The document discusses diesel power plants in India. It provides information on the types and classes of diesel fuel derived from crude oil. It then summarizes the estimated crude oil reserves in India as of 2012. The document outlines the main components and workings of a typical diesel power plant, including the diesel engine, generator, and other systems. It compares the advantages and disadvantages of diesel power plants versus other power sources. Lastly, it provides some statistics on diesel power production and capacity in India.
2. Diesel fuel is derived from crude oil.
Mixture of hydrogen and carbon molecules.
Has a Net Calorific Value of 43400 KJ/Kg.
Diesel fuels are broken up into 3 different classes: 1D(#1),
2D(#2) and 4D(#4). The difference between these classes
depends on viscosity (the property of a fluid that causes a
resistance to the fluid’s flow) and pour point (the temperature at
which a fluid will flow).
3. 45%
1%
23%
3%
18%
9%
1%
Estimated Reserves of crude oil in India as
on 31.3.12
Western Offshore
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Eastern Offshore
Gujarat
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Estimated reserves of crude oil in India as on 31.03.2012 stood at 759.59 million tonnes (MT)
4. The diesel electric power plants are chiefly used in
the following field:
Peak load Plant- Used in combination with
thermal or hydro-plants as peak load units.
Mobile Plant.
Standby unit.
Emergency Plant.
Starting Stations- For starting a large steam power
plant,
8. Air intake system:
It consists of compressor, filter and pipes for the
supply of air.
Its work is to supply fresh air to the engine for
combustion purpose.
Exhaust system:
It discharges the engine exhaust to the atmosphere.
It consists of exhaust pipes and silencer.
Fuel System:
This includes fuel storage tank, fuel pump, fuel transfer
pump, strainers and heaters. Strainers are provided to
remove the suspended impurities.
Heaters are required to heat the oil to reduce oil
viscosity to reduce pumping power, especially during
winter seasons.
9. Cooling System:
This includes oil pumps, oil tanks, filters, coolers
and connecting pipes.
It keeps the temperature of the piston and cylinder surfaces
reasonable, thus prevent from the overheating of the
engine.
Generally water cooled.
Lubricating system:
It keeps the moving parts of the engine slide freely past
each other thus reduces engine friction and wear.
Reduces noise by absorbing vibration, etc.
Starting system: The engine is started by
Auxiliary engine mounted near main engine.
By using an electric motor.
By compressed air.
10. Generator:
The generators used in
diesel power plants are
of rotating field, speed
ranging from 214 to 1000
rpm.
The excitation is usually
provided at 115 to 230 V
from a DC exciter, usually
coupled to the engine
shaft through a belt.
Mitsubishi (18KU-30) 5.2MW 50Hz Power
generator
11. Highly efficient.
Thermal efficiency more than that of Steam Power plant of same size.
Efficiency can be given as:
Overall Efficiency=
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟+𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠
12. Power Station State Capacity(MW)
GMR Vasavi Diesel Power Plant Tamil Nadu 200
Kozhikode Diesel Power Station Kerala 128
Yelahanka Diesel Power Station Karnataka 127.92
Brahmapuram Diesel Power Station Kerala 106.6
Suryachakra Diesel Power Station Andaman & Nicobar 20
Bemina Diesel Power Station Jammu & Kashmir 5
Leh Diesel Power Station Jammu & Kashmir 2.18
Ambala Diesel Power Station Haryana 2.18
Upper Sindh Diesel Power Station Jammu & Kashmir 1.7
Keylong Diesel Power Station Himachal Pradesh 0.13
Kamah Diesel Power Station Jammu & Kashmir 0.06
Gangtok Diesel Power Station Sikkim 4
Ranipool Diesel Power Station Sikkim 1
As on July 31, 2010, and as per the Central Electricity Authority the total installed
capacity of Diesel based power plants in India is 1,199.75 MW.
13. Fairly accepted all over the world.
Easy way of power generation on small scale.
Most reliable form of power generation when it comes to
emergency.
14. Compound Annual growth rate of power production in
India by high speed diesel from 1970-71 to 2011-12 is
-5.13%.
Growth rate of 2011-12 over 2010-11 is 1.2%.
India is highly dependent on import of crude oil. Both
gross and net imports of crude oil have increased from
11.68 MTs during 1970-71 to 171.73 MTs during 2011-12,
there has been an annual increase of 4.97% during 2011-
12 over 2010-11.
15. It is the world's largest
diesel power plant
possessing a nominal
capacity of 200MW
Has 4 units of Hyundai-MAN
B&W low speed diesel
generating set ( 12K90MC-S
type) constructed by us in
1998.
Each engine is 70,000
horsepower 2- stroke
engine, and is as high as a
five story building.
16. Advantages Disadvantages
Simple design & layout of plant High running charges due to costly price of
Diesel
Occupies less space & is compact Generates small amount of power
Can be started quickly and picks up load in
a short time
Plant does not work efficiently under
prolonged overload conditions
Requires less water for cooling Cost of lubrication very high
Thermal efficiency better that of Steam
Power plant of same size
Maintenance charges are generally high
Overall cost is cheaper than that of Steam
Power plant of same size
Burning diesel fuel creates greenhouse gas
emissions and other air pollutants
No stand-by losses
17. The prime mover supplies the energy to the generator
system, and requires an accurate governor to produce stable
frequency under changing loads. The alternator, voltage
regulator, and other controls are required to create and
deliver quality AC to the transfer switch to be fed to the
critical loads.
Weighing the pros and cons they quite efficient but costly
and definitely not for long run due to finite reserves of
crude oil.