1.
Detecting Security Breaches With Docker,
Honeypots, & Nagios
Spenser Reinhardt
sreinhardt@nagios.com
Github: sreinhardt
Docker: sreinhardt
Personal: Ask Me

2.
Presentation Goals
What you talkin' bout Willis?
• Basics of Docker containerization virtualization
• What is a honeypot?
• Why are they valuable to me and my infrastructure?
• Where does Nagios fit in?
• Demos!
• How exactly do I profit from this?

3.
Docker Basics
What is “Docker” and why do I care?
• Lightweight virtualization
• Near instant application service recovery
• Block level file system differential snapshots
• Heavy isolation between host and guest
• Optional instant revert to previous snapshots on guest shutdown
• Easy file and network sharing between host and containers

4.
Getting Started With Docker
● Dockerfiles
● Github.com
● Docker.com
● Automatic builds
● Instant differential updates
#start with ubuntu
FROM ubuntu:latest
MAINTAINER Spenser Reinhardt
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
#copy and build
COPY ./install.sh ./install.sh
RUN chmod +x ./install.sh
RUN ./install.sh
#cleanup
RUN mv /install.log /opt/[project]/install.log && apt-get clean
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /install.sh
#Post-build docker info
EXPOSE [ports]
WORKDIR /opt/[project]
#CMD ["binary-to-start"]

5.
Dockerfiles
● FROM: Base image to use
● MAINTAINER: Who controls the container
configuration.
● COPYADD: Add a file from the host or web to
the container.
● RUN: Run a command or script in the
container.
● EXPOSE: Open port to container to both host
and other containers.
● WORKDIR: Change working directory for all
future commands.
● ENTRYPOINT: Sets the binary to start by
default. Otherwise it is “/bin/sh -c”
● CMD: Arguments needed for the entrypoint
binary
#start with ubuntu
FROM ubuntu:latest
MAINTAINER Spenser Reinhardt
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
#copy and build
COPY ./install.sh ./install.sh
RUN chmod +x ./install.sh
RUN ./install.sh
#cleanup
RUN mv /install.log /opt/[project]/install.log && apt-get clean
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /install.sh
#Post-build docker info
EXPOSE [ports]
WORKDIR /opt/[project]
ENTRYPOINT [“binary/to/start”]
CMD ["Arguements", “for”, “binary”]

6.
Github and Docker
● Automated linking of github and bitbucket repositories
● Builds from directory with Dockerfile only
● Automated builds on git push, or on command
● Automated linking and building of linked containers

7.
Github.com – Automated Builds

8.
Docker.com – Automated Builds

9.
Honeypots
● Emulation of operating systems, services, and
applications.
● High Interaction – Full OS or applications, must be
reverted to a snapshot or reinstalled after an attack.
● Low Interaction – Emulated OS or application, most
spawn separate process for attacker, save results and
cleanup after session, like most daemons.
● All interactions are suspicious activity

10.
Honeynet Project
● Nepenthes – Low int, many applications and services
● Dionaea – Low int, successor to Nepenthes
● Glastopf – Web application honeypot
● Kippo – SSH emulation and capture
● Thug – Client web browser
● Conpot – ICSSCADA emulation
● Honeybrid – Intelligent firewall, filtering and classification
● Bifrozt – SSH proxy and information collector

11.
Border Honeynets

12.
Internal Honeynets

13.
Docker Honeynet Network

14.
Nagios Monitoring Network

15.
Dynamic Iptables Rules

16.
Putting It All Together
(Nagios XI)

17.
Putting It All Together
(Nagios Log Monitor)

18.
Putting It All Together
(Nagios Network Analyzer)

19.
Nagios XI
● Monitors Docker containers and applications on host
● Event handlers restart, save and restart, or killl containers.
● Event handlers to disconnect and log abusive
connections.
● Active view of all parts working in the system
● Notification management

20.
Nagios Network Analyzer
● Collect flow data from:
– Host external interface
– Honeybrid internal interface
● Trigger abusive and oversized
disconnections with filters

21.
Nagios Log Server
● Collect and store all logs.
● Advanced parsing and filtering.
● Deep correlation between systems and events.
● Distributed storage and computation.

22.
Glastopf
● Web application specific honeypot
● Hosts only ports:
– 80
– 443
● Full PHP emulated virtual environment
● Emulated sql backend

23.
Web Attack

24.
Log Server Respnse

25.
Dionaea
● General purpose honeypot
● Expandable through plugins and modules
● Full shellcode emulation
● By default hosts applications on:
– 21(ftp), 69(tftp), 135(emap), 445(smb), 1443(mssql),
3306(mysql), 5060-5061(sip), 63001-64000(ftp)

26.
Samba Attack

27.
Log Server Response

28.
Kippo
● SSH specific honeypot
● Full virtual shell emulation
● Daemon attack emulation
● Only port 22/2222

29.
SSH Attack

30.
Log Server Response

31.
Conpot
● Industrial Control Systems(ICS) Supervisory Control and
Data Acquisition (SCADA)
● Defaults to building device control system
● Full Shellcode emulation
● Several services available by default
– 80(http), 161(snmp), 503(modbus)

32.
Conclusion
● Docker's has some really cool uses!
● Honeynet has some amazing projects!
● Combining these with a little nagios magic, makes for
really interesting security!
● https://github.com/sreinhardt/Honeynet
● https://docker.com/sreinhardt/Honeynet

33.
Questions?
Spenser Reinhardt
sreinhardt@nagios.com
Github: sreinhardt
Docker: sreinhardt
Personal: Ask Me