3. THE FOLLOWING PRACTICES OF DEDICATED
PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS MAY HELP US IN THE
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE CHALKBOARD :
Write clearlyand legibly on theboard. Take note that there arechildren in the
last rows.
It helps if you havea hard copy of your chalkboard diagram oroutline. That helps
you to visualize the diagram oroutline you like to appear on the chalkboard. That
clean diagram and organized outline must match what you do on the
chalkboard.
Don’t crowd your notes on the board work. By overcrowding your board work,
your students may fail to seethe key ideas. They may notseethe trees because of
the forest.
Make use of colored chalk tohighlight keypoints. Color will also make your
board more appealing
5. If you need to replace your chalkboard or if you are having a new
classroom with new chalkboard suggest to the carpenter to mount
the chalkboard a little concave from left to right to avoid glare for
the pupils benefit.
If you need to have a board work in advance or that need to be
saved for tomorrow’s use, write “Please Save” and cover with the
same curtain.
Make fulluse of the chalkboard. It may be traditional educational
technology but it serves its purpose very well when used correctly.
6. CHALKBOARD TECHNIQUES
Sharpen your chalk toget good line quality.
Standwith your elbow high.Move along as you
write.
Use dots as “aiming points.”This keeps writing level.
Make all writing orprinting between2 and 4 inches
highfor legibility.
Whenusing colored chalk, use soft chalk so thatit can
be erased easily.
7. Overhead Projector
An overhead projector is a variantof slide
projectorthat isused to displayimages to an
audience.
8. The Overhead Projector
Advantages of The OHP. Brown (1969):
The projector itselfis simple to operate.
The overhead projector is used in the front of the room by the
instructor, who has complete control of the sequence, timing,
and manipulation of his material.
Facing his class and observing students reactions, the
instructor can guide his audience, control its attention, and
regulate the flow of information in the presentation.
9. Theprojected image behind the instructor can be as large as necessary for all
in the audience to see; itis clear and bright, even in fairly well lighted room.
Since the transparency, as it is placed on the projector, is seen by the
instructor exactly as the students seeit on the screen, hemay point, write, or
otherwise makeindications upon it to facilitate communications.
Thestage (projection surface) of the projector is large (10 by 10 inches),thus
allowing the teacher to write information with ease orto show prepared
transparencies. His/her work appears immediately onthe screen.
It is specially easy for teachers and students to create theirownmaterials for
use in the overhead projector.
There is an increasing number of high quality commercial transparencies.
10. Overhead Projection Technique
Features of overhead projection :
You can show pictures and diagrams, using a pointer on the transparency to direct
attention to a detail. The silhouette of you pointer will show in motion in the screen.
You can use a felt pen or wax-based pencil to add details or to make points in the
transparency during projection. The marks of water-based pens and pencils can be
removed with a soft cloth so that the transparency can be reused.
You can control the rate of presenting information by covering a transparency with a
sheet of paper or cardboard (opaque material) and then exposing data as you are
ready to discuss each point. This is known as the progressive disclosure technique.
You can superimpose additional transparency sheets as a overlays on a base
transparency so as to separate processes and complex ideas into elements and present
them in step-by-step order.
11. You can show three dimensional objects from the stage of the
projector-in silhouette if the object is opaque, or in color if an
object is made of transparent color plastic.
For special purposes you cansimulate motion, on parts of a
transparencies by using the effects of polarized light.
You can simultaneously project on anadjacent screen other
visualmaterials, usuallyslides or motion pictures, which
illustrateor apply the generalizations shown on a
transparencies.
12. Other reminders on the effective use
of the OHP :
Stand off to one side of the OHP while you face the students. Don’t
talkto the screen.
Face the students when you talk, not the screen.
Place the OHP to your right, if you are right handed, and to your left, if
you are left handed.
Place the OHP on a table low enough so that it does not block you or
the screen.
Have the top of the screen tilted forward towards the OHP to prevent
the “keystone effect” (where the top of the screen is larger thanthe
bottom).
13. Avoid mistake of including too muchdetail on each
image.
Avoid large tableof figures.
Don’t read thetext on your slide.
Avoid too much text.
Your presentationmustbe readable from afar.
14. We can learn from the experiences of others.
Brown (1969). Enumerates effective
practices. Let’s learn from them.
• In primary grades, simple object like keys, leaves, and cutout paper shapes
can be placed directly on the projector to stimulate children’s imagination
and encourage discussion.
• In English composition lessons, student themes or writing exercises can be
reproduced in film by means of the heat or photo copy process. The teacher
and students can analyze the writing for style and grammar as each example
isprojected.
• In arithmetic, blank sheets of acetate and grease pencils can be given to
selected students. Have them prepare solutions to homework problems so
theclass mayevaluateand discuss theirresults.
