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Place-Making
      &
Public Space
     Aaron Naparstek
  Harvard University Loeb Fellow
       Streetsblog Founder

    Monday, January 9, 2012
   Boston Cyclists Union Forum
The 20th century was the century of the automobile.
We went to great lengths to transform our cities to accommodate
                        the automobile.




       Before 1922                              After1922




        Manhattan’s Park Avenue at 50th Street looking north
1913




        2005




"Erosion of cities by automobiles entails so familiar a series of events
that they hardly need describing. The erosion proceeds as a kind of
nibbling                                           -- Jane Jacobs
Our transportation policies have been designed to move as many
                        cars as possible.
City streets weren’t always the sole domain of automobiles.
Traffic undermined neighborhood life.
Today we are left with cities where motor vehicles largely dominate
                            public space.
The Casey Overpass -- quite literally – places the automobile above
              other aspects of neighborhood life.
Bostonians might be skeptical about the promise of public space.




                      Boston City Hall Plaza
Today we know a lot more about how to create, evaluate and
        maintain great streets and public spaces.




                   Copenhagen, Denmark
Boston also has some of America’s loveliest urban public spaces.




                        Post Office Square
Successful public spaces attract people.
 The city’s greatest attraction is people.




    Portland, Oregon’s Pioneer Square
What attracts people to public space?
Sometimes simple things: Like a place to sit.




      Portland, Oregon’s Pioneer Square
What attracts people to public space?
Sometimes simple things: Like a place to sit.




 Times Square, NYC. The new TKTS stairway.
What attracts people to public space?
               People!




  Before                         After

Broadway at Times Square. Now car-free.
Seating in public space can be movable and temporary.
             In fact, people like that a lot.




        Broadway at Times Square. Now car-free.
Management and programming of public space is very important.




                  New York City’s Bryant Park
                   Nobody steals the chairs!
The City is the original interactive media.




       New York City’s Herald Square
Great public spaces facilitate exchange along the edges of the
                             space.




                 Piazza del Campo, Siena, Italy.
Good public spaces are built with human senses, speeds and scale
                             in mind.




   Beyond about 100 meters we can’t easily see or talk to each other.
                A space no longer feels human-scale.
The Casey Overpass is not a human-scale piece of infrastructure.
Portland, Oregon’s Harbor Drive.




       Before




        After




Portland was the first major US city to tear down an urban freeway. 1974.
San Francisco’s Central Freeway.
San Francisco’s Embarcadero Freeway.
New York City’s West Side Highway.
Milwaukee’s Park East Freeway.
Seoul, South Korea’s Cheonggycheon highway
                      .
The Casey Overpass was built to “bust a bottleneck” – to relieve
                    traffic congestion.




                 Boston Globe, December 2, 1951.
        Did it work? Did Boston traffic get better after 1953?
The Casey Overpass was built to defend JP from Soviet nuclear
                         attack.




 “This will be one of the most vital projects from the standpoint of civil
  defense, and also for the whole defense effort. In case of attack on
Boston it would be an evacuation route.” – MDC Chair Edgar F. Copell
So, now it’s time to defend JP once again.




      I-95 Community Protest Mural.
Memorial Drive at the Boston University Bridge.

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Highway Removal, Placemaking & Public Space

  • 1. Place-Making & Public Space Aaron Naparstek Harvard University Loeb Fellow Streetsblog Founder Monday, January 9, 2012 Boston Cyclists Union Forum
  • 2. The 20th century was the century of the automobile.
  • 3. We went to great lengths to transform our cities to accommodate the automobile. Before 1922 After1922 Manhattan’s Park Avenue at 50th Street looking north
  • 4. 1913 2005 "Erosion of cities by automobiles entails so familiar a series of events that they hardly need describing. The erosion proceeds as a kind of nibbling -- Jane Jacobs
  • 5. Our transportation policies have been designed to move as many cars as possible.
  • 6. City streets weren’t always the sole domain of automobiles.
  • 8. Today we are left with cities where motor vehicles largely dominate public space.
  • 9. The Casey Overpass -- quite literally – places the automobile above other aspects of neighborhood life.
  • 10. Bostonians might be skeptical about the promise of public space. Boston City Hall Plaza
  • 11. Today we know a lot more about how to create, evaluate and maintain great streets and public spaces. Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 12. Boston also has some of America’s loveliest urban public spaces. Post Office Square
  • 13. Successful public spaces attract people. The city’s greatest attraction is people. Portland, Oregon’s Pioneer Square
  • 14. What attracts people to public space? Sometimes simple things: Like a place to sit. Portland, Oregon’s Pioneer Square
  • 15. What attracts people to public space? Sometimes simple things: Like a place to sit. Times Square, NYC. The new TKTS stairway.
  • 16. What attracts people to public space? People! Before After Broadway at Times Square. Now car-free.
  • 17. Seating in public space can be movable and temporary. In fact, people like that a lot. Broadway at Times Square. Now car-free.
  • 18. Management and programming of public space is very important. New York City’s Bryant Park Nobody steals the chairs!
  • 19. The City is the original interactive media. New York City’s Herald Square
  • 20. Great public spaces facilitate exchange along the edges of the space. Piazza del Campo, Siena, Italy.
  • 21. Good public spaces are built with human senses, speeds and scale in mind. Beyond about 100 meters we can’t easily see or talk to each other. A space no longer feels human-scale.
  • 22. The Casey Overpass is not a human-scale piece of infrastructure.
  • 23. Portland, Oregon’s Harbor Drive. Before After Portland was the first major US city to tear down an urban freeway. 1974.
  • 26. New York City’s West Side Highway.
  • 28. Seoul, South Korea’s Cheonggycheon highway .
  • 29. The Casey Overpass was built to “bust a bottleneck” – to relieve traffic congestion. Boston Globe, December 2, 1951. Did it work? Did Boston traffic get better after 1953?
  • 30. The Casey Overpass was built to defend JP from Soviet nuclear attack. “This will be one of the most vital projects from the standpoint of civil defense, and also for the whole defense effort. In case of attack on Boston it would be an evacuation route.” – MDC Chair Edgar F. Copell
  • 31. So, now it’s time to defend JP once again. I-95 Community Protest Mural. Memorial Drive at the Boston University Bridge.