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Digitization in Europe
Nick Poole, CEO, Collections Trust
2
I spend time in places like this….

3
…and this…

4
…and sometimes even this

5
Collections Trust Mission

    “Working with and on behalf of our
    members, we promote excellence
    and innovation in Collections
    Management and positively
    champion collections and their
    public value within the museum,
    arts & related heritage sectors.”

    We make things…




6
A single point of access to 23m digital cultural assets, of which
           20m were published as open data under CC0 yesterday

7
8
Things to talk about today...

1. Digitization supply and demand

2. Making the business case for Digitization

3. Putting Digitization into action
The continuum of use…
                        CONTENT




      A BIT                        A LOT




                        METADATA
 10
The continuum of use…
                        CONTENT
              FUN




      A BIT                        A LOT




                        METADATA
 11
The continuum of use…
                        CONTENT
              FUN




      A BIT                                   A LOT




                                   RESEARCH




                        METADATA
 12
The continuum of use…
                               CONTENT
              FUN


                    LEARNING
         OUTREACH




      A BIT                                          A LOT




                                          RESEARCH




                               METADATA
 13
The continuum of use…
                               CONTENT
              FUN


                    LEARNING
         OUTREACH




      A BIT                                                          A LOT
                                                            AGGREGATION



                                                 RESEARCH


                                          COLLECTIONS
                                          MANAGEMENT        DATA MINING

                               METADATA
 14
The continuum of use…
                               CONTENT
              FUN

                                   Digitize relatively few things & invest in
                    LEARNING
         OUTREACH                      depth, description & promotion




      A BIT                                                             A LOT
                                                             AGGREGATION



                                                  RESEARCH


                                          COLLECTIONS
                                          MANAGEMENT          DATA MINING

                               METADATA
 15
The continuum of use…
                                             CONTENT
              FUN

                                                     Digitize relatively few things & invest in
                            LEARNING
         OUTREACH                                        depth, description & promotion




      A BIT                                                                               A LOT
                                                                               AGGREGATION



        Digitize lots of things and put relatively                  RESEARCH
       little effort into description & promotion

                                                           COLLECTIONS
                                                           MANAGEMENT           DATA MINING

                                            METADATA
 16
To put it another way…




 17
18
In the future, our Digitization
     strategies need to be based on
     evidence, not faith.




19
20
How much would it cost to digitise
     everything in Europe’s museums,
     archives and libraries?

21
22
“The estimated total cost of digitizing the collections of Europe’s
museums, archives and libraries is €100bn, or €10bn per annum for
the next decade, factoring an efficiency gain of 0.5% per annum.”

“The ‘eligible’ collections of Europe’s museums (ie. collections not too
fragile to digitize or otherwise not considered appropriate for
digitization) include approximately 221m natural objects and 265m
man-made artefacts”

“Digitizing these collections would cost between €13.75bn and
€63.27bn (mean €38.51bn)”



23
There’s no way any sane person would approach the problem this
way…

First, you have to prioritise the collections by significance

Then you have to decide on the end-product that would satisfy your
intended use

Then you have to account for your institutional capabilities

Then you have to decide whether to do it yourself or go into
partnership


24
All (admittedly incomplete) evidence suggests that monetising
collections content & metadata costs more than it yields

Where institutions are monetising, it is on the basis of strong brand
equity, unique or iconic items and added-value assets (eg. 3D models)

Cultural institutions rarely apply full economic costing when assessing
the revenue potential of image licensing

There is no evidence to support or counter the principle that open
access to collections cannibalises commercial revenue




25
What do we know about how
     museums, archives & libraries are
     approaching Digitization?

26
83% are digitizing
 c.20% of eligible material has been digitized already
 34% have a written Digitization Strategy
 31% have a policy for how Digitized collections will be used
 23% have a Digital Preservation Strategy
 87% of Digitization funding is sourced internally
 3.3% of staffing works directly on Digitization
27
28
Digitization is an industrial process which
     benefits considerably from economies of
     scale

     The efficiency of digitization, quality control
     and enhancement improves significantly
     over time

     The better-integrated digitization is into the
     existing practice, policies and workflows of
     the institution, the more efficient it will be

29
Digitization models…
                        CONTROLLED
                        BY PARTNER
          PPP




   LOW                                           HIGH
CAPITAL                COORDINATED               CAPITAL
   COST                                          COSTS




                                       DISTRIBUTED

                       CONTROLLED BY
 30                     INSTITUTION
Open Digitization Project

     A collaborative initiative between the Collections Trust, Open Rights Group,
     Open Knowledge Foundation, Google, Wikipedia and cultural institutions

     Defining a new workflow for Digitisation that emphasises the creation of open,
     re-usable assets through participation at key points in the process:




     SELECTION        CAPTURE        DESCRIPTION     DISTRIBUTION      PRESERVATION




                                                    www.opendigitisation.org

31
What did we learn?




32
The digitization model has to be tuned to the nature of
     the material and the needs of the audience

     Digitization is not a project – it works best when
     integrated as a core element of service delivery

     Long-term strategy, short-term priorities (and shorter-
     term funding)

     You have to start somewhere and learn on the way – the
     worst thing you can do is wait until you have all the
     answers in place


33
Keep in touch!

Nick Poole
@NickPoole1

www.collectionslink.org.uk
www.slideshare.net/nickpoole



34

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March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic SupportMarch 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
 

Digitisation in Europe

  • 1. Digitization in Europe Nick Poole, CEO, Collections Trust
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  • 3. I spend time in places like this…. 3
  • 6. Collections Trust Mission “Working with and on behalf of our members, we promote excellence and innovation in Collections Management and positively champion collections and their public value within the museum, arts & related heritage sectors.” We make things… 6
  • 7. A single point of access to 23m digital cultural assets, of which 20m were published as open data under CC0 yesterday 7
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  • 9. Things to talk about today... 1. Digitization supply and demand 2. Making the business case for Digitization 3. Putting Digitization into action
  • 10. The continuum of use… CONTENT A BIT A LOT METADATA 10
  • 11. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN A BIT A LOT METADATA 11
  • 12. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN A BIT A LOT RESEARCH METADATA 12
  • 13. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN LEARNING OUTREACH A BIT A LOT RESEARCH METADATA 13
  • 14. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN LEARNING OUTREACH A BIT A LOT AGGREGATION RESEARCH COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT DATA MINING METADATA 14
  • 15. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN Digitize relatively few things & invest in LEARNING OUTREACH depth, description & promotion A BIT A LOT AGGREGATION RESEARCH COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT DATA MINING METADATA 15
  • 16. The continuum of use… CONTENT FUN Digitize relatively few things & invest in LEARNING OUTREACH depth, description & promotion A BIT A LOT AGGREGATION Digitize lots of things and put relatively RESEARCH little effort into description & promotion COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT DATA MINING METADATA 16
  • 17. To put it another way… 17
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  • 19. In the future, our Digitization strategies need to be based on evidence, not faith. 19
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  • 21. How much would it cost to digitise everything in Europe’s museums, archives and libraries? 21
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  • 23. “The estimated total cost of digitizing the collections of Europe’s museums, archives and libraries is €100bn, or €10bn per annum for the next decade, factoring an efficiency gain of 0.5% per annum.” “The ‘eligible’ collections of Europe’s museums (ie. collections not too fragile to digitize or otherwise not considered appropriate for digitization) include approximately 221m natural objects and 265m man-made artefacts” “Digitizing these collections would cost between €13.75bn and €63.27bn (mean €38.51bn)” 23
  • 24. There’s no way any sane person would approach the problem this way… First, you have to prioritise the collections by significance Then you have to decide on the end-product that would satisfy your intended use Then you have to account for your institutional capabilities Then you have to decide whether to do it yourself or go into partnership 24
  • 25. All (admittedly incomplete) evidence suggests that monetising collections content & metadata costs more than it yields Where institutions are monetising, it is on the basis of strong brand equity, unique or iconic items and added-value assets (eg. 3D models) Cultural institutions rarely apply full economic costing when assessing the revenue potential of image licensing There is no evidence to support or counter the principle that open access to collections cannibalises commercial revenue 25
  • 26. What do we know about how museums, archives & libraries are approaching Digitization? 26
  • 27. 83% are digitizing c.20% of eligible material has been digitized already 34% have a written Digitization Strategy 31% have a policy for how Digitized collections will be used 23% have a Digital Preservation Strategy 87% of Digitization funding is sourced internally 3.3% of staffing works directly on Digitization 27
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  • 29. Digitization is an industrial process which benefits considerably from economies of scale The efficiency of digitization, quality control and enhancement improves significantly over time The better-integrated digitization is into the existing practice, policies and workflows of the institution, the more efficient it will be 29
  • 30. Digitization models… CONTROLLED BY PARTNER PPP LOW HIGH CAPITAL COORDINATED CAPITAL COST COSTS DISTRIBUTED CONTROLLED BY 30 INSTITUTION
  • 31. Open Digitization Project A collaborative initiative between the Collections Trust, Open Rights Group, Open Knowledge Foundation, Google, Wikipedia and cultural institutions Defining a new workflow for Digitisation that emphasises the creation of open, re-usable assets through participation at key points in the process: SELECTION CAPTURE DESCRIPTION DISTRIBUTION PRESERVATION www.opendigitisation.org 31
  • 32. What did we learn? 32
  • 33. The digitization model has to be tuned to the nature of the material and the needs of the audience Digitization is not a project – it works best when integrated as a core element of service delivery Long-term strategy, short-term priorities (and shorter- term funding) You have to start somewhere and learn on the way – the worst thing you can do is wait until you have all the answers in place 33
  • 34. Keep in touch! Nick Poole @NickPoole1 www.collectionslink.org.uk www.slideshare.net/nickpoole 34