Non Linear Reservoir Model). This model
behaves exactly the same as the SWMM non-linear
reservoir model
Provides a number of surface runoff models, including
the SWMM non-linear reservoir model.
Infiltration
Provides three infiltration options, Curve Number,
Horton’s Equation and Green Ampt.
In addition to the RDII model (see below) MOUSE
utilizes the Horton’s Equation or SCS Cur ve
Number to simulate infiltration.
Fixed PR Model (simple percentage), Green Ampt
Model, Horton Infiltration Model, New UK PR Model,
Wallingford Procedure Model, Constant Infiltration
Model, and US SCS Model.
RDII
Provides either unit hydrographs to simulate RDII
or a groundwater infiltration module to simulate
the influence of groundwater table on infiltration
flow.
MOUSE employs a complex RDII model.
Provides either unit hydrographs to simulate RDII or a
groundwater infiltration module to simulate the
influence of groundwater table on infiltration flow. As
per SWMM.
Continuous Simulation Yes Yes Yes
Pollutant Build Up / Washoff Yes Yes Yes
Pollutants Modeled Yes Yes Yes
Treatment Yes Yes Yes
LTS - Job List No
Yes - MOUSE provides a job list file which allows a
selected number of events to be run by the HD
model.
No
Statistics Yes Yes Yes
User Interface Basic user interface. Good user interface. Sophisticated user interface.
Data Management None
Reasonable data management with the scenar io
manager.
Excellent data management.
Result Display Reasonable Good Excellent
Support
No formal support, A SWMM Users List server,
allows subscribers to ask questions and
exchange information.
Comprehensive Comprehensive
Purchase Cost Free
~$15k to $40k dependant on pipe limitation and
modules selected.
~$30k to $60k dependant on node limitation selected.
Maintenance Cost Free ~10% of the purchase price ~15% of the purchase price.
Miscellaneous
Use Ability
Price
ItemTopic
Model
Hydraulics
Hydrology
Water Quality
* T. Lockie, 2007
Model Functionality Comparison*