After midsem-slides-1224252673846877-9 nirav

V BBM ‘B’ BUSINESS LAW CLASS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Module I. BUSINESS LAWS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definition of Law by Salmond ,[object Object],[object Object]

Object of law ,[object Object]

Need for the knowledge of law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BUSINESS LAWS ,[object Object]

Sources of Business Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Module: II Law of Contract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OBJECT OF LAW OF CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object]

‘ JUS IN REM ’ & ‘ JUS IN PERSONAM ’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definition of Contract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definition of Promise ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Consensus ad idem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Obligation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Obligation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

All contracts are agreements, but all agreements are not necessarily contracts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONTRACT : ,[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONTRACT : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONTRACT : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONTRACT : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONTRACT : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classification of Contracts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1.Classification according to ‘ Validity ’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classification of Contract ……… ,[object Object],[object Object]

Cont ’ d … .. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Cont ’ d … .. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cont ’ d … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cont ’ d …… .. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.Classification according to ‘ Formation ’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cont ’ d …… . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contracts ……… classified. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

III. Classification according to ‘ Performance ’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

… .. Classification according to ‘ Performance ’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 1. ,[object Object],[object Object]

VERDICT OF CASE 1. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 2. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

VERDICT OF CASE 2. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 3. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

VERDICT OF CASE 3. ,[object Object]

CASE 4. ,[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 5. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

VERDICT OF CASE 5. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 6. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE 7. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OFFER & ACCEPTANCE ,[object Object]

Offer [ Proposal ] ,[object Object],[object Object]

PROMISOR-PROMISEE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How an offer is made ,[object Object],[object Object]

…… How an offer is made ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

‘ Specific ’ and ‘ General ’ Offer … .. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What constitutes an offer … . … ,[object Object],[object Object]

What constitutes an offer … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LEGAL RULES AS TO OFFER ,[object Object],[object Object]

…… LEGAL RULES AS TO OFFER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

…… LEGAL RULES AS TO OFFER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Legal rules as to offer …… .. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

………… ..6.A statement of price is not an offer . HARVEY Vs. FACEY,[1893] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Special Terms of Contract ,[object Object]

…… Special Terms of Contract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example of Special Terms of Contract ,[object Object],[object Object]

Example of Special Terms of Contract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Agreement to agree in future , is not a contract. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ACCEPTANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Acceptance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example of ‘an acceptance of a particular offer’. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Acceptance of a general offer ,[object Object],[object Object]

Legal Rules as to Acceptance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

… ..Legal Rules as to Acceptance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. It must be absolute and unconditional i.e., it must conform with the offer. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

……… .1.It must be absolute and unconditional i.e., it must conform with the offer . ,[object Object],[object Object]

……… .1.It must be absolute and unconditional i.e., it must conform with the offer . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.It must be communicated to the offeror ,[object Object],[object Object]

2.It must be communicated to the offeror ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.It must be communicated to the offeror ,[object Object]

3.It must be according to the mode prescribed or usual and reasonable mode . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

4. It must be given within a reasonable time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.It cannot precede an offer. ,[object Object],[object Object]

6.It must show an intention on the part of the acceptor to fulfill terms of the promise. ,[object Object]

7.Must be given by the party or parties to whom the offer is made. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

8.It must be given before the offer lapses or before the offer is withdrawn.

9.It cannot be implied from silence. ,[object Object]

Communication of Offer , Acceptance and Revocation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

When is communication complete [Sec.4] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

When is communication complete[S.4] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

When is communication complete … .. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

When is communication complete …… ,[object Object],[object Object]

Time for Revocation of Offer and Acceptance (Sec.5) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OFFER AND ACCEPTANCE:PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solution for Case.1 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Case 2. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Solution for Case.2 ,[object Object]

Case.3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case.4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solution for Case.4 ,[object Object]

Case.5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case.6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solution for Case. 6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CONSIDERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Abdul Aziz vs. Masum Ali(1914) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Kedarnath vs. Gauri Mohammad Calcutta [1886] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definition of Consideration [Section 2(d) of Indian Contract Act,1872] ,[object Object]

Analysis of Definition of Consideration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Need for Consideration ,[object Object]

Legal Rules as to Consideration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Legal Rules as to Consideration ……… . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Legal Rules as to Consideration ……… . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Legal Rules as to Consideration ……… . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STRANGER TO CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Two Consequences of the “ Doctrine of Privity of Contract ” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co.Ltd. Vs. Selfridge & Co.Ltd.,(1915) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Exceptions to the rule “ stranger to a contract cannot sue. ” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Exceptions to the rule “ stranger to a contract cannot sue. ” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Exceptions to the rule “stranger to a contract cannot sue.” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“ No consideration, no contract” -Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“ No consideration, no contract” -Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object]

Examples: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nearness of relationship, however does not necessarily imply natural love and affection. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“ No consideration, no contract”. -Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A contract without consideration is void -Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object]

A contract without consideration is void -Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Consideration: Practical Problems ,[object Object],[object Object]

Answer: Case.1 ,[object Object]

Case.2 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Answers to case.2 ,[object Object]

Answer to Case.3 ,[object Object]

CAPACITY TO CONTRACT [ COMPETENCY OF THE PARTIES ] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

… ..CAPACITY TO CONTRACT [COMPETENCY OF THE PARTIES] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1.Minors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

..Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

..Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object]

… Minor’s Agreements 5.He can always plead minority : ,[object Object],[object Object]

Minor ’ s Agreements …. 5.He can always plead minority : ,[object Object]

… .Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object]

…… .Minor ’ s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

… Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

… Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object],[object Object]

Minor’s Agreements ,[object Object]

Minor’s Liability for Necessaries of Life. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What are necessaries of life ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.Persons of Unsound Mind. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Persons of Unsound Mind. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Persons of Unsound Mind ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contracts of Persons of Unsound Mind ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

3. Other persons ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

3. Other persons ,[object Object],[object Object]

Foreign sovereigns, their diplomatic staff and accredited representatives of foreign states ,[object Object],[object Object]

CORPORATIONS [COMPANY] ,[object Object],[object Object]

INSOLVENTS & CONVICTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ,[object Object]

Answer to Case.1 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Answer to Case.2 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Free Consent ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is Free Consent ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coercion [Sec.15] ,[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of Coercion ,[object Object],[object Object]

… Examples of Coercion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of Coercion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Effect of Coercion ,[object Object],[object Object]

Threat to commit suicide-Does it amount to coercion? Chikham Amiraju vs. Seshamma (1917) Madras HC . ,[object Object],[object Object]

Threat to commit suicide-Does it amount to coercion? [Purabi Mukherjee vs. Basudev Mukherjee(1969)Calcutta] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Duress ,[object Object],[object Object]

UNDUE INFLUENCE Section 16(1) ,[object Object],[object Object]

UNDUE INFLUENCE Section 16(1) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Difference Between Coercion and Undue Influence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of UNDUE INFLUENCE ,[object Object]

Examples of UNDUE INFLUENCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of UNDUE INFLUENCE ,[object Object],[object Object]

Misrepresentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MISREPRESENTATION & FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MISREPRESENTATION ,[object Object]

Examples of Misrepresentation ,[object Object]

Examples of Misrepresentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Requirements of MISREPRESENTATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Requirements of MISREPRESENTATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

……… .. FRAUD ,[object Object]

……… .. FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

………… ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

………… ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object]

………… ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contracts not necessarily voidable -Exceptions. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MISTAKE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MISTAKE OF LAW Example of (1) Mistake of law of the country ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MISTAKE OF LAW …… (2) Mistake of law of a foreign country ,[object Object]

…………… . M I S T A K E of Fact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bilateral Mistake ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

…… Bilateral Mistake ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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